1、大学六级-1612 及答案解析(总分：691.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.目前，国久“汉语热”持续升温2. 出现这种现象的主要原因3. “汉语热”给我的启示On Foreigners Learning Chinese（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)NASA Inventions You Might Use Every DayIn 1958, President Eisenhower signed the Space Act, officially creating
2、the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. From the beginning, the purpose for the new branch extended beyond space ships and moon boots. The law prescribed that its research and advancements should benefit all people, and in its 50-year history, NASA has certainly fulfilled that role.Althou
3、gh most people today will never set foot on the moon, everyone likely comes in con tact with a NASA by-product every day. Partnering with various research teams and companies, NASA continues to produce a vast array of new technologies and products that have improved our daily lives. Basic steps in h
4、ealth, safety, communications and even casual entertainment find their roots in the government branch commonly associated with rocket ships and floating people. In fact, NASA has filed more than 6,300 patents with the U.S. government.Each year since 1976, NASA has published a list of every commercia
5、lized technology and product linked to its research. The NASA journal Spinoff highlights these products, which have included things like improved pacemakers, state of the art exercise machines and satellite radio. Each product was made possible thanks to a NASA idea or innovation.But it doesnt take
6、a rocket scientist to use many of these so-called by-products. Read on to learn about some of these familiar products.1. Water FiltersWater is the essential ingredient to human survival. Since people cannot live without water, the ability to convert contaminated water to pure water is an incredibly
7、important scientific achievement.Astronauts needed a way to cleanse water they take up into space, since bacteria and sickness would be highly problematic. Water filter technology had existed since the early 1950s, but NASA wanted to know how to clean water in more extreme situations and keep it cle
8、an for longer periods of time.If you look at a water filter, you can usually detect small chunks of charcoal (木炭) inside of them. Sometimes, when you first use a water filter, youll even notice tiny black flecks from those chunks. This charcoal is specially activated and contains silver ions that ne
9、utralize bacteria in the water. Along with killing bacteria in the water, the filters also prevent further bacterial growth. Companies have borrowed from this same technology to bring us the water filter systems millions of people use at home every day.2. Cordless ToolsWhen youre sucking up bits of
10、dirt or crumbs around the house with a handheld cordless vacuum, you are actually using the same technology that astronauts used on the moon. Although Black most people drink both, knowing the importance of plenty of water. What they may not know is that some bottled water may not be as pure as they
11、 expect. In 1999 the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) tested more than 1,000 bottles of 103 brands of water, which is the most recent major report on bottled water safety. While noting that most bottled water is safe, the organization found that at least one sample of a third of the brands c
12、ontained bacterial or chemical contaminants, including carcinogens(致癌物质) ,in levels exceeding state or industry standards. Since the report, no major regulatory changes have been made and bottlers havent drastically altered their procedures, so the risk is likely still there.Besides, bottled water a
13、lso affects the health of the planet. A big part of the appeal of bottled water is those convenient single-serving bottles. Yet fewer than 20 percent of them ever make it to a second life, according to estimates by the Container Recycling Institute. The rest are tossed onto beaches and roadsides and
14、 into landfills, where they could be around for a thousand years. Nestle Waters and other bottlers are trying to be greener, introducing lighter-weight bottles that use up to 30 percent less plastic. Its a good start, but more needs to be done.（分数：90.00）(1).What have made people certain of the purit
15、y of bottled water?（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(2).Over a quarter of bottled water is derived from _.（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(3).At least one sample of a third of bottled water brands tested by NRDC failed to meet（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(4).According to estimates, what is the recycle rate of water bottles?（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(
16、5).Nestle and some bottled water companies are trying to reduce the environmental impact by shifting to（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_九、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：44.50)Researchers have recently found a connection between diseases and stressful situations. To test this theory, psychologists ar
17、e trying to find a link between the brain and the immune system.Our bodies are likely to get various diseases and it depends on how well our immune system works. Biologists used to think that the immune system was a separate, independent part of our bodies. Recently, however, they have found that ou
18、r brain can affect our immune system. This discovery indicates that there may be a connection between emotional factors, such as stress or depression, and illness.Although many doctors in the past suspected a connection between emotional factor and disease, they had no proof. Scientists have only re
19、cently discovered how the brain and the immune system function. Before this, no one could see a link between them. As a result, medical science never seriously considered the idea that psychological factors could cause disease.Several recent studies showed a connection between stress and illness. Fo
20、r example, researchers went to an American military school to study the students. They found that the sick students there had a lot of academic pressure and wanted to achieve, but they were not very good students. In a similar study, researchers studied a group of student nurses and found that the n
21、urses who developed cold sores were the ones who described themselves as generally unhappy people.In addition to these results, which support their theory, researchers are also looking for proof that stress can damage the immune system. Researchers studied recently bereaved people, i.e., people whos
22、e loved ones have just died, because they are more likely to become ill or die. By examining the immune system of recently bereaved people, the researchers made an important discovery. They examined some white blood cells which are an important part of the immune system. They were not functioning pr
23、operly. The fact that they were not working correct indicates that severe psychological stress, such as a loved ones death, may damage an important part of our immune system.There is still no positive proof of a connection between the immune system and psychological factors. Researchers also say tha
24、t the results of the studies on bereaved people could have a different explanation. For example, bereaved people often sleep and eat less than normal, or may drink alcohol or take medication. These factors can also affect the immune system. More research is needed to clearly establish the connection
25、 between the immune system and psychological factors.（分数：44.50）(1).The study on the military school students indicated that_.A) life in the school was very stressfulB) disease could be caused by psychological factorsC) the good students were likely to fall illD) stress often made students unhappy（分数
26、：8.90）A.B.C.D.(2).The immune system_.A) used to be unconnected with the brain B) causes a lot of stress to peopleC) can be affected by emotional factors D) functions independently（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.(3).In the past, many doctors_.A) never thought of any possible link between stress and illnessB) hardly
27、 considered emotional factors when dealing with a patientC) discovered that the brain and immune system functioned independentlyD) found that diseases were caused by psychological factors（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.(4).The study of recently bereaved people shows that_.A) stress is directly linked with illness.
28、B) bereaved people should control their emotions properlyC) white blood cells are an important part of the immune systemD) there is obvious connection between immune system and psychological factors（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A) Unhappiness may ca
29、use disease.B) Drinking alcohol may cause damage to the immune system.C) Too much sorrow is harmful to the immune system.D) Psychological stress leads naturally to the damage of the immune system.（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.十一、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：44.50)Our bodies are wonderfully skilful at maintaining balance
30、. When the temperature jumps, we sweat to cool down. When our blood pressure falls, our hearts pound to compensate. As it turned out, though, our natural state is not a steady one. Researchers are finding that everything from blood pressure to brain function varies rhythmically with the cycles of su
31、n, moon and seasons. And their insights are yielding new strategies for keeping away such common killers as heart disease and cancer. Only one doctor in 20 has a good knowledge of the growing field of “chronotherapeutics,“ the strategic use of time (chronoa) in medicine. But according to a new Ameri
32、can Medical Association poll, three out of four are eager to change that. “The field is exploding“, says Michael Smolensky. “Doctors used to look at us like, What space ship did you guys get off of? Now theyre thirsty to know more.“In medical school, most doctors learn that people with chronic condi
33、tions should take their medicine at steady rates. “Its a terrible way to treat disease,“ says Dr. Richard Martin. For example, asthmatics (气喘患者)are most likely to suffer during the night. Yet most patients strive to keep a constant level of medicine in their blood day and night,whether by breathing
34、in on an inhaler (吸入器) four times a day or taking a pill each morning and evening. In recent studies, researchers have found that a large mid-afternoon dose of a bron chodilator (支气管扩张剂) can be as safe as several small doses, and better for preventing night-time attacks.If the night belongs to asthm
35、a, the dawn belongs to high blood pressure and heart disease. Heart attacks twice as common at 9 a. m. as at 1l p. m. Part of tile reason is that our blood pressure falls predictably at night, then peaks as we start to work for the day. “Doctors know that“, says Dr. Henry Black of Chicago Medical Ce
36、nter,“ but until now, we havent been able to do anything about it. “Most blood pressure drugs provide 18 to 20 hours of relief. But because theyre taken in the morning, theyre least effective when most needed. “You take your pill at 7 and its working by 9,“ says Dr. William White of the University o
37、f Connecticut Health Center. “But by that time youve gone through the worst four hours of the day with no protection,“ Bedtime dosing would prevent that lapse, but it would also push blood Pressure to dangerously low levels during the night.（分数：44.50）(1).According to the passage, how do human bodies
38、 maintain balance?A) They adjust themselves timely in line with their physical conditions.B) People increase or lower the body temperature by sweating.C) Peoples hearts pound to compensate when the blood pressure goes up.D) Our natural state is not a steady one.（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.(2).Researchers are f
39、inding that _.A) heart disease and cancer are the most common killers of human beingsB) blood pressure and brain function are decided by cycles of sun, moon and seasonsC) the functions of human bodies have much to do with natureD) any change in human bodies goes systematically with changes in the en
40、vironment（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, it is best for asthmatics to take their medicines _.A) at steady rates B) each morning and eveningC) when the disease occurs D) at mid-afternoon（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Para. 1?A) Doctors know l
41、ess about chronotherapeutics than before.B) Doctors in the U. S. used to be thirsty to know more about the new medical field.C) The researchers insights are providing new strategies to cure common killers.D) The strategic use of time in medicine attracts more attention in the medical circle in the U
42、.S.（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, which of the following is the most important?A) Medicine. B) Treatment. C) Timing. D) Prevention.（分数：8.90）A.B.C.D.十二、Part Error Correct(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Being assertive(过分自信) is being able to communicate with other people clearly. If you felt that you
43、had expressed what was important to you and allowed the others to respond their own way, then, regardless of the final outcome, 60._you behaved assertively. It is important to remember that being assertive refers to a way of coping with confrontations. It does not mean gettingyour own way every time
44、 or winning some battles with another person. In 61._practice, assertive behavior is usually most likely to produce a result which is generally acceptable to all concerned, without anyone feel that they have been 62._unfairly treated. Assertiveness is often wrongly confusing with aggression. An aggr
45、essive 63._confrontation is when one or both parties attempt to put forward their feelingsand beliefs at the expense of others. In an assertive confrontation, however,each party stands up for their personal rights, and each shows respect and understanding 64._for the others viewpoint.The reason why
46、assertiveness may not come naturally is what we often 65._tend to believe that we must talk around a subject rather than be direct, or thatwe must offer for excuses or justifications for our actions. 66._In fact, we all have a right to use assertive behavior in a various of situations. 67._We are of
47、ten schooled early in life to believe that sometimes our ownneed to express ourselves must take second place. For example, in dealing with 68._those in privileged positions such as specialists, we often feel that speaking assertively is, in some way, “breaking the rules“. 69._（分数：70.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:
48、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十三、Part Translation(总题数：5，分数：35.00)2.The better you understand yourself, 1 (就越容易充分发挥自己的潜力).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_3. -|_|- (她在事故中幸免于难) is a miracle.（分数：7.00）_4. 1 (要是提前问我的话), I would have given you his address.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_5.Because his health is getting
