1、大学六级-892 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Intelligent Transport SystemToday, there are many ways to travel around a large metropolitan area, for work or pleasure. You could walk, although the range is admittedly low. You coul
2、d bicycle, but you still do a lot of work, and its dangerous. You could drive a car, which takes concentration and sobriety and a license. You could ride a bus, and let someone else drive. You could take a train, and let a computer drive you. Or you could fly, and wait a long time for the plane to t
3、ake off and land.All modes of transportation have advantages, and disadvantages. However, in recent decades, the single system that has won over all others is the private automobile. This allows you to go from your starting point to your destination point, with your complete control, at a reasonable
4、 speed in a reasonable time. Unfortunately, apart from the pollutants created by the vehicle itself, the fact that so many other people seem to enjoy its perceived freedom causes major traffic jams, and the requirement for traffic control devices.Too many people using too little road space at the sa
5、me time causes traffic jams. It is most profound on large grade separated roads, that have limited access. There have been various solutions tried out, including high occupancy vehicle lanes, ramp metering, or road widening. Unfortunately, they simply dont solve the problem of lack of capacity.Traff
6、ic control devices impose certain controls on the flow of traffic. Most common are traffic lights. These meter the flow of traffic between two or more roads so that at no time is any vehicle in conflict with any other. However, they also impose that traffic comes to a complete stop, requiring vehicl
7、es to stop and then start again. This not only slows vehicles down, but also is the prime cause of wasted energy in urban settings.Unfortunately, cities are very reluctant to spend money. Therefore any future transport system has to be cheap for cities. This implies that current infrastructure is ke
8、pt as much as possible, or improved. Using roads, the prime infrastructure available today would mean the form factor for vehicles would stay the same, but each individual vehicle could be made more intelligent.So for tomorrow, we need to design a transport system that uses roads or a very slight im
9、provement on roads to provide a high capacity system that provides service for everyone. This could be achieved by implementing the following eight systems, each of which provides more of a burden on the car manufacturer, but would eventually provide a system, which is automatic, safe and efficient.
10、Firstly, all cars should have intelligence brakes and cruise control. These would remove the driver from the responsibility of having to follow along behind somebody. By pressing a button, the driver would give control of the distance between his car and the car in front. If the car in front slowed
11、down, you would not have to wait for the brake lights to light up, the driver to see them, Wen press the brake pedal the right amount, and continuously monitor the distance. Instead the car would be programmed to continuously monitor the distance to the car in front and instantly alter its speed to
12、match and maintain the distance.By speeding up the feedback circuit, you can close the distance of cars, and therefore increase the capacity. You also remove driver error so reducing the number of accidents. Also, cars could communicate locally with each other and ware ahead of time that following c
13、ars need to slow down.Next, you need to remove the driver from the responsibility of steering the vehicle. Having complex vision systems on a car seems over the top as they not only dramatically increase the cost of the car, but also the complexity of the control software. Instead you could build de
14、tector into the front of the car that detect the middle of a lane of traffic. The car would try and keep the vehicle in that lane. Junctions could be built by having the centerline split. The operator or route planning software would decide which of the two or more signals to follow.Separating lanes
15、 of automatic cars from those driven by humans especially on high speed highways, would give an incentive to not only purchase an automatic car but also to purchase the road space which it uses. Since these separate lanes would have not only fast moving traffic but also safer traffic, they could be
16、marked and sold by cities to create a revenue stream to allow the building of more augmented roads.Having a device in the car that does route planning is a great help for people who dont know the way around your city. But what if you lived in the city for many years? Its not going to be that much us
17、e, is it? By linking route planning with real time information on traffic levels in the city, you can quickly divert your journey to use the most efficient roads. This information could be relayed to vehicles using broadcast radio. Roadside sensors that determine the flow of traffic on a road would
18、detect the speeds.The ability to remove the parking requirements from near a building would allow more compact cities, which are better pedestrian environments. However, people dont like to walk from a parking structure that is a long way from their destination. The solution is to allow the car to d
19、rop off the passengers where required and then drive itself to the nearest parking structure that is known to have a space.By automatically controlling the speed and location of all traffic, you can make junctions work very efficiently. At the moment, some traffic has to stop, and when it resumes, t
20、he cars spread out into a large disperse volume. Instead you could move each group of cars as a packet, adjusting its speed so that it arrives at an intersection at just the right time so that it never has to stop. This could be achieved by changing the speed of a section of road so those cars slow
21、down gradually. The speeds of road segments would be set by nearby junction computers each linked to the other. This would create a holistic traffic control system. If one section lost power, the system would revert to a normal junction.When a group of people move from one location to another, it wo
22、uld make sense to allow them to travel together instead of having to each use a separate vehicle. On demand group transport would allow the request of a large vehicle which can automatically move people from one location to another. These vehicles would be stored at strategic locations, and then sen
23、t to the requesting site as quickly as possible. Vehicles could be booked in advance, and you pay by the time used in minutes, not the distance traveled or destination.At the other end is the replacement of the taxi. This would be similar to the group transport but for smaller groups. Again these ve
24、hicles would be stored at strategic locations, so that people dont have to wait very long. Again they are hired by the minute of use. Since you are no longer required to own your own vehicle, the total number of vehicles required in the whole system is reduced, and therefore the number of parking sp
25、aces required. Given a fully demand driven transport system, you would never need to find another parking space in your life.After the above is implemented, you have on demand private or group transport vehicles driving themselves from point to point without the need to stop at junctions, wait for t
26、raffic jams on freeways, or get lost along the way.（分数：70.00）(1).Riding a bicycle takes concentration, sobriety and a license.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Private automobile is the most important mode of transportation in recent decades.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).Air pollution is the most serious problem caused by
27、the exist of too many private automobiles.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).Traffic lights are the most common traffic control devices.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).Drivers can be free from the responsibility of having to follow along behind someone with the help of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Having complex vision system will i
28、ncrease the cost of the car and increase _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).You can have fast moving and safer traffic in _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).To solve the problem of parking, we need the car to drive itself to the nearest parking structure after _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).We have a request of a large vehicle which
29、can automatically move people from one location to another to meet the demand of _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).In order to be prompt, taxi for the transport of smaller groups should be stored at _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on
30、 the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.Commenting on a picture.B.Looking at some paint,C.Painting a picture.D.Comparing two paintings.A.Professor and student.B.Shop assistant and customer.C.Librarian and reader.D.Two friends.A.Future happiness is attractive,B.The man shouldnt work too har
31、d for the happiness of future.C.The man should retire early.D.Today s happiness is less important than tomorrows.A.In a bar.B.In a restaurant.C.In a hotel.D.In a grocer s.A.The man is handsome.B.The man used to be unhealthy.C.The lecture is not very clearD.The man has become a better person.A.Buy so
32、mething to eat on the train.B.Take the five o clock trainC.Wait to catch a later train.D.Take the train to the airport,A.She feels nervous about the test.B.She worries about her competence.C.She thinks she is well prepared.D.She doesnt like the training behind the wheel.A.Take a break.B.Go to work.C
33、.Do the other problems.D.Keep trying.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.ballet.B.Swimming.C.Nursing.D.TeachingA.She has a powerful mother.B.She loves her cat.C.To be a vet is her dream.D.For her teacher.A.Cathy is not so brilliant.B.Cathy thinks her moth
34、er is very kind.C.She went to France with the school choir last year.D.The man is her father.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./b.（分数：28.00）A.Same height.B.Same friends.C.Same number of children.D.Same university.A.She married twice.B.She does not like baby.C.She l
35、ikes to do housework.D.She envies her sister.A.Manager.B.Teacher.C.Engineer.D.Journalist.A.Same gene, same life.B.Identical twins also have very different lives.C.The element of environment is more important.D.None of the above.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on th
36、e passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Its near Mexico City.B.Its in Guatemala.C.Its stretched from the plains of central Mexico to the mountains of Guatemala.D.Its in America.A.It has become a clumsy giant.B.The city has suffered from lung-time famine.C.There was an epidemic disease that time.D.
37、It has been set on fire.A.Teotihuacan, once the home of 200,000 people, was the center of a large empire.B.Many archaeologists are fascinated by the ruins of a pre-Columbia city called Teotihuacan.C.Teotihuacan, once a major metropolitan area, was destroyed by an invasion.D.A still unsolved mystery
38、is why the people of Teotihnacan suddenly abandoned their city.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.For hunting.B.For protecting himself.C.For stimulation.D.For protecting the country.A.Males are arrested about four times more than females.B.Accordin
39、g to the survey, 61% of all men feel unsafe in their own neighborhoods at night.C.More women arrested than men in juvenile runaway cases and prostitution.D.The police and court are required to be more kind to the female offenders.A.Rape.B.Burglary.C.Aggravated assault.D.Smuggling.Passage ThreeQuesti
40、ons 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Paris.B.Copenhagen.C.New York.D.London.A.Once.B.Twice.C.Three times.D.Never.A.They won the tournament last year.B.They have been trained the hardest in the tournament.C.They have the most money to spend on their athletes.D.They ha
41、ve never lost a game before.A.The German team.B.The British team.C.The Brazilian Team.D.The American team.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)With the recent rapid advances in information technologies, (36) researchers at every level and in every (37) have developed new methods, tools, and (38) for instructi
42、on. As the Internet, e-mail and multimedia have already become parts of most college students lives nowadays; (39) these new information tech nologies to engineering and science instruction is a great (40) for teachers and researchers. Although the effectiveness and (41) of new information technolog
43、ies on education are not yet well (42) and documented the promises and (43) they hold for improving education are exciting For example, (44) Students at home and in work places can have access to learning material at any time. (45) . Students can work on learning materials at their own pace and disc
44、uss them with other people when they have questions. In other words, (46) （分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)The three biggest lies in America are: (1) “The check is in the mail.“ (2) “O
45、f course Ill respect you in the morning.“ (3) “It was a computer error.“Of these three little white lies, the worst of the lot by far is the third. Its the only one that can never be true. Today, if a bank statement cheats you out of $900 that way, you know what the clerk is sure to say: “It was a c
46、omputer error.“ Nonsense. The computer is reporting nothing more than what the clerk typed into it.The most irritating case of all is when the computerized cash register in the grocery store shows that an item costs more than it actually does. If the innocent buyer points out the mistake, the checke
47、r, bagger, and manager all come together and offer the familiar explanation: “It was a computer error.“It wasnt, of course. That high-tech cash register is really nothing more than an electric eye. The eye reads the Universal Product Code-that ribbon of black and white lines in a comer of the packag
48、e-and then checks the code against a price list stored in memory. If the price list is right, youll be charged accurately.Grocery stores update the price list each day-that is, somebody sits at a keyboard and types in the prices. If the price they type in is too high, there are only two explanations: carelessness or dishonesty. But somehow “a computer error“ is supposed to excuse everythin
