1、大学六级-908 及答案解析(总分：661.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.如今的空巢老人逐渐增多2. 这种现象出现的原因3. 这种现象可能产生的不良影响和解决方法The Old in the Empty Nest_（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)How Geniuses WorkIn 1905, Albert Einstein developed the theory of special relativity. He also proved that atoms e
2、xist and figured out that light behaves as both a particle and a wave. To top it all off, he developed his famous equation E=mc2, which describes the relationship between matter and energy, the same year. He was only 26 years old.Without a doubt, Einstein was a genius. So was Isaac Newton as any fan
3、 of “Star Trek: The Next Generation“ can tell you, he invented physics. He also played a big role in the development of calculus, which some people have trouble comprehending even after extensive classroom study. Another genius, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, started composing music when he was 5 years ol
4、d. Mozart wrote hundreds of pieces before his death in 1760 at age 35.According to conventional wisdom, geniuses are different from everyone else. They can think faster and better than other people. In addition, many people think that all that extra brainpower leads to eccentric or quirky behavior.
5、And although geniuses are fairly easy to spot, defining exactly what makes one person a genius is a little trickier. Figuring out how that person became a genius is harder still.There are two big things that make it difficult to study genius: The genius label is subjective. Some people insist that a
6、nyone with an intelligence quotient (IQ) higher than a certain value is a genius. Others feel that IQ tests measure only a limited part of a persons total intelligence. Some believe high test scores have little to do with real genius. Genius is a big-picture concept. Most scientific and medical inqu
7、iries, on the other hand, examine details. A concept as subjective as genius isnt easy to quantify, analyze or study.So, when exploring how geniuses work, its a good idea to start by defining precisely what a genius is. For the purpose of this article, a genius isnt simply someone with an exceptiona
8、lly high IQ. Instead, a genius is an extraordinarily intelligent person who breaks new ground with discoveries, inventions or works of art. Usually, a geniuss work changes the way people view the world or the field in which the work took place. In other words, a genius must be both intelligent and a
9、ble to use that intelligence in a productive or impressive way.Genius and the BrainYour brain regulates your bodys organ systems. When you move around, it sends impulses along your nerves and tells your muscles what to do. Your brain controls your senses of smell, taste, touch, sight and hearing, an
10、d you experience and process emotions using your brain. On top of all that, your brain allows you to think, analyze information and solve problems. But how does it make you smart?Scientists havent figured out exactly how all the gray matter in your brain works, but they do have an idea of which part
11、 lets you think. The cerebral cortex (大脑皮层), which is the outermost part of your brain, is where thought and reasoning happen. These are your brains higher functions the lower functions, which relate to basic survival, take place deeper in the brain.Your cerebral cortex is the largest part of your b
12、rain, and its full of wrinkles and folds that allow it to fit in your skull. If you removed and stretched out an adult humans cerebral cortex, it would be about as large as a few pages of a newspaper. Its divided into several lobes, and different regions within these lobes handle specific tasks rela
13、ted to how you think.In spite of all those challenges to see the brain inside and how it works, researchers have figured out a few things about how the brain affects intelligence. A 2004 study at the University of California, Irvine found that the volume of gray matter in parts of the cerebral corte
14、x had a greater impact on intelligence than the brains total volume. The findings suggest that the physical attributes of many parts of the brain rather than a centralized “intelligence center“ determine how smart a person is. Genius and IntelligenceLike genius, intelligence can be difficult to quan
15、tify. Psychologists and neuroscientists study intelligence extensively. An entire field of study, known as psychometrics, is devoted to studying and measuring intelligence. But even within that field, experts dont always agree on exactly what it is or how best to analyze it. And while intelligence i
16、s central to genius, not all geniuses score well on intelligence tests or perform well in school.Intelligence testing has existed for thousands of years. Chinese emperors used aptitude testing to evaluate civil servants as early as 2200 BC. The tests we know as IQ tests got their start near the end
17、of the 19th century. Today, IQ tests generally measure a persons memory as well as language, spatial and mathematical abilities. In theoretical terms, these tests measure a concept or factor known as g. You can think of g as a unit of measure or a way of expressing the amount of intelligence a perso
18、n has.IQ tests are also standardized so that most people score between 90 and 110. When placed on a graph, the IQ test scores of a large group of people will generally resemble a bell curve, with most people scoring in the average range. A common perception is that anyone scoring above a certain num
19、ber often 140 is automatically a genius. But in spite of the existence of high-IQ organizations, many scientists caution that there is no such thing as a genius-level IQ.Many educators and researchers feel that, in general, standardized IQ tests do a good job of predicting how well a child will perf
20、orm in school. Schools often use these tests to determine which children to place in gifted or special education classes. Most colleges and universities and some employers also use standardized tests as part of their application processes.Creativity and GeniusTheres a big difference between being re
21、ally smart and being a genius. While geniuses tend to be exceptionally intelligent, they also use imagination and creativity to invent, discover or create something new within their field of interest. They break new ground rather than simply remembering or reciting existing information.Geniuses do n
22、ot usually operate in isolation, either nearly all of them analyze the work of other great minds and use that information to make new discoveries. Self- taught geniuses, on the other hand, often explore information in unexpected or inventive ways, due in part to their lack of formal training. In eit
23、her case, the ability to imagine new possibilities is as important as general intelligence.Like intelligence, creativity and imagination can be difficult to isolate, quantify or explain. Some researchers believe that creative people have less latent inhibition than other people. Latent inhibition is
24、 the unconscious ability to ignore unimportant stimuli. Researchers theorize that creative people either receive more stimuli from the world around them or ignore less of it. This may also explain why creative people seem to be more prone to mental illness. People who are both unable to filter stimu
25、li and emotionally unstable are more prone to psychosis.Creativity also seems to have some traits in common with bipolar disorder. During an episode of mania, a person with bipolar disorder experiences increases in energy, the ability to focus and motivation. Bipolar disorder is more common among wr
26、iters and artists than in the general population, but scientists have not found a cause-and-effect relationship between the two.The creativity of geniuses also relates to productivity and hard work. Sometimes, the most dramatic examples of genius involve people who produce their best work at a very
27、young age. However, not every genius produces exceptional work early in life the way Einstein and Mozart did. Some, like Ludwig yon Beethoven, do their best work later in life.（分数：70.00）(1).Who is the genius that started composing music in 5?（分数：7.00）A.Star Trek.B.Wolfgang Mozart.C.Albert Einstein.D
28、.Ludwig yon Beethoven.(2).What do we learn from the fourth paragraph?（分数：7.00）A.IQ test measures a limited part of a persons intelligence.B.There is still controversy on IQ test.C.High test scores have little to do with real genius.D.A person who has a higher IQ is a genius.(3).The genius discussed
29、in the passage is someone not only has a high IQ but also _.（分数：7.00）A.behaves in a strange way in their daily lifeB.has odd appearance and strange personalityC.started his/her career at a young ageD.has done something extraordinary(4).What exercises dominating influence on the five senses of human
30、being?（分数：7.00）A.The cerebral cortex.B.The muscles.C.The nerves.D.The brain.(5).A study revealed that the size of _ in the cerebral cortex played an important role in intelligence.（分数：7.00）A.nervesB.cellsC.gray matterD.lobes(6).Even within the field of _, people have controversy on how best to analy
31、ze intelligence.（分数：7.00）A.psychologyB.psychometricsC.neurologyD.physics(7).On the graph of the IQ scores, the average range of the bell curve would be the score（分数：7.00）A.over 140B.over 110C.between 90 and 110D.between 100 and 110(8).If a boy has a low IQ in a standardized IQ test in school, he wou
32、ld probably be sent to a _.（分数：7.00）(9).If they are interested in some field, geniuses would use their _ to make something new, instead of learning the existing thing by heart.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The author cites _ as an example of geniuses who produced exceptional work later in life.（分数：7.00）填空项 1
33、:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken
34、 only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the.four choices marked , and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.00）A.He doesnt like the paintings.B.He hasnt seen th
35、e paintings yet.C.He doesnt enjoy his art history course.D.He would like to own one of the paintings.A.Her name is on the top of the list.B.She is expecting a job interview.C.She will be the last to be interviewed.D.She must fix a date for the job interview.A.Their father is unable to keep his promi
36、se.B.Their father is going on a vacation without her.C.Their father isnt telling her the truth.D.Their father doesnt want to travel abroad.A.Substitute for Laura at work.B.Meet Laura at the restaurant.C.Go out of town with Laura.D.Accept a full-time job.A.He thinks the woman is wasting her time.B.He
37、 is eager to know the womans answer.C.He can wait and there is no need for the woman to hurry.D.He thinks the woman should make full use of her time.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Yesterday morning.B.Yesterday noon.C.Yesterday afternoon.D.Yesterday e
38、vening.A.He doesnt have good qualifications.B.His resume hasnt outlined his past in a proper way.C.He is not nervous when taking an interview.D.He always thinks that the interviewer is like an enemy.A.He should outline his past better.B.He should send his resume directly to the manager.C.He should c
39、reate a new area in his resume called “value offered“.D.He neednt write different resumes to different employers.A.A shipping company.B.A consulting company.C.An accounting company.D.A headhunting company.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.The hotel does
40、nt open that day.B.She doesnt work that day.C.There is no room available that day.D.There is no discount on books that day.A.He wants to give his wife a surprise on their anniversary.B.The woman cant cancel his reservation record.C.He doesnt appreciate the womans calling.D.He doesnt understand what
41、the woman means.A.The receptionist is not serious.B.The receptionists advice is helpful to him.C.Its charge is reasonable.D.Its reservation service is very poor.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：63.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.D
42、irect the driver.B.Look ahead to see where theres a turn.C.Move to the back seat if feeling uncomfortable.D.Keep looking at the map to find a place to go to.A.To get information when in danger.B.To be saved in case of an accident.C.To share the fun with them in exploration.D.To tell them whats going
43、 on with the group members.A.They can make people work fast.B.They can help people stay healthy.C.They can help people organize other activities.D.They can make people get prepared for sports.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.By producing pressure
44、 waves going in the opposite direction.B.By mixing new sound waves with the noise and sending them out together.C.By mixing high-frequency sound waves with low-frequency ones.D.By making a copy of the unwanted sound waves and letting it out a little later.A.It can make a car lighter.B.It can make a
45、car faster.C.It can reduce the cost of a silencer.D.It can improve the performance of a silencer.A.It is still being tried out.B.People still have their doubts.C.It increases the cost of car production.D.Carmakers are not sure if it is necessary.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passa
46、ge you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.He had plans for reading.B.He learned to educate himself.C.He only read books over 100 pages.D.He read only one book several times.A.To explain why it was included in the list.B.To describe why he seriously crossed it off the list.C.To prove that he understood most
47、 of it because he had looked at every word.D.To show that he read the books blindly though they were hard to understand.A.To show how he developed his point of view.B.To tell his reading experience at high school.C.To introduce the two persons reading methods.D.To explain that he read many books at
48、high school.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Can we generate the new cultural attitudes required by our technological virtuosity? History is not very reassuring here. It has taken centuries to learn how to live (36) in the family, the tribe, the city, the state, and the nation. Each new (37) of human sensitivity and loyalty has taken generations to become firmly (38) in the human mind. And now we are forced into a quantum leap from the mutual suspicion and (39) that have marke
