1、大学四级-1859 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1.推行公共场所禁烟能够保护公众的健康2.实现公共场所禁烟面临很多困难3.我的建议No Smoking in Public Places（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：70.00)Record Level of Stress Found in College FreshmenThe emotional health of college freshmenwho feel attacked by the r
2、ecession and stressed by the pressures of high schoolhas declined to the lowest level since an annual survey of incoming students started collecting data 25 years ago.In the survey, “The American Freshman: National Norms Fall 2010“, involving more than 200,000 incoming full-time students at four-yea
3、r colleges, the percentage of students rating themselves as “below average“ in emotional health rose. Meanwhile, the percentage of students who said their emotional health was above average fell to 52 percent. It was 64 percent in 1985.Every year, women had a less positive view of their emotional he
4、alth than men, and that gap has widened.Campus counselors say the survey results are the latest evidence of what they see every day in their officestudents who are depressed, under stress and using psychiatric medication, prescribed even before they came to college.The economy has only added to the
5、stress, not just because of financial pressures on their parents but also because the students are worried about their own college debt and job prospects when they graduate.“This fits with what were all seeing,“ said Brian Van Brunt, director of counseling at Western Kentucky University and presiden
6、t of the American College Counseling Association. “More students are arriving on campus with problems, needing support, and todays economic factors are putting a lot of extra stress on college students, as they look at their loans and wonder if there will be a career waiting for them on the other si
7、de.“The annual survey of freshmen is considered the most comprehensive because of its size and longevity. At the same time, the question asking students to rate their own emotional health compared with that of others is hard to assess, since it requires them to come up with their own definition of e
8、motional health, and to make judgments of how they compare with their peers.“Most people probably think emotional health means, Am I happy most of the time, and do I feel good about myself so it probably correlates with mental health,“ said Dr. Mark Reed, the psychiatrist who directs Dartmouth Colle
9、ges counseling office. “I dont think students have an accurate sense of other peoples mental health,“ he added. “Theres a lot of pressure to put on a perfect face, and people often think theyre the only ones having trouble.“To some extent, students decline in emotional health may result from pressur
10、es they put on themselves.While first-year students assessments of their emotional health were declining, their ratings of their own drive to achieve, and academic ability, have been going up, and reached a record high in 2010, with about three-quarters saying they were above average.“Students know
11、their generation is likely to be less successful than their parents, so they feel more pressure to succeed than in the past,“ said Jason Ebbeling, director of residential education at Southern Oregon University. “These days, students worry that even with a college degree they wont find a job that pa
12、ys more than minimum wage, so even at 15 or 16 theyre thinking theyll need to get into an M. B A. program or Ph. D. program.“Other findings in the survey underscore the degree to which the economy is weighing on college students.“Paternal unemployment is at the highest level since we started measuri
13、ng,“ said John Pryor, director of the Cooperative Institutional Research Program at U. C. L. A. s Higher Education Research Institute, which does the annual freshman survey. “More students are taking out loans. And were seeing the impact of not being able to get a summer job, and the importance of f
14、inancial aid in choosing which college theyre going to attend.“We dont know exactly why students emotional health is declining,“ he said. “But it seems the economy could be a lot of it.“For many young people, serious stress starts before college. The share of students who said on the survey that the
15、y had been frequently overwhelmed by all they had to do during their senior year of high school rose to 29 percent from 27 percent last year.The gender gap on that question was even larger than on emotional health, with 18 percent of the men saying they had been frequently overwhelmed, compared with
16、 39 percent of the women.There is also a gender gap, studies have shown, in the students who seek out college mental health services, with women making up 60 percent or more of the clients.“Boys are socialized not to talk about their feelings or express stress, while girls are more likely to say the
17、yre having a tough time,“ said Perry C. Francis, coordinator for counseling services at Eastern Michigan University in Ypsilanti. “Guys might go out and do something destructive, or stupid, that might include property damage. Girls act out differently.“Linda Sax, a professor of education at U. C. L.
18、 A. and former director of the freshman study who uses the data in research about college gender gaps, said the gap between men and women on emotional well-being was one of the largest in the survey.“One aspect of it is how women and men spent their leisure time,“ she said. “Men tend to find more ti
19、me for leisure and activities that relieve stress, like exercise and sports, while women tend to take on more responsibilities, like volunteer work and helping out with their family, that dont relieve stress.“In addition, Professor Sax has explored the role of the faculty in college students emotion
20、al health, and found that interactions with faculty members were particularly important for women. Negative interactions had a greater impact on their mental health.“Womens sense of emotional well-being was more closely tied to how they felt the faculty treated them,“ she said. “It wasnt so much the
21、 level of contact as whether they felt they were being taken seriously by the professor. If not, it was more dangerous to women than to men.“She added: “And while men who challenged their professors ideas in class had a decline in stress, for women it was associated with a decline in well-being./（分数
22、：49.00）(1).In the survey, “The American Freshman: National Norms Fall 2010“, whats the change of the students who rate themselves as “below average“ in emotional health?A. The percentage of these students fell.B. There was no change to the percentage.C. The percentage declined to the lowest level.D.
23、 The percentage of these students increased.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is said about womens views of their emotional health?A. Women hold positive views of their emotional health.B. Women are getting more pessimistic than men each year.C. Women tend to neglect their emotional health.D. Women are beco
24、ming more positive than men each year.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In what way does the economy put pressures on college students, according to Brian Van Brunt?A. Their parents shoulder huge financial pressures.B. They worry about their loans and career prospect.C. More and more students are arriving on cam
25、pus.D. There is intense competition in the job market.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Why is the question in the annual survey hard to evaluate?A. The question needs personal and subjective judgment.B. It asks students to compare their rating with their peers.C. The question has no connection with students exp
26、eriences.D. It contains a lot of complex psychological factors.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).To some degree, students decline in emotional health may arise from _.A. the inaccurate sense of mental healthB. stresses exerted on them by societyC. pressures they put on themselvesD. the thought of their family bu
27、rden（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).According to Jason Ebbeling, why have first-year students achievement drive ratings been going up?A. They want to be more successful than their parents.B. They have to get into an M. B. A. or Ph.D. program.C. They are not satisfied with minimum wage jobs.D. They feel more pr
28、essure to succeed than in the past.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).When talking about how economy weighs on college students, John Pryor mentioned the highest level of _.A. relationships between classmates B. not getting a summer jobC. parents unemploymentD. financial aid in attending college（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.2
29、.Perry C. Francis believes that to express stress, girls tend to say theyre having a tough time while boys might go out and behave 1.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_3.In terms of the gap between men and women on emotional well-being, Linda Sax believes that one aspect is men tend to engage in leisure and activities
30、 which are 1.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_4.For the influence of faculty in female college students emotional health, Professor Sax found that it is important for women and faculty members to _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. Help the man with his essay.B. As
31、k Sue to rehearse with her.C. Rehearse the lines by herself.D. Memorize her lines by herself.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. She needs more time to get ready for the dinner.B. She thought the dinner was at another time.C. She forgot about the plans she made for dinner.D. She wont be able to go to dinner.（分数
32、：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The man hasnt seen Joan recently.B. The man plans to call Joan soon.C. Joan doesnt know what happened to the book.D. Joan gave the book to the woman.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. She wants to know where Tom heard the stories.B. Shes surprised Tom was so serious last night.C. Tom doesn
33、t usually tell funny stories.D. The stories probably werent true.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. He will lend the woman money to buy a computer.B. The woman should wait a while before buying a computer.C. The woman should find a better way to invest her savings.D. The woman should buy a computer.（分数：7.00）A.
34、B.C.D.(1).A. Do more research before they meet.B. Meet several days before the presentation.C. Change the day of the presentation.D. Try to solve the problems before they meet.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. She wont be a candidate next year.B. She doesnt believe the news.C. The news doesnt upset her.D. The
35、 news will disappoint Mary.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Type the letter as it is.B. Change some wording in his letter.C. Send the letter without typing it.D. Check to make sure his facts are correct.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. He
36、travels to Paris all the time.B. His company is located near Oxford.C. He does his job through the telephone.D. He currently works at home.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Having a large office.B. Free business lunches.C. Having time to take children home from school.D. Keeping all kinds of equipment to hims
37、elf.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He spends minimum time on it.B. He has lunch at three thirty.C. He eats at his office upstairs.D. He contacts colleagues during lunch.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. There are more attractions at home.B. He can make himself more comfortable.C. It is easier for him to stay focused
38、.D. He doesnt think about his kids as much,（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. The victim did something to provoke the shark.B. It is the eighth shark attack in the USA this year.C. An American tourist was attacked by a shark.D. This
39、 shark attack occurred far from the coast.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The sharks.B. Human beings.C. Dead fish.D. Tough weather.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Stop swimming in the whole country.B. Feed the sharks before swimming.C. Go swimming in the middle of the day.D. Avoid swimming in the dead zone.（分数：7.00
40、）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. They rob you of your purse.B. They break into your house.C. They withdraw money from your account.D. They steal your credit card information.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They ca
41、re only when crimes are involved.B. They are eager to catch the thieves.C. They listen to your complaint.D. They feel sorry for your bad luck.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It is easier than thought.B. It is incredibly difficult.C. It is almost impossible.D. It is well-handled.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. By co
42、pying your credit card.B. By stealing your driving license.C. By resorting to online databases and software.D. By hacking into the bank information center.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Find out if patients are abused and try
43、to help them.B. Report abusive husbands of their violent actions.C. Treat the patients in the emergency room.D. Relieve the patients of their mental pressures.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. It is informative.B. It is not practical.C. It is complex.D. It is cutting-edge.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. She hired som
44、eone to rewrite it.B. She came up with some new ideas.C. She shortened the content and used a new style.D. She revised her speech and gave it a new title.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Sell insurance to clients.B. Give h
45、iking trip advice.C. Provide food during the trip.D. Train the hikers physically.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Bringing your favorites is not an option.B. Bananas and tomatoes are preferable.C. You should bring more than you need.D. They should be easy-cooking and appealing to you.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A.
46、Food choices have nothing to do with trash.B. The website will take care of hiking trash.C. Hikers should not leave their trash behind them.D. Smart people do not have to deal with trash.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Everyone has had this experience of losing attention, but probably fe
47、w people understand one of the main reasons why we have this trouble keeping our attention on the speaker. The reason is this: There is a great deal of difference between talking speed and listening speed. The result of this gap is that we have a lot of (36) time to use while listening to a (37) .He
48、re are three mental techniques you can use to keep your (38) on the speaker. First of all, (39) what the speaker has said. Do this after each new point is developed. This (40) summarizing will help you pay attention. Second, try to guess where the speaker is going next. Try to (41) what direction th
49、e speaker is going to take, based on what has already been said. This game you play with yourself arouses your curiosity and helps (42) your attention. Third, question the truth, the (43) , of the speakers words. Keep trying to decide whether you agree or disagree with the speaker on the basis of what you know. Remember, then, to summarize what the speaker has said, (44) .All these tech
