1、大学四级-1895 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)1.Abilities and Good Looks（分数：103.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital AgeDigital technology makes copying and pasting easy, of course. But that is the least of it. The Internet may a
2、lso be redefining how students-who came of age with music file-sharing,Wikipedia and Web-linking-understand the concept of authorship and the singularity of any text or image.“Now we have a whole generation of students whove grown up with information that just seems to be hanging out there in cybers
3、pace and doesnt seem to have an author,“ said Teresa Fishman, director of the Center for Academic Integrity at Clemson University. “Its possible to believe this information is just out there for anyone to take.“Professors who have studied plagiarism (剽窃) do not try to excuse it-many are champions of
4、 academic honesty on their campuses-but rather try to understand why it is so widespread.In surveys from 2006 to 2010 by Donald L. McCabe, a co-founder of the Center for Academic Integrity and a business professor at Rutgers University, about 40 percent of 14,000 undergraduates admitted to copying a
5、 few sentences in written assignments.Perhaps more significant, the number who believed that copying from the Web constitutes “serious cheating“ is declining-to 29 percent on average in recent surveys from 34 percent earlier in the decade.Sarah Brookover,a senior at the Rutgers campus in Camden,N. J
6、., said many of her classmates blithely (无忧无虑地) cut and paste without attribution.“This generation has always existed in a world where media and intellectual property dont have the same gravity,“ said Ms. Brookover, who at 31 is older than most undergraduates. “When youre sitting at your computer, i
7、ts the same machine youve downloaded music with, possibly illegally, the same machine you streamed videos for free that showed on HBO last night.“Ms.Brookover, who works at the campus library, has pondered the differences between researching in the stacks and online. “Because youre not walking into
8、a library, youre not physically holding the article,which takes you closer tothis doesnt belong to me, “ she said. Online,“everything can belong to you really easily.“A University of Notre Dame anthropologist,Susan D. Blum, disturbed by the high rates of reported plagiarism, set out to understand ho
9、w students view authorship and the written word,or “texts“ in Ms. Blums academic language.She conducted her ethnographic (人种学的) research among 234 Notre Dame undergraduates. “Todays students stand at the crossroads of a new way of conceiving texts and the people who create them and who quote them.“
10、she wrote last year in the book My Word !:Plagiarism and College Culture ,published by Cornell University Press.Ms.Blum argued that student writing exhibits some of the same qualities of pastiche (模仿作品) that drive other creative endeavors today-TV shows that constantly reference other shows or rap m
11、usic that samples from earlier songs.She maintains that undergraduates are less interested in cultivating a unique and authentic identity-as their 1960s counterparts were-than in trying on many different personas, which the Web enables with social networking.“If you are not so worried about presenti
12、ng yourself as absolutely unique, then its O. K. if you say other peoples words,its O. K. if you say things you dont believe, its O. K. if you write papers you couldnt care less about because they accomplish the task, which is turning something in and getting a grade,“ Ms. Blum said, voicing student
13、 attitudes. “And its O. K. if you put words out there without getting any credit.“The notion that there might be a new model young person, who freely borrows from the vortex (漩涡) of information to mash up a new creative work, fueled a brief brouhaha (轰动) earlier this year with Helene Hegemann, a Ger
14、man teenager whose best-selling novel about Berlin club life turned out to include passages lifted from others.Instead of offering an abject (怯懦的) apology, Ms. Hegemann insisted, “Theres no such thing as originality anyway,just authenticity.“ A few critics rose to her defense, and the book remained
15、a finalist for a fiction prize (but did not win).That theory does not wash with Sarah Wilensky, a senior at Indiana University, who said that relaxing plagiarism standards “does not foster creativity, it fosters laziness.“Youre not coming up with new ideas if youre grabbing and mixing and matching,“
16、 said Ms. Wilensky, who took aim at Ms. Hegemann in a column in her student newspaper headlined Generation Plagiarism.“It may be increasingly accepted,but there are still plenty of creative people-authors and artists and scholars-who are doing original work,“ Ms. Wilensky said in an interview. “Its
17、kind of an insult that that ideal is gone, and now were left only to make collages (拼贴) of the work of previous generations.“In the view of Ms. Wilensky,whose writing skills earned her the role of informal editor of other students“ papers in her freshman dorm, plagiarism has nothing to do with trend
18、y academic theories.The main reason it occurs, she said, is because students leave high school unprepared for the intellectual rigors of college writing.“If youre taught how to closely read sources and synthesize them into your own original argument in middle and high school, youre not going to be t
19、empted to plagiarize in college, and you certainly wont do so unknowingly,“ she said.At the University of California, Davis, of the 196 plagiarism cases referred to the disciplinary office last year, a majority did not involve students ignorant of the need to credit the writing of others.Many times,
20、 said Donald J. Dudley, who oversees the discipline office on the campus of 32,000, it was students who intentionally copied-knowing it was wrong-who were “unwilling to engage the writing process.“Writing is difficult, and doing it well takes time and practice,“ he said.And then there was a case tha
21、t had nothing to do with a younger generations evolving view of authorship. A student accused of plagiarism came to Mr. Dudleys office with her parents, and the father admitted that he was the one responsible for the plagiarism. The wife assured Mr. Dudley that it would not happen again.（分数：70.00）(1
22、).According to Teresa Fishman,students who have grown up with digital technology tend to believe_.A. they dont need to go to a library to look for informationB. information online is not as reliable as that in the textbooksC. the resources in the libraries are not as abundant as those in cyberspaceD
23、. the information in cyberspace is just out there for anyone to take（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Whats the purpose of the professors who have studied plagiarism?A. To excuse college students plagiarism.B. To understand the reasons for the widespread plagiarism.C. To prevent college students plagiarism.D. To
24、 investigate the severity of plagiarism.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Sarah Brookover, researching in the stacks and online are different because_.A. people do not walk into the library anymoreB. everything can belong to you easily in the libraryC. holding the article brings awareness of authors
25、hipD. you cant use computers to download music in the library（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Why did Susan D. Blum conduct the research among 234 Notre Dame undergraduates?A. She was eager to know the rate of reported plagiarism.B. She was upset about students creative endeavors.C. She wanted to understand how
26、 students view authorship.D. She wanted to collect material for her new book.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to Ms. Blum, undergraduates in the 1960s were more interested in_.A. cultivating a unique and authentic identity B. trying on many different personasC. writing absolutely unique papers D. acco
27、mplishing tasks alone to get credits（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A few critics support Helene Hegemanns viewpoint that_.A. theres neither originality nor authenticity B. there are both originality and authenticityC. theres no originality, just authenticity D. theres no apology for plagiarism（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D
28、.(7).Whats the main reason for college plagiarism according to Ms. Wilensky?A. It is increasingly acceptable for college students to copy and paste.B. Students today are overloaded with information than previous generations.C. Students have forgotten about the ideal of originality and authorship.D.
29、High schools do not prepare their students for rigorous college writing.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).According to Ms. Wilensky,many students in college are plagiarizing_.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).A majority of the 196 plagiarism cases referred to the disciplinary office at the University of California did not inv
30、olve students_the necessity to credit others writing.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Donald J. Dudley once encountered a father who came to his office and admitted_for his daughters plagiarism.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. It is sent to be painted. B. It
31、is sent to be renewed.C. It is lent to a friend. D. It is parked outside.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Read a gas meter. B. Start a car.C. Pump gas for his car. D. Cook some food.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Have a late dinner after the class. B. Have dinner during the break.C. Skip dinner to keep figure. D. B
32、ring the man something to eat.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. It is wanted by many people. B. It still has some candy left over.C. It isnt working right now. D. It is moved out of the hall.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Disappointed. B. Surprised. C. Nervous. D. Uninterested.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He is expecting
33、 good weather. B. Hell need a change of clothes for the picnic.C. Hes not looking forward to attending the picnic. D. Hes looking for a new place to hold the picnic.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The berries are near to the birds. B. The berries arent ripe yet.C. The berries arent good to eat. D. The berri
34、es are eaten by the birds.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. He has no time to go to the gym. B. He is not interested in going there.C. He is eager to see the new gym. D. He knows the gym hasnt been finished.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A.
35、The skills in interviewing applicants. B. The responsibilities of two employees.C. The qualifications of two applicants. D. The arrangements for the coming interview.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He is a little short in academic qualifications. B. He has little experience in management.C. He knows very li
36、ttle about finance. D. He is not very responsible.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. She may present less flexibility in work. B. She may not be passionate about the work.C. She doesnt have knowledge of management. D. She is too old to be capable of the work.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. They decide to employ both a
37、pplicants. B. They decide to fire both employees.C. They will report to their superior for a decision. D. They would arrange an interview.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. It is cheaper. B. It has accessories.C. It has a spare keyb
38、oard. D. It is more versatile.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Switch off the laptop. B. Connect it to the desktop.C. Dim the brightness of the screen. D. Plug in the power cord.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It is confined. B. It looks ugly.C. It is fuU-sized. D. It feels too smooth.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题
39、数：3，分数：70.00)Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）(1).A. He would do things at his own will. B. He couldnt get enough food.C. He often fought with younger kids. D. He was fascinated by trains.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. He was very homesick. B. He wanted to find more
40、 food.C. He didnt like to live with others. D. He was threatened by the others.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. His school education. B. His familys support.C. His life experiences. D. His fellow wanderers help.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. It was true to life. B. It was funny.C. It was fresh. D. It was exaggerati
41、ng.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. Constructing employees working lives in a creative way.B. Decorating the working office in an economic way.C. Creating the management position to motivate employees.D. Changing employees makeup to bo
42、ost productivity.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They have larger families to support. B. They have more caring responsibilities.C. They are facing fiercer competition. D. They have more part-time jobs to choose from.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. It can help them adjust to the retirement gradually.B. It gives the
43、m more time to look after family members.C. It can bring them steady income to support their families.D. It can make them more focused on their responsibilities.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）(1).A. It would make students less prepared and
44、less capable.B. It would make students incapable of completing college.C. It would develop bad habits of study among college students.D. There would be nothing to learn in the 4th year of college.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They were educators themselves. B. They had high credibility.C. They had made an
45、 investigation. D. They had brought the idea into practice.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. The reputations of the two presidents. B. The requirements for getting a 3-year degree.C. The way of improving the reputations of colleges. D. The power of credibility in communication.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数
46、：1，分数：77.00)When people communicate with each other, they exhibit a style that is strongly influenced by their culture. Communicative style refers to several characteristics of conversations between (36) . Naturally,people prefer to use their own communicative styles. (37) about communicative style
47、(38) arise when two people from the same culture are together because their styles (39) agree. Most people-including most Americans-are as (40) of their communicative style as they are of their basic values and assumptions. Foreigners who understand something about the Americans communicative style
48、will be less likely to misinterpret or (41) Americans than will those who dont know the common characteristics of (42) communication among Americans. They will also have a better understanding of some of the (43) Americans have about other nationality groups.(44) . The most common topic of small tal
49、k is the weather. Another very common topic is what the speakers “do“, meaning, normally, what jobs they have. They may discuss their current physical surroundings- (45) . Later, after the preliminaries,Americans may talk about past experiences they both have had, such as watching a particular TV program,seeing a certain movie, or eating at
