1、大学英语六级-240 (1)及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数:5,分数:100.00)1.圆明园圆明园举世闻名,它既展现出传奇般的魅力,又诉说着一段段中国近代史。圆明园占地面积约 350 公顷,规模宏大,景致迷人。青山叠映,建筑精美,树木花卉郁郁葱葱,一片风光如画。只可惜这座“万园之园”未能逃脱西方列强的野蛮摧残,建造者巧夺天工的技艺和园内无数的文化珍宝都惨遭摧毁。昔日的美景和辉煌一去不复返,一代名园最终沦为一片废墟。 (分数:20.00)_2.中国河流中国是世界上河流众多的国家之一。长江是中国最大的河流,也是世界第三长河,仅次于非洲的
2、尼罗河 (the Nile River)和南美洲的 亚马逊河 (the Amazon River)。长江全长约 6397 千米, 流域 (catchment area)总面积达 180 万平方千米。长江中下游地区气候温暖湿润,降雨丰富,土壤肥沃,因而成为重要的农业区。长江有“黄金水道”之称,是连接中国东西部的交通要道。黄河是中国第二大河,全长 5464 千米,流域面积约 79 万平方千米。黄河河谷是中国古代文明的发源地之一,有丰美的牧场和丰富的矿藏。 (分数:20.00)_3.红包文化过年发 红包 (gift money)和收红包是中国传统习俗,寓意祝福和团圆。如今,红包文化在新技术的推动下推
3、陈出新,虽然是源于商业目的,但在效果上契合了网络时代的社交需求。红包文化本身就是图个气氛,现在,这一古老习俗 再生 (revive)于网络,核心体验不在于红包现金的多寡,而在于每个人参与其中营造了过年的气氛,使人们体验了发红包和抢红包的快乐,回归了这份古老习俗的本义。 (分数:20.00)_4.端午节的习俗农历五月初五是端午节,这个节日在中国已有两千多年的历史。端午节起源于对伟大爱国诗人屈原的 纪念 (commemorate)活动。千百年来,人们用吃粽子和赛龙舟这两种形式来庆祝这个节日。粽子是端午节最受欢迎的食物。如今,粽子有各种各样的形状和馅料。赛龙舟是这个节日必不可少的一部分,在河流湖泊众
4、多的南方更是如此。更重要的是,端午节也是一个爱国节日,会提醒人们忠于国家和为国奉献的重要意义。现在,龙舟比赛已经在世界各地流行开来。 (分数:20.00)_5.中国古代文明中国历史上出现了许多杰出的哲学家、思想家、政治家、军事家、科学家和文学艺术家,留下了浩如烟海的文化典籍。春秋战国时期出现的“百家争鸣”局面和老子、孔子等的学说,在世界思想史上占有重要地位。古代中国在许多领域都作出过独特的贡献。中国的医药学在世界上独树一帜。特别是中国的四大发明,曾经改变了世界的面貌。中国人的这些发明创造,体现了人与自然协调发展、科学精神与道德理想相结合的理性光辉。 (分数:20.00)_大学英语六级-240
5、(1)答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数:5,分数:100.00)1.圆明园圆明园举世闻名,它既展现出传奇般的魅力,又诉说着一段段中国近代史。圆明园占地面积约 350 公顷,规模宏大,景致迷人。青山叠映,建筑精美,树木花卉郁郁葱葱,一片风光如画。只可惜这座“万园之园”未能逃脱西方列强的野蛮摧残,建造者巧夺天工的技艺和园内无数的文化珍宝都惨遭摧毁。昔日的美景和辉煌一去不复返,一代名园最终沦为一片废墟。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:Yuanmingyuan is renowned all over the world for its
6、 fabled charm and association with modern Chinese history. Covering an area of about 350 hectares, Yuanmingyuan was grand in scale and charming in scenery. Its green hills and exquisite buildings were laid out with picturesque appeal, and decorated with thriving trees and beautiful flowers. Alas, th
7、e skill of the builders of this historic “Garden of Gardens“ and the cultural treasures contained within it failed to escape the destruction inflicted on China by the western powers. The former beauty and glory no more exist and the entire garden lay in clusters of ruins and debris. 解析 1第一句翻译时,可将“圆明
8、园举世闻名”处理为句子的主干,译为 Yuanmingyuan is renowned all over the world;后面两个句子可用 for 引出,表示原因,并且用 and 连接。 2第二句翻译时,可将“圆明园占地面积约 350 公顷”翻译为现在分词短语 Covering an area of about 350 hectares;句中的“规模宏大,景致迷人”可译为 grand in scale and charming in scenery,使句子结构更加层次分明。 3第三句这样的句子在汉语中很常见,但翻译成英语时很难做到字字对应,翻译起来有一定难度。因此,翻译时要准确领悟原文意思,
9、分清主次,用词准确并合理安排好句子结构,准确地传达出原文的意思。 4第四句中有些信息是重复的,翻译这句话时,可以将信息进行整合,去掉冗余信息,以使译文更凝练。2.中国河流中国是世界上河流众多的国家之一。长江是中国最大的河流,也是世界第三长河,仅次于非洲的 尼罗河 (the Nile River)和南美洲的 亚马逊河 (the Amazon River)。长江全长约 6397 千米, 流域 (catchment area)总面积达 180 万平方千米。长江中下游地区气候温暖湿润,降雨丰富,土壤肥沃,因而成为重要的农业区。长江有“黄金水道”之称,是连接中国东西部的交通要道。黄河是中国第二大河,全长
10、 5464 千米,流域面积约 79 万平方千米。黄河河谷是中国古代文明的发源地之一,有丰美的牧场和丰富的矿藏。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:China is notable in the world for its large number of rivers. The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, and also the third-longest in the world, next only to the Nile River in Africa and the Amazon River in South Ame
11、rica. It is about 6397 km long, with a catchment area of 1.8 million sq. km. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are endowed with warm and humid climate, plentiful rainfall and fertile soil, which makes the area an important agricultural region. Known as “the golden waterway“, the Yang
12、tze River is a transportation artery linking the west and the east of China. The Yellow River, 5464 km in length, is the second-largest river in China and has a catchment area of about 790000 sq. km. The Yellow River Valley, one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese civilization, boasts lush pasture
13、land and abundant mineral deposits. 解析 1首句虽然很短,但不太好译。可以直译成China is one of the countries in the world with a large number of rivers,也可以意译成 China is notable in the world for its large number of rivers。notable 意为“显要的,显著的”。 2第四句中的“长江中下游地区”可以译为 The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,“气候温暖湿润,降雨
14、丰富,土壤肥沃”可分别译为三个并列的名词短语 warm and humid climate, plentiful rainfall 和 fertile soil。 3第五句可以直接译为一个简单句,把“长江是连接中国东西部的交通要道”译成句子的主干部分。“连接中国东西部”可译为现在分词短语作后置定语。“有黄金水道之称”可译为过去分词形式Known as “the golden waterway“,在句中作状语。 4倒数第二句中的“全长 5464 千米”常见译法是:5464 km long,但是这种译法与前面描述长江的翻译重复,故可以译成 5464 km in length,使语言表达更加丰富多样
15、。3.红包文化过年发 红包 (gift money)和收红包是中国传统习俗,寓意祝福和团圆。如今,红包文化在新技术的推动下推陈出新,虽然是源于商业目的,但在效果上契合了网络时代的社交需求。红包文化本身就是图个气氛,现在,这一古老习俗 再生 (revive)于网络,核心体验不在于红包现金的多寡,而在于每个人参与其中营造了过年的气氛,使人们体验了发红包和抢红包的快乐,回归了这份古老习俗的本义。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:Sending and receiving gift money on Spring Festival is a traditional Chinese custo
16、m, symbolizing good wishes and reunion. Nowadays, motivated by new technologies, the old gift money culture is brought forth something new. Although out of commercial purposes, in effect, it meets the social needs in the network era. The gift money culture was designed for activating a festival atmo
17、sphere. Today, the traditional custom has revived on the network. The core experience does not lie in the exact amount of the gift money. Rather, it lies in the fact that everyone is immersed in creating a festival atmosphere, experiences the happiness of sending and competing for gift money and bri
18、ngs the traditional custom back to its nature. 解析 1第一句中的“团圆”是指一家人分开一段时间后重新聚在一起,因此此处应用reunion 而非 union。 2第二句中,“推陈出新”是指从旧的东西里面发展出新的东西,红包文化本身是一种古老的习俗,是旧的东西,因此红包文化的推陈出新是指人们从旧的红包文化发展出新的东西,因此译为 the old gift money culture is brought forth something new。 3第三句中的“图个气氛”是指为了活跃过年的气氛,因此可译为 activating a festival a
19、tmosphere。句中的“红包现金的多寡”指的是“红包现金的数量多或少”,用 amount 一词即可表达出“多寡”这一层意思,因此不需要增译 more or less。4.端午节的习俗农历五月初五是端午节,这个节日在中国已有两千多年的历史。端午节起源于对伟大爱国诗人屈原的 纪念 (commemorate)活动。千百年来,人们用吃粽子和赛龙舟这两种形式来庆祝这个节日。粽子是端午节最受欢迎的食物。如今,粽子有各种各样的形状和馅料。赛龙舟是这个节日必不可少的一部分,在河流湖泊众多的南方更是如此。更重要的是,端午节也是一个爱国节日,会提醒人们忠于国家和为国奉献的重要意义。现在,龙舟比赛已经在世界各地
20、流行开来。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:The Dragon Boat Festival, falling on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, has a history of more than 2000 years in China. It is derived from activities commemorating the great patriotic poet, Qu Yuan. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by eating zongzi
21、 and racing dragon boats. Zongzi is the most popular food for the festival. Today you may see zongzi in different shapes and with a variety of fillings. Dragon boat racing is an indispensable part of the festival, especially in South China where there are many rivers and lakes. More importantly, the
22、 Dragon Boat Festival is also a patriotic festival which reminds people of the importance of loyalty and commitment to the country. Dragon boat races are now popular all over the world. 解析 1翻译第一句时,为使句子层次更加清楚,可用“端午节”作主语,将“农历五月初五”处理为现在分词短语 falling on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month 或非限制性定语从句 wh
23、ich falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month。 2第二句中,“起源于”可以用 is derived from 或 originates from 来表达。对于“对伟大爱国诗人屈原的纪念活动”这种修饰语较长的汉语,英译时可将汉语中的修饰语处理为分词短语或介词短语,作中心名词的后置定语,故可译为 activities commemorating the great patriotic poet, Qu Yuan 或activities in commemoration of the great patriotic poet, Qu Yuan
24、。 3第五句中,“有各种各样的形状和馅料”可以译为 in different shapes and with a variety of fillings。 4第七句中,“忠于国家和为国奉献”可以译为 loyalty and commitment to the country,因为loyalty 和 commitment 后面都可以接介词 to。为使译文更简洁地道,句子层次更清楚,翻译时可将后半句处理为定语从句。5.中国古代文明中国历史上出现了许多杰出的哲学家、思想家、政治家、军事家、科学家和文学艺术家,留下了浩如烟海的文化典籍。春秋战国时期出现的“百家争鸣”局面和老子、孔子等的学说,在世界思想
25、史上占有重要地位。古代中国在许多领域都作出过独特的贡献。中国的医药学在世界上独树一帜。特别是中国的四大发明,曾经改变了世界的面貌。中国人的这些发明创造,体现了人与自然协调发展、科学精神与道德理想相结合的理性光辉。 (分数:20.00)_正确答案:()解析:China has in its history many outstanding philosophers, thinkers, statesmen, strategists, scientists, writers and artists, who have left us numerous volumes of literature.
26、There appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period the scene of “contention of a hundred schools of thought“ and various schools of thought with Lao Zi and Confucius, etc. as their exponents. All of these occupy a very important position in the world history of philosophy.
27、Ancient China has made unique contributions to many areas. The Chinese medicine is a unique school of its own in the world. Particularly, China“s four great inventions have once changed the world. These inventions and creations of China have brought forward the rationalistic brilliance of coordinati
28、on between humanity and the nature as well as the integration of scientific spirit with moral ideals. 解析 1第一句中,后半句是对前半句提到的杰出人物的补充说明,因此可以翻译为非限制性定语从句。“浩如烟海”常用来形容文献、资料等非常丰富,翻译时可不用执意纠结于“烟海”一词,只要能把“丰富”“多”的意思表达出来即可,所以可以译为 numerous volumes of。 2第二句可拆译为两句,后面一句用 All of these 来复指,可避免主语部分过长的问题,更加符合英文习惯。另外,“百家争鸣”的固定译法“contention of a hundred schools of thought”需牢记。 3第四句翻译时需注意“独树一帜”的译法,可以翻译为 a unique school of its own。