1、大学英语六级 137 及答案解析(总分：448.05，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Letter to the Mayor. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 假如你是王玲，请你就社区附近建筑工地的污染问题给市长写一封信，内容应涉及污染情况、给居民带来的不便以及你的建议。
2、 （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)What is a Species? A species of plants or animals, as the term has been generally used by naturalists, comprises all such individuals as are so similar to each other that we may suppose them all to have proceeded from one common parentage, and so dissim
3、ilar from all others that they could not have been reproduced from the others, nor the others produced from them. All we know is, that the plants and animals throughout the world exist in species, each one of which stands at present distinct and isolated wholly apart from all the rest, and one canno
4、t be transformed into another by ordinary generation, through changes of soil and climate, or any other causes whatever known to man, within so short a period as six thousand years. The apple, for instance, is one species, and the pear is another. In many respects they are similar to each other, and
5、 each may be changed by cultivation and by the operation of other causes a great deal, but by no possibility can one be derived from the other. By different modes of cultivation, by different selections of seeds, by changes in soil, and by other such means, a horticulturist (园艺家) may vary the charac
6、ter of his apples very much. He may produce large apples and small apples, sweet apples and sour apples, apples with a skin red, green, yellow, or brown, but he can never produce a pear. The apple, under all its modifications, will remain an apple still. It is the same with animals. Each one is subj
7、ect to a great many modifications in respect to its form, its size, its color, and even it faculties, but through all these changes each one remains entirely within its own bounds, as it were. The distinguishing characteristics of the species remain unchanged. Take for instance, any species of the d
8、og. We may, perhaps, by means of differences of treatment, of food, of climate, or of immediate parentage, buy big dogs and little dogs, weak dogs and strong dogs, gentle dogs and fierce dogs, all proceeding from the same original stock. The Distinction of Species Is Very Permanent Although in the c
9、omparatively short periods of time, by the experiments and observations which have been made, man can not transform one species into another. Such changes may have been effected in longer periods. Now evidence has shown that the various forms of animal and vegetable life which now exist upon the ear
10、th may have proceeded from some common origins, or at least from some moderate number of original types existing in former ages. And, indeed, this may possibly be so. But there seems to be quite satisfactory evidence to prove that the distinction of species is as permanent in respect to the past and
11、 the future, at least for very long periods, as it is decisive at the present time. Evidence of Ancient Records In the first place, we have in Egyptian and Assyrian monuments, many drawings and other representations of plants and animals as they existed then, and even seeds, in some cases, found in
12、the wrappings of Egyptian mummies (木乃伊), all of which show that these plants and animals, and even the races of men, were specifically the same then as now. There have been no changes whatever that blur (模糊，混淆) the limits and bounds by which the different species are separated from each other at the
13、 present day, or confuse the lines of demarcation (界线) in any degree. There is no approach of one type toward another, nor any tendency to such an approach. Between the bird carved upon an Egyptian or Assyrian slab (平板), and its representative at the present day, probably three thousand generations
14、may have intervened, and yet the present living specimen is specifically identical with the delineation of its ancestor. The great comparative anatomist Cuvier examined the mummy of an ibis (朱鹭), from three to four thousand years old, comparing it minutely (细微地) with a living bird of the present day
15、, and found the two specimens in all respects identically the same. There is also a bass-relief from the ruins of Babylon, with a dog represented upon it, which is found by naturalists to be identical with a species of the dog existing in Asia at the present day. Evidence of Fossil Remains But we ha
16、ve still more conclusive evidence than this. It is found in the. fossil remains which exist in the strata of the earth. It also indicates the very great permanence of the characteristics by which different species of plants and animals are distinguished from each other. By means of these, our observ
17、ations upon the forms of vegetable and animal life which have existed upon our globe may be carried back to an immense antiquity (古老) and extended over so vast a number and variety of species. So, as it has always been supposed, we can get all the means of information on this subject that can be des
18、ired. It has been thought to be fully proved by these observations that every species which exists upon the earth remains unchanged so long as it exists. When at length its period has expired, it disappears from the field, while new ones are continually arising to take the place of those that are go
19、ne. But no one passes, by gradations, into any other; and the lines of distinction by which each is separated from all the rest remain sharp and well-defined from the beginning to the end. （分数：71.00）(1).A species of plants or animals includes all such individuals that are similar to each other and h
20、ave proceeded from one common parentage.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The apple and the pear are of one species.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Big dogs and little dogs, weak dogs and strong dogs, gentle dogs and fierce dogs, have been proceeding from different original stocks.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Man can not tra
21、nsform one species into another in the comparatively short periods of time.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Many drawings and other representations of plants and animals in Egyptian and Assyrian monuments show that_.（分数：7.10）_(6).The_ Cuvier examined the mummy of an ibis, comparing it in detail with a living
22、bird of the present day, and found the two specimens in all respects_.（分数：7.10）_(7).It has been proved that every species which exists upon the earth remains unchanged_.（分数：7.10）_(8).All we know is, that the plants and animals_ exist in species.（分数：7.10）_(9).Now evidence has shown that the various f
23、orms of animal and vegetable life which now exist upon the earth may have proceeded_, or at least from some_ number of original types existing in former ages.（分数：7.10）_(10).But no one passes,_, into any other; and the lines of distinction by which each is separated from all the rest remain_ from the
24、 beginning to the end.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.They should meet another time this week.B.She wont be busy this week.C.She is angry that the man doesnt wait for her.D.There wont be another time available for them in this week to meet.A.Try the train ticket instead.B.Book an a
25、ir ticket in advance.C.Wait for others to cancel their booking.D.Buy a ticket at a higher price.A.The library has already chosen some people to work there.B.She is going to give the man a job offer.C.The library is looking for more applicants.D.The man should hurry up.A.He didnt call the hotel in ad
26、vance.B.He will leave immediately.C.He refuses to take the room the hotel offers.D.He dislikes the hotel.A.She goes out for shopping.B.She is a good student.C.She always talks on the phone.D.She is good at cooking.A.He forgets the name of the dentist.B.He also suffers from toothache now.C.He suggest
27、ed the woman to see a dentist a week ago.D.He has been busy all the week.A.Lend the novel to the man.B.Ask Alice to see if she can lend the novel to the man.C.Buy the novel from Alice.D.Visit Alice in the hospital.A.The drama wasnt interesting at all.B.His watch is expensive.C.He had another appoint
28、ment last night.D.The woman should have been there last night.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.The food in the kitchen.B.The TV Programme.C.The roommate of the man.D.The coming exam.A.Because they are not friends.B.Because he failed last exam.C.Because they are not in the same class.D.Because she has ne
29、ver told him about that.A.Because its too late.B.Because he doesnt know her.C.Because she is the best student.D.Because she is a friend of the woman.A.He wants to ask the student to come to class.B.He wants to have a serious talk with the student.C.He wants the student to give him a reason for his m
30、issing.D.He wants to take him to the police.A.6.B.8.C.14.D.A few times.A.The class is funny.B.The class is boring.C.The class is interesting.D.The class is ridiculous.A.Call the police.B.Call his father.C.Fax his father.D.Fax the police.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.A visit to a prison.B.The influenc
31、e of his father.C.A talk with some miserable slaves.D.His experience in the war between France and Austria.A.He sent surgeons to serve in the army.B.He provided soldiers with medical supplies.C.He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded.D.He helped to flee the prisoners of war.A.All men are cre
32、ated equal.B.The wounded and dying should be treated for free.C.A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical treatment.D.A suffering person is entitled to help regardless of race, religion or political beliefs.A.To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war.B.To show Switzerland was
33、 neutral.C.To pay tribute to Switzerland.D.To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support.A.She felt proud.B.She felt satisfied.C.She felt delighted.D.She felt surprised.A.She was asked to call the chairmans wife.B.She was asked to make a copy of English final exam.C.She was ask
34、ed to go to the chairmans wifes office.D.She was asked to retake the final exam.A.Because she was a black girl.B.Because she got the highest average in the class.C.Because she wanted to hit the chairmans wife.D.Because she refused to retake the exam.A.To study the problems of local industries.B.To f
35、ind ways to treat human wastes.C.To investigate the annual catch of fish in the Biramichi River.D.To conduct a study on fishing in the Riramichi River.A.Lack of oxygen.B.Overgrowth of water plants.C.Low water level.D.Serious pollution upstream.A.Theyll be closed down.B.Theyre going to dismiss some o
36、f their employees.C.Theyll be moved to other places.D.They have no money to build chemical treatment plants.A.There were fewer fish in the river.B.Over-fishing was prohibited.C.The local Chamber of Commerce tried to preserve fishes.D.The local fishing cooperative decided to reduce its catch.六、Sectio
37、n C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In controlling your dreams the key words are (36) 1, practice, effort, and (37) 2. In the beginning you may be able to (38) 3some control in your dreams, such as changing the scene or situation, or controlling your own actions, but it will likely take you a while to gain (39) cont
38、rol of your dreams. This is due to the fact that it can be difficult to (40) 4how much force to put into trying to change something. Sometimes the changes will (41) 5easily; other times you may get frustrated if what you want to happen doesnt. It is (42) 6that you dont allow yourself to become too (
39、43) 7or frustrated with your attempts at dream control because if you do youll likely wake yourself up. In order to be successful at changing your dreams you have to believe it is possible. If youre trying to do something in your dream that you dont really believe is possible, then chances are you w
40、ill fail. (44) 8. Since too much force will simply cause you to awaken, begin by calmly trying to change aspects of your dreamjust think about what you want to change, and try to picture it happening. For instance, you could imagine a bolt of electricity flying out of your hand, or even something mu
41、ch simpler like a giant sundae materializing before you. (45) 9. If your attempts dont work, try changing something else. If still your efforts at dream control are futile, (46) 10. （分数：10.01）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数
42、：177.00)The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanatio
43、n as simple as possible, suppose science is. defined as classified knowledge (facts). Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference
44、is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited (使不相信). The exact status of any explanation should be clearly
45、 labeled to avoid confusion. The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field o
46、f biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science. Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only
