1、大学英语六级 167 及答案解析(总分：428.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Does Grades Mean Ability? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. Some people think that grades is the way to show o
2、nes ability. 2. Others hold that grades may not necessarily mean ability. 3. Your opinion. （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Natural gas Vehicles Kermit the Frog once said, “Its not that easy beingreen.“ Although he wasnt referring to cars, his observation seems particularly appropriate
3、for the auto industry today: Designing, developing and marketing “green“ cars has not been an easy task, which is why gasoline powered vehicles still rule the road and fossil fuels still account for almost 75 percent of the worlds energy consumption. As gasoline prices soar and concern over harmful
4、emission mounts, however, cars that run on alternate fuel sources will become increasingly important. A natural-gas vehicle, or NGV, is the perfect example of such a carits fuel-efficient, environmentally friendly and offers a relatively low cost of ownership. Natural Gas Basics The word “gas“ is a
5、confusing term because it is used to describe many different substances that are similar but not exactly the same. For example, the “gas“ you put in your car is gasoline, one component of crude oil, or petroleum. Petroleum is a dark, sticky liquid mixture of compounds formed underground by the decay
6、 of ancient marine animals. Natural gas also comes from the decay of ancient organisms, but it naturally takes a gaseous form instead of a liquid form. Natural gas commonly occurs in association with crude oil. It is derived from both land plants and aquatic (水生的) organic matter and forms above or b
7、elow oil deposits. It is often dissolved in crude oil at the high pressures existing in a reservoir. There are also reservoirs of natural gas, known as non-associated gas, that contain only gas and no oil. Natural gas consists primarily of methane (沼气) and other hydrocarbon gases. Hydrocarbons are o
8、rganic compounds composed only of the elements carbon and hydrogen. The hydrocarbons in natural gas are called saturated hydrocarbons because they contain hydrogen and carbon bound together by single bonds. Like gasoline, natural gas is combustible (易燃的), which means it can be used in a combustion e
9、ngine like gasoline. But cars that could burn natural gas didnt appear on the scene until the 1930s. From Field to Ford We extract natural gas trapped in underground reservoirs by drilling wells into the earth. A modern well, equipped with diamond-studded drill bits, can drill to depths approaching
10、25,000 feet. Throughout the 19th century, the use of natural gas remained localized because there was ho way to transport large quantities of gas over long distances. In 1890, the invention of a Teak-proof pipeline coupling made it possible to transport gas miles from the source. Improvements in pip
11、eline technology continued over the next two decades until long-distance gas transmission became practical. From 1927 to 1931, laborers constructed more than 10 major natural gas transmission systems in the United States, making natural gas viable energy source for many applications. The oil shortag
12、es of the late 1960s and early 1970s “brought renewed interest in natural gas as a fuel source, especially for automobiles! Today, owners of natural-gas vehicles can fill up their cars at one of 1,300 fueling stations located in the United States. Honda also offers a personal natural gas pump to peo
13、ple who purchase its natural-gas-powered Civic. The pump uses a homes existing natural gas lines and can be installed for $500 to $1500. Natural-gas Vehicle Design Natural-gas vehicles use the same basic principles as gasoline-powered vehicles. In other words, the fuel (natural gas in this case) is
14、mixed with air in the cylinder of a four-stroke engine and then ignited by a spark plug to move a piston(活塞) up and down. Although there are some differences between natural gas and gasoline in terms of flammability and ignition temperatures. NGVs themselves operate on the same fundamental concepts
15、as gasoline-powered vehicles. Still, some modifications are required to make an NGV work efficiently. These changes are primarily in the fuel storage tank, the engine and the chassis (底盘). Advantages The biggest advantage of NGVs is that they reduce environmentally harmful emissions. Natural-gas veh
16、icles can achieve up to a 93 percent reduction in carbon monoxide emissions, 33 percent reduction in emissions of various oxides of nitrogen and a 50 percent reduction in reactive hydrocarbons when compared to gasoline vehicles. NGVs also rate higher in particulate matter 10 (PM10) emissions. PM10 p
17、articles transport and deposit toxic materials through the air. NGVs that operate in diesel applications can reduce PM10 emissions by a factor of 10. Natural-gas vehicles also offer these benefits: NGVs are safer. The fuel storage tanks on an NGV are thicker and stronger than gasoline or diesel tank
18、s. There has not been an NGV fuel-tank rupture in more than two years in the United States. Natural gas costs are lower than gasoline. On average, natural gas costs one-third less than gasoline at the pump. Natural gas is convenient and abundant. A well-established pipeline infrastructure exists in
19、the United States to deliver natural gas to almost every urban area and most suburban areas. There are more than 1 ,300 NGV fueling stations in the United States, and more are being added every day. Natural gas prices have exhibited significant stability compared to oil prices. Historically, natural
20、 gas prices have exhibited significant price stability compared to the prices of petroleum-based fuels. This stability makes it easier to plan accurately for long-term costs. NGVs have lower maintenance costs. Because natural gas burns so cleanly, it results in less wear and tear on the engine and e
21、xtends the time between tune-ups and oil changes. Disadvantages One of the biggest complaints about NGVs is that they arent as roomy as gasoline cars. This is because NGVs have to give up precious cargo and trunk space to accommodate the fuel storage cylinders. Not only that, these cylinders can be
22、expensive to design and builda contributing factor to the higher overall costs of a Natural-gas vehicle compared to a gasoline-powered car. Another drawback is the limited driving range of NGVs, which is typically about half that of a gasoline-powered vehicle. For example, Hondas natural gas Civic,
23、the Civic GX, can go up to 220 miles without refueling. A typical gasoline-powered Civic can go approximately 350 miles without refueling. If a dedicated NGV ran out of fuel on the road, it would have to be towed to the owners home or to a local natural gas refueling station, which might be harder t
24、o find than a “regular“ gas station. Finally, it should be noted that natural gas, like gasoline, is a fossil fuel and cannot be considered a renewable resource. While natural gas reserves in the United States are still considerable, they are not inexhaustible. Some predict that there are enough nat
25、ural gas reserves remaining to last another 67.1 years, assuming that the 2003 level of production continues. （分数：71.00）(1).This passage explains the basic idea of natural gas and compares the performances of different types of NGVs.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The basic principles applied to natural-gas
26、vehicles are quite different from those applied to gasoline-powered vehicles.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).More and more people are found of NGVs because they help reduce deaths in car accidents to a great degree.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The price of natural gas is cheaper and more stable than that of gasoli
27、ne.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Often associated with crude oil, natural gas is principally made up of 1 and other hydrocarbon gases.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(6).NGVs arent as roomy as gasoline cars because they have to give up cargo and trunk space to accommodate the 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(7).Both natural gas and gas
28、oline are 1 and thus neither can be considered renewable.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(8).During the 19th century, natural gas was used on a local scale because of the difficult situation in 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Natural gas trapped in underground reservoirs is extracted by 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).People resumed
29、their interest in natural gas as a fuel as a result of 1of the late 1960s and early 1970s.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Looking for a new job.B.Taking a suburban excursion.C.Looking for an apartment.D.Asking the man to do her a favor.A.8. 5 hours.B.7. 5 hours.C.8 hours.D.9
30、hours.A.Change the walls color.B.Rearrange the furniture.C.Buy some fine furniture.D.Hang some pictures.A.He may see Alan in Italy.B.He was looking for Alan in the library.C.Hes not sure which way to go.D.He may have made a mistake.A.Wait for the lecture to begin.B.Go immediately to their seats.C.Ge
31、t something to drink first.D.Sit down and enjoy the lecture.A.He doesnt think hell do that.B.He finds it easy to do that.C.He has no time to do that.D.He can help her.A.She doesnt need an umbrella.B.She left her umbrella in the car.C.She can hold her umbrella over the mans head.D.Shes the only one w
32、ho doesnt have an umbrella.A.Its too windy.B.The people there are terrible.C.The air is polluted.D.The beaches are dirty.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Headache.B.Earache.C.Toothache.D.Stomachache.A.Seafood.B.Roast beef.C.Ice-cream.D.Pancake.A.Dont eat any food for dinner.B.Dont be worry.C.Avoid oily
33、food for the next few days.D.Should stay in hospital.A.Find his glasses.B.Sit up straight.C.Finish his project.D.Get enough rest.A.Experimental medicines.B.Special treatment centers.C.Flexible working schedule.D.Innovative physical exercises.A.Buy a new watch.B.Go to bed earlier.C.See a doctor.D.Cha
34、nge his job.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)A.The largest sea creatures ever known.B.Fish living in shallow waters.C.Plant-eating land animals.D.Meat-eating land animals.A.Waters off a level coast.B.The forest areas near the sea.C.The areas near the mouths of rivers.D.Both A and C.A.To escape from their
35、enemies.B.To catch more food.C.To use their developing flippers.D.To swim.A.From Land Animal to King of the SeaB.The Food of the WhaleC.The Whales Ancient AncestorD.How Whales Catch FoodA.To find out whether they take music lessons in their spare time.B.To find out whether they can name four differe
36、nt musical instruments.C.To find out whether they enjoy playing musical instruments in school.D.To find out whether they differ in their preference for musical instruments.A.They find them too hard to play.B.They think it silly to play them.C.They find it not challenging enough to play them.D.They c
37、onsider it important to be different from girls.A.Children who have private music tutors.B.Children who are 8 or older.C.Children who are between 5 and 7.D.Children who are well-educated.A.The name of a German town.B.A resident of Frankfurt.C.A kind of German sausage.D.A kind of German bread.A.He so
38、ld fast food.B.He raised dogs.C.He was a cook.D.He was a cartoonist.A.Because the Americans found they were from Germany.B.Because people thought they contained dog meat.C.Because people had to get used to their taste.D.Because it was too hot to eat right away.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When somebod
39、y calls, first of all, the host would offer him a cigarette and a cup of tea. In the countryside, (36) 1, old men used to share with the visiting guests the long-stemmed Chinese pipe which they themselves were smoking. At wedding (37) 2, brides would offer cigarettes to all the guests who came to ex
40、press their (38) 3and light the cigarettes for each of them one after another. All these were originally aimed at (39) 4the Chinese hospitality and respect toward the guests, but in recent years, the old tradition has been used as a means to (40) 5good relations. Even those who never smoke have (41)
41、 6cigarettes in their pockets. Whenever they have to seek somebody s (42) 7, they usually first offer him a cigarette. If the other (43) 8 turns it down, he is being impolite. (44) 9. But neither people who offer cigarettes nor those who take them fully realize it. (45) 10. Once I paid a visit to re
42、lative. (46) 11. Instead, he placed the cigarette packet on the table and told me, “Cigarettes produce carbon monoxide and nicotine. But if you dont mind this, take it yourself.“ His way of offering cigarettes was unique but worth learning. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
43、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)The most noticeable trend among todays media companies is vertical integration an attempt to control severed related aspects of the media business at once, each part helping the other. Besides publishing magazines and books, Time War
44、ner, for example, owns Home Box Office (HBO), Warner movie studios, various cable TV systems throughout the United States and CNN as well. The Japanese company Matsushita owns MCA Records and Universal Studios and manufactures broadcast production equipment. To describe the financial status of today
45、s media is also to talk about acquisitions. The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers and forming media groups to position themselves in the marketplace to maintain and increase their profits. In 1986 ,the first time a broadcast network had been sold, two networks were sol
46、d that year ABC and NBC. Media acquisitions have skyrocketed since 1980 for two reasons. The first is that most big corporations today are publicly traded companies, which means that their stock is traded on one of the nation stock exchanges. This makes acquisitions relatively easier. A media compan
47、y that wants to buy a publicly owned company can buy that companys stock when the stock becomes available. The open availability of stock in these companies means that anybody with enough money can invest in the American media industries, which is exactly how Rupert Murdoch joined the media business
48、. The second reason for the increase in media alliances is that beginning in 1980,the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)gradually deregulated the broadcast media. Before 1980, for example, the FCC allowed one company to own only five TV stations, five AM radio stations, and five FM radio stations; companies also are required to hold onto a station for three years before the station could be sold. The post-1980 FCC eliminated the three-year rule and rais
