1、大学英语六级 186及答案解析(总分：448.01，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below. 1. Interview is very important to stud
2、ents. 2. How to succeed in a job interview? a) Be very well prepared. b) Must pay much attention to your appearance. （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The most obvious difference between real essays and the things one has to write in school is that real essays are not exclusively about E
3、nglish literature. Certainly schools should teach students how to write. But due to a series of historical accidents the teaching of writing has gotten mixed together with the study of literature. And so all over the country students are writing not about how a baseball team with a small budget migh
4、t compete with the Yankees, or the role of color in fashion, or what constitutes a good dessert, but about symbolism in Dickens. How did things get this way? To answer that we have to go back almost a thousand years. Around 1100, Europe at last began to catch its breath after centuries of chaos, and
5、 once they had the luxury of curiosity they rediscovered what we call “the classics.“ The effect was rather as if we were visited by beings from another solar system. These earlier civilizations were so much more sophisticated that for the next several centuries the main work of European scholars, i
6、n almost every field, was to assimilate what they knew. During this period the study of ancient texts acquired great prestige. It seemed the essence of what scholars did. As European scholarship gained momentum it became less and less important; by 1350 someone who wanted to learn about science coul
7、d find better teachers than Aristotle in his own era. But schools change slower than scholarship. In the 19th century the study of ancient texts was still the backbone of the curriculum. What tipped the scales, at least in the US, seems to have been the idea that professors should do research as wel
8、l as teach. This idea was imported from Germany in the late 19th century. Beginning at Johns Hopkins in 1876, the new model spread rapidly. Writing was one of the casualties. Colleges had long taught English composition. But how do you do research on composition? The professors who taught math could
9、 be required to do original math, the professors who taught history could be required to write scholarly articles about history, but what about the professors who taught rhetoric or composition? What should they do research on? The closest thing seemed to be English literature. And so in the late 19
10、th century the teaching of writing was inherited by English professors. This had two drawbacks: (a) an expert on literature need not himself be a good writer, any more than an art historian has to be a good painter, and (b) the subject of writing now tends to be literature, since thats what the prof
11、essor is interested in. Its no wonder if this seems to the student a pointless exercise, because we re now three steps removed from real work: the students are imitating English professors, who are imitating classical scholars, who are merely the inheritors of a tradition growing out of what was, 70
12、0 years ago, fascinating and urgently needed work. The other big difference between a real essay and the things they make you write in school is that a real essay doesnt take a position and then defend it. That principle, like the idea that we ought to be writing about literature, turns out to be an
13、other intellectual hangover of long forgotten origins. Its often mistakenly believed that medieval universities were mostly seminaries. In fact they were more law schools. And at least in our tradition lawyers are advocates, trained to take either side of an argument and make as good a case for it a
14、s they can. Whether cause or effect, this spirit pervaded early universities. The study of rhetoric, the art of arguing persuasively, was a third of the undergraduate curriculum. And after the lecture the most common form of discussion was the disputation. This is at least nominally preserved in our
15、 present-day thesis defense: most people treat the words thesis and dissertation as interchangeable, but originally, at least, a thesis was a position one took and the dissertation was the argument by which one defended it. Defending a position may be a necessary evil in a legal dispute, but its not
16、 the best way to get at the truth, as I think lawyers would be the first to admit. Its not just that you miss subtleties this way. The real problem is that you cant change the question. And yet this principle is built into the very structure of the things they teach you to write in high school. The
17、topic sentence is your thesis, chosen in advance, the supporting paragraphs the blows you strike in the conflict, and the conclusion uh, what is the conclusion? I was never sure about that in high school. It seemed as if we were just supposed to restate what we said in the first paragraph, but in di
18、fferent enough words that no one could tell. Why bother? But when you understand the origins of this sort of “essay,“ you can see where the conclusion comes from. Its the concluding remarks to the jury. Good writing should be convincing, certainly, but it should be convincing because you got the rig
19、ht answers, not because you did a good job of arguing. When I give a draft of an essay to friends, there are two things I want to know: which parts bore them, and which seem unconvincing. The boring bits can usually be fixed by cutting. But I dont try to fix the unconvincing bits by arguing more cle
20、verly. The sort of writing that attempts to persuade may be a valid (or at least inevitable) form, but its historically inaccurate to call it an essay. An essay is something you write to try to figure something out. Figure out what? You dont know yet. And so you cant begin with a thesis, because you
21、 dont have one, and may never have one. An essay doesnt begin with a statement, but with a question. In a real essay, you dont take a position and defend it. You notice a door thats ajar, and you open it and walk in to see whats inside. In the things you write in school you are, in theory, merely ex
22、plaining yourself to the reader. In a real essay you re writing for yourself. You re thinking out loud. Questions arent enough. An essay has to come up with answers. They dont always, of course. Sometimes you start with a promising question and get nowhere. But those you dont publish. Those are like
23、 experiments that get inconclusive results. An essay you publish ought to tell the reader something he didnt already know. But what you tell him doesnt matter, so long as its interesting. I m sometimes accused of meandering. In defend-a-position writing that would be a flaw. There you re not concern
24、ed with truth. You already know where you re going, and you want to go straight there, blustering through obstacles, and hand-waving your way across swampy ground (沼泽地). But that* s not what you re trying to do in an essay. An essay is supposed to be a search for truth. It would be suspicious if it
25、didnt meander. Like a river that must flow down at each step, for the essayist this translates to: flow interesting. Of all the places to go next, choose the most interesting. Of course, this doesnt always work. Sometimes, like a river, one runs up against a wall. Then I do the same thing the river
26、does: backtrack. At one point in this essay I found that after following a certain thread I ran out of ideas. I had to go back seven paragraphs and start over in another direction. Fundamentally an essay is a train of thought but a cleaned-up train of thought, as dialogue is cleaned-up conversation.
27、 Real thought, like real conversation, is full of false starts. It would be exhausting to read. You need to cut and fill to emphasize the central thread, like an illustrator inking over a pencil drawing. But dont change so much that you lose the spontaneity of the original. Err on the side of the ri
28、ver. An essay is not a reference work. Its not something you read looking for a specific answer, and feel cheated if you dont find it. I d much rather read an essay that went off in an unexpected but interesting direction than one that plodded dutifully along a prescribed course. （分数：71.00）(1).Real
29、essay is confined to only English literature.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The idea that professors should do research as well as teach was imported from Germany in the late 19th century.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).An expert on literature himself must be a good writer, just as an art historian has to be a good
30、painter.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Good writing should be convincing, certainly, but it should be convincing because you did a good job of arguing, not because you got the right answers.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).The teaching of writing has gotten mixed together with the study of literature because of_.（分数：
31、7.10）_(6).As schools change slower than scholarship, in the 19th century_was still the backbone of the curriculum.（分数：7.10）_(7).English professors are imitating Classical scholars, who are merely the inheritors of a tradition growing out of what was, 700 years ago, fascinating and urgently needed wo
32、rk.（分数：7.10）_(8).Medieval universities were more law schools rather than_as we mistakenly believed.（分数：7.10）_(9).When the author gives a draft of an essay to his friends, he wants to make sure two things:_.（分数：7.10）_(10).The indication of a river that must flow down at each step for the essayist is_
33、分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B.She can help with the orientation program.C.She is not sure she can pass on the message.D.She will certainly try to contact Thomas.A.Set the dinner table.B.Change the light bulb.C.Clean the dining room.D.Hol
34、d the ladder for him.A.Hed like a piece of pie.B.Hed like some coffee.C.Hed rather stay in the warm room.D.Hes just had dinner with his friends.A.He has managed to sell a number of cars.B.He is contented with his current position.C.He might get fired.D.He has lost his job.A.Tonys secretary.B.Pauls g
35、irlfriend.C.Pauls colleague.D.Tonys wife.A.He was fined for running a red light.B.He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C.He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D.He made a wrong turn at the intersection.A.He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B.He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C.He
36、 finds reward more effective than punishment.D.He thinks it important to master basic training skills.A.At a bookstore.B.At the dentists.C.In a restaurant.D.In the library.A.He doesnt want Jenny to get into trouble.B.He doesnt agree with the womans remark.C.He thinks Jennys workload too heavy at col
37、lege.D.He believes most college students are running wild.A.It was applaudable.B.It was just terrible.C.The actors were enthusiastic.D.The plot was funny enough.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Its only open to poetry majors.B.It requires another course first.C.Its already full.D.Its only offered in the
38、 morning.A.The class meets during his working hours.B.The class is too far away.C.He has another class at the same time.D.Hes already familiar with the material.A.Its courses cost less.B.It has a pool.C.The class size is smaller.D.It may offer the course he needs during the day.A.On the line.B.On th
39、e plane.C.In the restaurant.D.In the police officeA.14 Spring Vale.B.40 Spring WellC.14 Spring Well.D.40 Spring Vale.A.Leave the ladder around.B.Cancel the milk.C.Not to tell others including the neighbors shes away.D.Not to cancel the paper.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.The 88th floor, north tower.B
40、The 78th floor, north tower.C.The 88th floor, south tower.D.The 78th floor, south tower.A.He was a relative of the speakers.B.He was a friend of the speakers.C.He eventually made his way out of the building.D.He worked in the south tower of the World Trade Center.A.The firemen came up and stopped t
41、hem.B.There were a great many people there and they came to a complete stop.C.They were told to stop to make way for the fire fighters.D.They had to help the firemen carry the heavy equipment.A.During the journey down, many people showed care and concern for others.B.It took the speaker much longer
42、than the others to escape from the building because he had an artificial leg.C.The building collapsed immediately after the speaker got out.D.Many people died because they got trapped in elevators.A.How to resolve personal problems.B.How to become a millionaire.C.How to manage your money.D.How to su
43、cceed in career.A.You will get everything you want.B.You will become a man in life.C.You neednt ask for help any more.D.You will become a millionaire.A.Because modern life is more difficult to deal with.B.Because people have more free time to spend than before.C.Because people have more problems tha
44、n before.D.Because People have more choices to make than before.A.No fuel.B.Ice on the wing.C.Engine trouble.D.No food.A.New England.B.Britain.C.Newfoundland.D.Alaska.A.Only one.B.Two.C.Three.D.More than three.A.Many hours.B.One full day.C.Two full days.D.Three full days.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A
45、merican money can be quite (36) 1. The bills or paper money are all the same color and (37) 2. One has to look carefully to be sure he is giving out a $ 1 bill and not a $ 10 bill, for example. Furthermore, new bills (38) 3 together easily. Be sure this does not happen to you. Coins are also . This
46、is partly because some of them have two names, partly because the does not (39) 4the value. The ten-cent coin is smaller than the five-cent coin, for example. In addition all coins are (40) 5except for the penny (one cent) which is brown color or copper colored. 1 cent, or penny, is the coin of smal
47、lest value, equal to 1/100 of a dollar. It is useful for some parking (41) 6and some sales taxes but a penny does not buy very much! Five pennies are equal to one (42) 7. A coin of 10 cents, the smallest in of all the coins, is one of the most useful. It is used for pay-phones, buying newspapers, coin-operated machines, and some bus (43) 8. The 25 cent coin, or quarter, is larger than the but is easily mi
