1、大学英语六级 220 及答案解析(总分：448.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My View on Traveling. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline given below: 1许多人喜欢旅游，不同的旅游者有不同的感受。 2我喜欢不喜
2、欢旅游，是因为 （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Will the World Remember Disney or Plato? Significant Worldwide Influence of American Culture LONDONDown in the mall, between the fast-food joint and the bagel shop, a group of young people huddles in a flurry of baggy combat pants, skateboards, a
3、nd slang. They size up a woman teetering past wearing DKNY, carrying Time magazine in one hand and a latte in the other. She brushes past a guy in a Yankees baseball cap who is talking on his Motorola cellphone about the Martin Scorsese film he saw last night. Its a standard American sceneonly this
4、isnt America, its Britain. U.S. culture is so pervasive that the scene could be played out in any one of dozens of cities. As a global superpower, America exports its culture on an unprecedented scale. From music to media, film to fast food, language to literature and sport, the American idea is spr
5、eading inexorably (不可阻挡地), not unlike the influence of empires that preceded it. The difference is that todays technology flings culture to every corner of the globe with blinding speed. If it took two millenniums for Platos “Republic“ to reach North America, the latest hit from Justin Timberlake ca
6、n be found in Greek (and Japanese) stores within days. Sometimes, U.S. ideals get transmittedsuch as individual rights, freedom of speech, and respect for womenand local cultures are enriched. At other times, materialism or worse becomes the message and local traditions get crushed. “The U.S. has be
7、come the most powerful, significant world force in terms of cultural imperialism and expansion,“ says Ian Ralston, American studies director at Liverpool John Moores University. “The areas that particularly spring to mind are Hollywood, popular music, and even literature.“ But what some call “McDomi
8、nation“ has created a backlash (强烈反应) in certain cultures. And its not clear whether fast food, Disney, or rocknroll will change the world the way Homer or Shakespeare has. Hollywood rules the global movie market, with up to 90 percent of audiences in some European countries. Even in Africa, two of
9、three films shown are American. Few countries have yet to be touched by McDonalds and Coca-Cola. Starbucks recently opened up a new front in South America, and everyones got a Hard Rock Caf T-shirt from somewhere exotic. West Indian sports enthusiasts increasingly watch basketball, not cricket. Base
10、ball has long since taken root in Asia and Cuba. And Chinese young people are becoming more captivated by American football and basketball, some even printing the names of NBA stars on their school sweatsuits. American English is the language of choice for would-be pop stars in Europe, software prog
11、rammers in India, and Internet surfers everywhere. Americas preeminence is hardly surprising. Superpowers have throughout the ages sought to perpetuate their way of life: from the philosophy and mythology of the ancient Greeks to the law and language of the Romans; from the art and architecture of t
12、he Tang Dynasty and Renaissance Italy to the sports and systems of government of the British. “Most empires think their own point of view is the only correct point of view,“ says Robert Young, an expert in postcolonial cultural theory at Oxford University. “Its the certainty they get because of the
13、power they have, and they expect to impose it on everyone else.“ Threats of American Cultural Domination Detractors of cultural imperialism argue, however, that cultural domination poses a totalitarian threat to diversity. In the American case, “McDomination“ poses several dangers. First, local indu
14、stries are truly at risk of extinction because of U.S. oligopolies (寡头卖主垄断), such as Hollywood. For instance in 2000, the European Union handed out one billion euros to subsidise (资助) Europes film industry. Even the relatively successful British movie industry has no control over distribution, which
15、 is almost entirely in the hands of the Hollywood majors. Second, political cultures are being transformed by the personality-driven American model in countries as far-reaching as Japan and the Philippines. Finally, U.S. domination of technologies such as the Internet and satellite TV means that, in
16、creasingly, America monopolizes the view people get of the world. According to a recent report for the U.N. Conference on Trade and Development, 13 of the top 14 Internet firms are American. No. 14 is British. “You have to know English if you want to use the Internet,“ says Andre Kaspi, a professor
17、at the Sorbonne in Paris. A main problem is that culture is no longer a protected species, but subject to the inexorable drive for free trade, says Joost Smiers, a political science professor at the Utrecht School of the Arts. This means that it is increasingly difficult for countries to protect the
18、ir own industries. France tries to do so with subsidies, while South Korea has tried quotas. Such “protectionist“ tactics meet with considerable U.S. muscle, Dr. Smiers says. “Americas aggressive cultural policy. hinders national states from regulating their own cultural markets,“ he says. “We shoul
19、d take culture out of the WTO.“ Resistance to American Cultural Influence A backlash is being felt in certain places. In Japan, locals have taken U.S. ideas like hip-hop and fast food, and given them a Japanese twist, says Dominic Al-Badri, editor of Kansai Time Out. In Germany, there is still stron
20、g resistance to aspects of U.S. pop culture, though there is an appetite for its intellectual culture, says Gary Smith, director of the American Academy in Berlin. In France, resistance is growing partly because of frustrations over the Iraq warbut partly because Americanization is already so advanc
21、ed in the country, says Mr. Kaspi. France has repeatedly tried to mandate the use of French language in official capacities to check the advance of English. “But most of the time, the law is impossible to apply, because if you want to be understood around the world you have to speak English,“ Kaspi
22、says. In the Philippines, even the best U.S. ideals have caused complications. “The pervasive American influence has saddled us with two legacies,“ notes respected local commentator Antonio C. Abaya. “American-style elections, which require the commitment of massive financial resources, which have t
23、o be recouped (偿还) and rolled over many times, which is the main source of corruption in government; and American-style free press in which media feel free to attack and criticize everything that the government does or says, which adds to disunity and loss of confidence in government.“ Meanwhile, fo
24、r all the strength of the U.S. movie industry, sometimes a foreign film resonates more with a local audience than a Hollywood productionand outperforms it. For instance, Japans “Spirited Away“ (2001) remains the top-grossing film in that country, surpassing global Hollywood hits like Titanic“. In ad
25、dition, British TV has influenced and served up competition to U.S. shows, spawning such hits as “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?“, “The Weakest Link“, and “American Idol“. 4,000 Years from Now So how much good does American culture bring to the world? And how long will it last? Ian Ralston cautions
26、against sweeping dismissals of U.S. pop culture. British television may be saturated (充满) with American sitcoms and movies, but while some are poor, others are quite good, he says. “British culture has always been enriched by foreign influences. In some ways American culture and media have added to
27、that enrichment.“ Others note that it is not all one-way traffic. America may feast largely on a diet of homegrown culture, but it imports modestly as well: soccer, international cuisine, Italian fashion, and, increasingly, British television. As to the question of durability, some experts believe U
28、.S. domination of communication channels makes it inevitable that its messages will become far more entrenched than those of previous empires. “The main difference now in favor of American culture is the importance of technologytelephone, Internet, films, all that did not exist in ancient Greece,“ K
29、aspi says. “American influence is growing. Its so easy to get access to U.S. culture; there are no barriers.“ “Disney is known worldwide now,“ he adds. “Plato is more and more unknown, even in Greece.“ But not everyone thinks American culture will stand the test of time. “It remains to be seen wheth
30、er the Monkees and Bee Gees are as durable as Plato,“ says Professor Young, with a dab of irony. “Lets have another look in 4,000 years time.“ （分数：71.00）(1).As a superpower, America spreads its culture to nearly every corner of the world.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Fast food, Disney, and pop music will c
31、hange the world in the same way as Plato and Shakespeare have.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).When the American model goes into other countries, people always welcome the changes.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).American culture and media, in some ways, have helped to enrich German culture.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Detra
32、ctors of cultural imperialism think that cultural domination endangers 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(6).A main problem with culture is that it is subject to free trade and is no longer a 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(7).The growing resistance to American culture in France results from the frustrations over Iraq war and 1
33、.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(8).America also borrows culture from other countries therefore its influence is not a 1 traffic.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).The key that U.S. holds to spread its culture across the world is its domination of 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).Not all people think American culture will be durable enoug
34、h to meet 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.The man should try to be more understanding.B.The mans wife should be more understanding.C.The mans negative attitude may be derived from his childhood.D.The pessimism of mans wife may be the result of her past experiences.A.Whether
35、 the woman needs his help.B.Whether the woman has any pets.C.Where the woman is going.D.Whether the woman can take care of his pet.A.Mary earned the prize.B.Mary has granted the prize.C.Mary fails in the speech contest.D.Mary shouldnt earn the prize.A.It does not concern John.B.John does not care ab
36、out his car.C.John will help him fix the car.D.He wants John to fix the car.A.No one knows how Mary gets to work.B.She doesnt think the record player works.C.She throws the old record away.D.Its surprising that Mary could repair the record player.A.She didnt go to work this morning.B.She was injured
37、 and had to go to the hospitalC.She talked with the boss in the morning.D.The traffic delayed her.A.She loves her present work.B.She is going to open a store.C.She is about to retire.D.She works in a repair shop.A.She is against the mans plan.B.She thinks it needs a lot of money.C.They need some tim
38、e to think about it.D.Its good for his career development.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Someone took his suitcase by mistake.B.He left his suitcase in the trunk of a taxi.C.Someone stole his suitcase at the railway station,D.He lost all his important documents including his train ticket.A.Report the
39、incident to the police.B.Wait for the person who had taken his suitcase to come back.C.Try to contact the taxi driver.D.Report the incident to the Railway Information desk.A.Friends.B.Police and thief.C.Teacher and student.D.Tourist and guide.A.Honest.B.Careful.C.Stupid.D.Worried.A.She felt embarras
40、sed in class.B.Her presentation received a poor grade.C.She had not completed her assignment.D.She was unable to attend her psychology class.A.Shed be able to leave quickly.B.Shed be less nervous.C.Shed be able to locate where the man was seated.D.Shed know when her professor arrived.A.To introduce
41、the woman to someone who has researched blushing.B.To illustrate the benefits of a public speaking class.C.To give an example of an adult who blushes easily.D.To explain a way to overcome blushing.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.Always.B.Once.C.Twice.D.Three times.A.4.2 billion years ago.B.3.3 billion
42、years ago.C.2.9 billion years ago.D.1.2 billion years ago.A.From rocks in the mountain.B.From the remains of ancient sea life.C.From the soil under the sea.D.From ancient trees.A.Because its shining.B.Because its rare.C.Because its expensive.D.Because it came from ancient times.A.Because their value
43、 has been raised since they were made.B.Because they contain more silver than they used to.C.Because they contain less silver than they should do.D.Because the metal wears down in use.A.90% copper and 10% silver.B.90% silver and 10% copper.C.90% silver, 9% copper, and 1% lead.D.None of these.A.To ma
44、ke coins lighter.B.To conserve silver.C.To use up surplus copper.D.To make coins last longer.A.An alloy of copper and silver.B.Pure silver or pure gold.C.An alloy of copper and tin.D.An alloy of gold and silver.A.A New York executive.B.A computer specialist.C.A television announcer.D.A teacher.A.A s
45、cience fiction cartoon.B.A scientific program.C.A movie on personality disorders.D.A drama set in New York city.A.To demonstrate the latest use of computer graphics.B.To raise funds for public television programming.C.To explain the workings of the brain.D.To increase membership in professional medi
46、cal societies.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Television now plays such an important part in so many peoples lives that it is (36) 1for us to try to decide whether is a (37) 2or a curse. Obviously television has both (38) 3and dis. But do the former (39) 4 the latter? In the first place, television is no
47、t only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a (40) 5cheap one. They just sit comfortably at home and enjoy (41) 6series of programmes rather than to go out in search of (42) 7 elsewhere. Some people, however, (43) 8 that this is precisely where the danger lies. The television viewer needs
48、to do nothing. (44) 9. Secondly, television keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical fascination for us. (45) 10. There are many other arguments for and against television. The poor quality of its programmes is often criticized. But it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people. And does it corrupt or instruct our children? (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
