1、大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）-试卷 181及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：20.00）_2.Section A（分数：20.00）_Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. “I cant think of
2、a single study that hasnt found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to.“ says Dr. David. The beginning of our sleep deficit crisis can be 1to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal 2from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached
3、 the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced 3to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat on their sleep, and they dont even 4theyre doing it,“ says Dr. David.
4、“They think theyre okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally 5 Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the 6of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the
5、 least 7item on the agenda. “In our society, youre considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours sleep. If you say youve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack 8and ambition.“ To assess the 9of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance t
6、ests. “Weve found that if youre sleep-deprived, performance 10says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is impaired, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.“ A)consequences B)complexity C)ingenious D)dramatically E)suffers F)tracked G)realize H)expensive I)slightly J)traced K)detaches L)vigo
7、rous M)inspiration N)accounts O)drive（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Dieting advisor Dr. Robert Atkins recommends eating a diet high in protein for those who want to lose weight and keep it off. The hamburger patty is good, the hamburger bun bad, accor
8、ding to the 1of Atkins, who has turned his philosophies into a dieting revolution, starting with his first book, Dr. Atkins Diet Revolution, in 1972. Atkins books 2top best-seller lists. Atkins companies have made millions of dollars in sales of specialty low-carb food products and carb-counting sca
9、les. But the popularity of Atkins eating advice, now appealing to another generation, is 3some food companies who rely on the consumer 4for carbohydrate-laden foods such as pastas and pizzas, cakes, cookies and cereals, to add weight to their own bottom lines. “Our industry has to do something, and
10、soon. It is starting to become a 5belief that carbohydrates are bad,“ said Judi Adams, director of the Wheat Foods Council. Part of the societys push will be in Washington, where federal health officials are starting talks on 6to the nations 11-year-old Food Guide Pyramid. Currently, the pyramid put
11、s bread, cereals, rice and pasta as the 7for healthy eating. The strategy is a direct attack on Atkins: Americans who follow the Atkins diet 8their risk of health problems that include cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, kidney damage and some cancers, the Wheat Foods Council says. According t
12、o Atkins, he is not looking to go to war with the food companies, and even Atkins die-hards allow for an 9doughnut or cookie. “We teach people how to respect it and, on rare occasions, have it in 10he said. “We know people cant stay away from it forever.“ A)mainstream B)increase C)profitable D)occas
13、ional E)routinely F)panicking G)foundation H)hasty I)recommends J)appetite K)teachings L)revisions M)empirically N)moderation O)merge（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Are smarter kids smart enough to avoid alcohol and drugs? For decades, scientists had d
14、ocumented that those with lower IQ and less education were more likely to become addicted to alcohol or other drugs, probably because lower levels of education and lower IQ are associated with the 1effects of poverty and because having less intelligence offers fewer mental resources to allow users t
15、o moderate and avoid problems. The latest data, published in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, doesnt 2those findings. Drug use is not the same as drug addictionhigher intelligence is a protective factor against alcoholism and addictions; 3smarter people are more likely to drink or try
16、 drugs. Social drinking in many countries and non-problematic drinking is more 4and common among people with higher education. But why? What protects them from 5into addiction? Intelligence can serve as a vehicle for 6when it comes to alcohol or drug usethe more educated people are, the more they in
17、ternalize and appreciate the dangers and risks of 7 Intelligence can also 8more curiosity and openness to new experiences. And that includes experimenting with alcohol and drugs. People have the impression that intelligence is somehow related to being 9and bookwormish, but large studies definitely f
18、ind that intelligence is associated with sensation-seeking and seeking different kinds of experiences, including learning new things. It could be related to the nature of intelligence. Such experimentation doesnt always lead to addiction or problematic behavior because this type of exposure often in
19、volves a few experiences before the person moves on to the next 10 A)execution B)moderation C)compelling D)indulgence E)nonetheless F)decent G)frequent H)novelty I)spur J)damaging K)deviate L)sliding M)exceptionally N)introverted O)contradict（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
20、_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）-试卷 181答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.Part III Reading Comprehension（分数：20.00）_解析：2.Section A（分数：20.00）_解析：Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in th
21、e nation. “I cant think of a single study that hasnt found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to.“ says Dr. David. The beginning of our sleep deficit crisis can be 1to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal 2from the 18th and 19th centuries, sl
22、eep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced 3to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat on their sleep, and they dont even 4theyre
23、doing it,“ says Dr. David. “They think theyre okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally 5 Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the 6of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, man
24、y people consider sleep the least 7item on the agenda. “In our society, youre considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours sleep. If you say youve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack 8and ambition.“ To assess the 9of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psyc
25、hological and performance tests. “Weve found that if youre sleep-deprived, performance 10says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is impaired, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.“ A)consequences B)complexity C)ingenious D)dramatically E)suffers F)tracked G)realize H)expensive I)slightly
26、 J)traced K)detaches L)vigorous M)inspiration N)accounts O)drive（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：J）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：L）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：H）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：O）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）解析：解析：此处需填入谓语动词，由主语 performance可知是第三人称单数形式。根据后文提到的Short-term memor
27、yis impaired(短期记忆受损)等，可知在 sleep-deprived(睡眠不足)的情况下，行为应该会受到不良影响，故 suffers“受损害”符合语境。Dieting advisor Dr. Robert Atkins recommends eating a diet high in protein for those who want to lose weight and keep it off. The hamburger patty is good, the hamburger bun bad, according to the 1of Atkins, who has tur
28、ned his philosophies into a dieting revolution, starting with his first book, Dr. Atkins Diet Revolution, in 1972. Atkins books 2top best-seller lists. Atkins companies have made millions of dollars in sales of specialty low-carb food products and carb-counting scales. But the popularity of Atkins e
29、ating advice, now appealing to another generation, is 3some food companies who rely on the consumer 4for carbohydrate-laden foods such as pastas and pizzas, cakes, cookies and cereals, to add weight to their own bottom lines. “Our industry has to do something, and soon. It is starting to become a 5b
30、elief that carbohydrates are bad,“ said Judi Adams, director of the Wheat Foods Council. Part of the societys push will be in Washington, where federal health officials are starting talks on 6to the nations 11-year-old Food Guide Pyramid. Currently, the pyramid puts bread, cereals, rice and pasta as
31、 the 7for healthy eating. The strategy is a direct attack on Atkins: Americans who follow the Atkins diet 8their risk of health problems that include cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, kidney damage and some cancers, the Wheat Foods Council says. According to Atkins, he is not looking to go t
32、o war with the food companies, and even Atkins die-hards allow for an 9doughnut or cookie. “We teach people how to respect it and, on rare occasions, have it in 10he said. “We know people cant stay away from it forever.“ A)mainstream B)increase C)profitable D)occasional E)routinely F)panicking G)fou
33、ndation H)hasty I)recommends J)appetite K)teachings L)revisions M)empirically N)moderation O)merge（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：K）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：J）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：L）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）解析：解析：此处应为名词，作介词 in的宾语。根据该句中的 ra
34、re occasions可以知道 Atkins主张可以偶尔吃吃碳水化合物食品，但也要控制数量，因此 moderation“适度”正确。have it in moderation意为“适量地吃”。Are smarter kids smart enough to avoid alcohol and drugs? For decades, scientists had documented that those with lower IQ and less education were more likely to become addicted to alcohol or other drugs,
35、 probably because lower levels of education and lower IQ are associated with the 1effects of poverty and because having less intelligence offers fewer mental resources to allow users to moderate and avoid problems. The latest data, published in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, doesnt
36、2those findings. Drug use is not the same as drug addictionhigher intelligence is a protective factor against alcoholism and addictions; 3smarter people are more likely to drink or try drugs. Social drinking in many countries and non-problematic drinking is more 4and common among people with higher
37、education. But why? What protects them from 5into addiction? Intelligence can serve as a vehicle for 6when it comes to alcohol or drug usethe more educated people are, the more they internalize and appreciate the dangers and risks of 7 Intelligence can also 8more curiosity and openness to new experi
38、ences. And that includes experimenting with alcohol and drugs. People have the impression that intelligence is somehow related to being 9and bookwormish, but large studies definitely find that intelligence is associated with sensation-seeking and seeking different kinds of experiences, including lea
39、rning new things. It could be related to the nature of intelligence. Such experimentation doesnt always lead to addiction or problematic behavior because this type of exposure often involves a few experiences before the person moves on to the next 10 A)execution B)moderation C)compelling D)indulgenc
40、e E)nonetheless F)decent G)frequent H)novelty I)spur J)damaging K)deviate L)sliding M)exceptionally N)introverted O)contradict（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：J）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：O）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：L）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：H）解析：解析：空格在 the next后面，应为名词。本段的主要内容是：智力高的人容易对新鲜事物产生好奇心，他们会去尝试各种新鲜事物，所以不会沉迷。moves on to 和 the next表明智力高的人容易“转移到下一个目标”，这个目标应该与前文提及的 new experiences或 new things意思相近，故选用novelty最为合适。
