1、大学英语六级综合-篇章词汇理解(一)及答案解析(总分：450.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、篇章词汇理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：90.00) A. illnessesD. discoveryG. enormousJ. story M. alike B. dangerousE. stayH. modified K. characteristic N. preserve C. processedF. purposesI. remain L. higher O. treatedThe food we eat seems to have profoun
2、d effects on our health. Although science has made (1) steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human (2) are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, esp
3、ecially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is (3) in these cultures.That food is related to illness is not a new (4) . In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to (5) color in meats, and o
4、ther food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these additives (6) in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of (7) food are helpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living anim
5、als, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of (8) cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical (9) , but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a (n) (10) price on the market. Although the Food and Drug
6、Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continu（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：90.00) A. separateD. unlessG. birthJ. clearly M. intelligence B. stimulatedE. whenH. improved K. demonstrat
7、ed N. capable C. smartF. fullyI. environment L. similar O. collegeThere are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more (1) than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with,
8、 an individual will have a low order of intelligence (2) he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individualthe sort of (3) in which he is reared.The importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be (4) by the case history of the identical
9、 twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at (5) , and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in (6) foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with
10、 poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to (7) . He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be (8) intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they
11、were given tests to measure their (9) . MarksI.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and (10) forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
12、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：90.00) A. importantD. petG. handsJ. follow M. share B. hesitantlyE. delayH. knife K. acceptable N. calmly C. differF. considerableI. lady L. mouth O. uncomfortableSocial customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were consider
13、ed impolite many years ago are now (1) . Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite for a man to smoke on street. No man smoked when a(n) (2) was in a room.Customs also (3) from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesnt it matter? Should
14、 you use both (4) when you are eating? Should you leave one in your lap, or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also (5) a large number of social customs. For example, most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will
15、 most Americans. Promptness is (6) both in England and in America. That is, if a dinner invitation is for 7 oclock, the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his (7) .The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other peop
16、le feel (8) especially if they are your guests. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a(n) (9) . The other guests were amused or shocked, but the host (10) picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel f
17、oolish or uncomfortabl（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：90.00) A. promiseD. dependG. familiarJ. ticks M. check B. likelyE. focusH. differently K. importance N. characteristic C. temperatureF. accurateI. compared L. dream O. basesThe
18、accuracy of scientific observations and calculations is always at the mercy of the scientists timekeeping methods. For this reason, scientists are interested in devices that give (1) of more precise timekeeping.In their search for precision, scientists have turned to atomic clocks that (2) on variou
19、s vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their “ticking“. This is possible because each kind of atom or molecule has its own (3) rate of vibration. The nitrogen atom in ammonia, for example, vibrates or “ (4) “ 24 billion times a second.One such atomic clock is so (5) that it will probably lose no m
20、ore than a second in 3000 years. It will be of great (6) in fields such as astronomical observation and long-range navigation. The heart of this Atomichron is a cesium atom that vibrates 92 billion times a second when heated to the (7) of boiling water.An atomic clock that operates with an ammonia m
21、olecule may be used to (8) the accuracy of predictions based on Einsteins relativity theories, according to which a clock in motion and a clock at rest should keep time (9) . Placed in an orbiting satellite moving at a speed of 18,000 miles an hour, the clock could broadcast its time readings to a g
22、round station, where they would be (10) with the readings on a similar model. Whatever differences develop would be checked against the differences predicte（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Passage 5(总题数：1，分数：90.00) A. severelyD. formG. goingJ. manage
23、M. poorly B. happensE. bornH. taking K. progressive N. failing C. commonF. reactI. existence L. physical O. greatestNo one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million. In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some dis
24、ability. Disability is not just something that (1) to other people: as we get older, many of us will become less mobile, hard of hearing or have (2) eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are (3) with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get
25、older. There are many (4) disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the (5) of a mental illness.Disabled people face many (6) barriers. Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friend
26、s, imagine how you would (7) if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were (8) or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the (9)
27、 barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the (10) disabled go through. So it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which counts.（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
28、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_大学英语六级综合-篇章词汇理解(一)答案解析(总分：450.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、篇章词汇理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：90.00) A. illnessesD. discoveryG. enormousJ. story M. alike B. dangerousE. stayH. modified K. characteristic N. preserve C. processedF. purposesI. remain L. higher O
29、. treatedThe food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made (1) steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human (2) are related to diet and forty percent
30、 of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is (3) in these cultures.That food is related to illness is not a new (4) . In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrat
31、es, commonly used to (5) color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these additives (6) in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of (7) food are helpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers
32、 often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of (8) cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical (9) , but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a (n) (10) pr
33、ice on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continu（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）解析：该空格前为动词 made，空格后为名词 steps，因此空格处应选形容词、动词过去分词等作定语修饰steps。原句意为“尽管科学在让食物更加适合食用方面做出了_进步，科学同时也使得很多食物不适合食用”，因此所选单词应含有“大的”的含义，用以表示强调，选项中只有 G
34、enormous(巨大的)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：该空格前为形容词 human，空格后为系动词 are，因此空格处应选复数可数名词作句子主语。原句意为“有研究表明，人类所有的_中可能有 80%和饮食有关，40%的癌症也和饮食有关，特别是结肠癌”，因此所选单词应该在含义上和“癌症”(cancer)相近，只有 A illnesses(疾病)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：K）解析：该空格前为系动词 is，空格后为介词 in，因此空格处应选形容词作表语，或选不及物动词的现在分词形式表现在进行时。结合句意“不同的文化更有可能导致不同的疾病，这是由这些文化中_食物造成的”可知，
35、所选单词应意为“特定的”或“独特的”，表示因食物的不同而导致所患疾病的不同，因此 K characteristic(特有的)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：该空格前为形容词 new，再结合之前的不定冠词 a 可知，空格处应选单数可数名词。结合句意“食物与疾病有联系并不是一个新的_”和选项，只有 D discovery(发现)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）解析：该空格前为动词不定式的标志词 to，空格后为名词 color，因此空格处应选及物动词原形。原句意为“1945 年，政府研究人员了解到，通常被用于肉的颜色的硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂可能致癌”。结合常识可知，硝酸盐等食品
36、添加剂可以用于保持食物的颜色或给食物上色，选项中只有 N presetve(保持)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I）解析：分析句子结构可知，空格所在分句缺少谓语动词，由 and 之后的分句所采用的一般现在时可知，空格处应选不及物动词的一般现在时形式，再结合空格前的名词 additives 可知，此处应为动词原形。结合句意“这些添加剂_在我们的食物中”和选项，只有 I remain(残留，保留)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：该空格前为介词 of，空格后为名词 food，因此空格处应选形容词、动词过去分词等作定语修饰food。原句意为“想要知道_食物的包装标签上哪些成分是有益
37、的或有害的，就变得更加困难了”，结合常识可知，经过加工的食物才会有包装和标签，选项中只有 C processed(被加工的)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：O）解析：该空格前为介词 of，空格后为名词 cow，因此空格处应选形容词、动词过去分词等作定语修饰cow。原句意为“牧场主经常给牛或牲畜喂食青霉素，因此人们在_牛的奶里发现了青霉素”，因此所选单词应能表示出牛被喂食了青霉素，只有 O treated(被医治过的)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）解析：该空格前为形容词 medical，再结合空格所在句中隐含的表并列的 not.but.结构可知，空格处应选名词和 medical 一
38、起与 fmancial reasons 构成并列结构。结合句意“有时类似的药物会喂给动物，不是为了医学的_，而是出于经济原因”和选项，F purposes(目的)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：L）解析：该空格前为不定冠词 a(n)，空格后为名词 price，因此空格处应选形容词、动词过去分词等作定语修饰 price。原句意为“牧场主只是努力让动物长肥，以便在市场上获得_价格”，结合常识可知，牲畜越肥硕，卖价就可能越高，选项中只有 L higher(更高的)最适合。三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：90.00) A. separateD. unlessG. birthJ. clea
39、rly M. intelligence B. stimulatedE. whenH. improved K. demonstrated N. capable C. smartF. fullyI. environment L. similar O. collegeThere are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more (1)
40、than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence (2) he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individualthe sort of (3) in which he is reared.The importance of environment in determining an individ
41、uals intelligence can be (4) by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at (5) , and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in (6) foster homes. Peter was re
42、ared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to (7) . He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be (8) intellectually. This environmental differen
43、ce continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their (9) . MarksI.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and (10) forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have te
44、sted at roughly the same level.（分数：90.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：N）解析：结合该空格前后表比较结构的 more 和 than，以及之前的系动词 being 可知，空格处应选多音节形容词的原级。结合句意“人的智力各有不同，有些人比其他人要更_”和选项，N capable(有能力的)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：分析句子结构可知，空格前后为两个完整的句子，因此空格处应选连词来连接前后两部分。结合句意“无论一个人天生的头脑有多好，他都不会有很高的智商，_他有机会学习”和选项，D unless(除非)最合适。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：I）
45、解析：该空格前为介词 of，空格后为介词 in 加关系代词 which 引导的定语从句，因此空格处应选名词作从句的先行词。原句意为“因此，第二个因素就是一个人的境遇他所成长的_”，因此所选单词应意为“环境”，与之前谈到的第一个因素，即遗传因素构成对比，故选 I environment(环境)。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：K）解析：该空格前为系动词 be，空格后为介词 by，因此空格处应选动词过去分词表被动。原句意为“环境在决定一个人的智力方面的重要性可以通过一对双胞胎的例子_”，因此所选单词应意为“体现”或“证明”，只有 K demonstrated(证明)最适合。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）解析：该空格前为介词 at，因此空格处应选名词。结合句意“双胞胎是一样的，他们在_拥有同样的智力，他们的成长过程也一样”和选项，只有 G birth(出生)最适合，at birth 表示“在出生时”。填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：该空格前为介词 in，空格后为名词短语 foster homes，因此空格处应选形容词、动词过去分词等作定语。原句意为“在双胞胎三个月大时，他们的父母去世了，他们被安置到_养育者家中”，再结合下文可知，这对双胞胎是在两个不同的家庭中成长起来的，只有 A separate(分开的)最适合。填空
