1、大学英语六级综合-阅读(二十二)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Rather than using custom machine tools to build early models of new parts, Ford is now using 3-D printing technology to design and test its engineers latest ideas. T
2、he new method allows product developers to have a (1) in their hands in as little as a week after they create a new designcompared with having to wait three to four months (2) .“Were building more and more parts every day using this (3) ,“ says Harold Sears, a technical expert in rapid manufacturing
3、 at Fords design facility in Dearborn, Mich. Fords new hybrid transmission was developed on a 3-D printer that costs about 300,000 and which can turn a pile of aluminum powder into a working prototype in a day or two.While low-cost 3-D printing by consumers and small businesses looks like a market n
4、ow ready for takeoff, large businesses have already (4) advanced versions of the technology. The result has been a (5) improvement in the product-development process across a wide range of industries, including the (6) of cars, consumer electronics, safety equipment and medical devices.The process h
5、as done more than just save time and money. Engineers say rapid prototyping using 3-D printing is producing more (7) , higher-quality productsfrom custom-fitted bicycle helmets to better-sounding ear buds and loudspeakers.Instead of waiting for tools and parts to come back from outside machine shops
6、 or injection-molding houses, product developers on tight (8) now get more hands-on time to test their models. 3-D printers allow them to test and (9) more versions of their prototypesin some cases tripling the number of duplicates of a new product that can be (10) before being produced on a large s
7、cale.A. previously B. thereafter C. process D. elastic E. deadlinesF. manufacturing G. significant H. innovative I. ignited J. embracedK. lubricate L. prototype M. refined N. update O. mechanisms（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10
8、.00)There is nothing new about TV and fashion magazines giving girls unhealthy ideas about how thin they need to be in order to be considered beautiful. What is (1) is the method psychologists at the University of Texas have come up with to keep girls from developing eating disorders. Their main wea
9、pon against superskinny (role) models: a brand of civil disobedience (2) “body activism.“Since 2001, more than 1,000 high school and college students in the U.S. have participated in the Body Project, which works by getting girls to understand how they have been buying into the (3) that you have to
10、be thin to be happy or successful. After critiquing (评论) the so-called thin ideal by writing essays and role-playing with their peers, participants are (4) to come up with and execute small, (5) acts. They include slipping notes saying “Love your body the way it is“ into dieting books at stores like
11、 Borders and writing letters to Mattel, makers of the impossibly (6) Barbie doll.According to a study in the latest issue of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, the risk of developing eating disorders was reduced 61% among Body Project participants. And they continued to exhibit (7) b
12、ody-image attitudes as long as three years after completing the program, which consists of four one-hour (8) . Such lasting effects may be due to girls realizing not only how they were being 9 but also who was benefiting from the societal pressure to be thin. “These people who promote the perfect bo
13、dy really dont care about you at all,“ says Kelsey Hertel, a high school junior and Body Project veteran in Eugene, Oregon. “They (10) make you feel like less of a person so youll buy their stuff and theyll make money.“A. nonviolent B. notification C. dubbed D. sessions E. purposefullyF. surprising
14、G. expired H. directed I. positive J. casuallyK. notion L. proportioned M. ambiguous N. influenced O. entities（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Space TourismAMake your reservations now. The space tou
15、rism industry is officially open for business, and tickets are going for a mere 20 million for a one-week stay in space. Despite reluctance from National Air and Space Administration (NASA), Russia made American businessman Dennis Tito the worlds first space tourist. Tito flew into space aboard a Ru
16、ssian Soyuz rocket that arrived at the International Space Station (ISS) on April 30, 2001. The second space tourist, South African businessman Mark Shuttleworth, took off aboard the Russian Soyuz on April 25, 2002, also bound for the ISS.BLance Bass of N Sync (an American boy band) was supposed to
17、be the third to make the 20 million trip, but he did not join the three-man crew as they blasted off on October 30, 2002, due to lack of payment. Probably the most incredible aspect of this proposed space tour was that NASA approved of it.CThese trips are the beginning of what could be a profitable
18、21st century industry. There are already several space tourism companies planning to build suborbital vehicles and orbital cities within the next two decades. These companies have invested millions, believing that the space tourism industry is on the verge of taking off.DIn 1997, NASA published a re
19、port concluding that selling trips into space to private citizens could be worth billions of dollars. A Japanese report supports these findings, and projects that space tourism could be a 10 billion per year industry within the next two decades. The only obstacles to opening up space to tourists are
20、 the space agencies, who are concerned with safety and the development of a reliable, reusable launch vehicle.Space AccommodationsERussias Mir space station was supposed to be the first destination for space tourists. But in March 2001, the Russian Aerospace Agency brought Mir down into the Pacific
21、Ocean. As it turned out, bringing down Mir only temporarily delayed the first tourist trip into space.FThe Mir crash did cancel plans for a new reality-based game show from NBC, which was going to be called Destination Mir. The Survivor-like TV show was scheduled to air in fall 2001. Participants on
22、 the show were to go through training at Russias cosmonaut (宇航员) training center, Star City. Each week, one of the participants would be eliminated from the show, with the winner receiving a trip to the Mir space station. The Mir crash has ruled out NBCs space plans for now. NASA is against beginnin
23、g space tourism until the International Space Station is completed in 2006.GRussia is not alone in its interest in space tourism. There are several projects underway to commercialize space travel. Space Island Group is going to build a ring-shaped, rotating “commercial space infrastructure (基础结构)“ t
24、hat will resemble the Discovery spacecraft in the movie “2001: A Space Odyssey.“ Space Island says it will build its space city out of empty NASA space-shuttle fuel tanks (to start, it should take around 12 or so), and place it about 400 miles above Earth. The space city will rotate once per minute
25、to create a gravitational pull one-third as strong as Earths.HAccording to their vision statement, Space Adventures plans to “fly tens of thousands of people in space over the next 10-15 years and beyond, around the moon, and back, from spaceports both on Earth and in space, to and from private spac
26、e stations, and aboard dozens of different vehicles.“Even Hilton Hotels has shown interest in the space tourism industry and the possibility of building or co-funding a space hotel. However, the company did say that it believes such a space hotel is 15 to 20 years away.IInitially, space tourism will
27、 offer simple accommodations at best. For instance, if the International Space Station is used as a tourist attraction, guests wont find the luxurious surroundings of a hotel room on Earth. It has been designed for conducting research, not entertainment. However, the first generation of space hotels
28、 should offer tourists a much more comfortable experience.JIn regard to a concept for a space hotel initially planned by Space Island, such a hotel could offer guests every convenience they might find at a hotel on Earth, and some they might not. The small gravitational pull created by the rotating
29、space city would allow space-tourists and residents to walk around and function normally within the structure. Everything from running water to a recycling plant to medical facilities would be possible. Additionally, space tourists would even be able to take space walks.KMany of these companies beli
30、eve that they have to offer an extremely enjoyable experience in order for passengers to pay thousands, if not millions, of dollars to ride into space. So will space create another separation between the haves and have-nots?The Most Expensive VacationLWill space be an exotic retreat reserved for onl
31、y the wealthy? Or will middle-class folks have a chance to take their families to space? Make no mistake about it, going to space will be the most expensive vacation you ever take. Prices right now are in the tens of millions of dollars. Currently, the only vehicles that can take you into space are
32、the space shuttle and the Russian Soyuz, both of which are terribly inefficient. Each spacecraft requires millions of pounds of fuel to take off into space, which makes them expensive to launch. One pound of payload (有效载重) costs about 10,000 to put into Earths orbit.MNASA and Lockheed Martin are cur
33、rently developing a single-stage-to-orbit launch space plane, called the VentureStar, which could be launched for about a tenth of what the space shuttle costs to launch. If the VentureStar takes off, the number of people who could afford to take a trip into space would move into the millions.NA joi
34、nt report from NASA and the Space Transportation Association stated that improvements in technology could push fares for space travel as low as 50,000, and possibly down to 20,000 or 10,000 a decade later. The report concluded that at a ticket price of 50,000, there could be 500,000 passengers flyin
35、g into space each year. While still leaving out many people, these prices would open up space to a tremendous amount of traffic.OSince the beginning of the space race, the general public has said, “Isnt that greatwhen do I get to go?“ Well, our chance might be closer than ever. Within the next 20 ye
36、ars, space planes could be taking off for the Moon at the same frequency as airplanes flying between New York and Los Angeles.（分数：20.00）(1).Within the next two decades, space travel could be as common as intercity air travel.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).A boy band member wasnt able to go on a tour of space b
37、ecause of shortage of money.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Several tourism companies believe space travel is going to be a new profitable industry.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).It was impossible to carry out the reality-based game show due to the crash of the Russia space station.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).With the combining e
38、fforts of NASA and a certain company, a less expensive space plane is being developed.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Tourists cant find a comfortable hotel in Space Station due to its originally purpose of conducting research.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).What makes going to space the most expensive vacation is the enor
39、mous cost involved in launching the spacecraft.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).An infrastructure, which is scheduled to make profits in space travel, will be built hundreds of miles above the earth in a ring-shaped.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).The space agencies are reluctant to open up space to tourists owing to securi
40、ty consideration and lack of a launch vehicle as required.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).In order for space tourists to walk around and function normally, it is necessary for the space city to create a small gravitational pull.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Trading Modernist for McmansionAIn 194
41、9 W. Clinton Backus and his wife hired a 43-year-old designer named Greta Magnusson Grossman to build a house in the hills of Bel Air. The Los Angeles community was well-to-do even then, but it wasnt particularly extravagant. Grossman, a Swedish migr (移居者), had achieved some fame as a trader of mode
42、rn design; her furniture was often mentioned in the same breath and sold at the same stores as Charles Eamess, George Nelsons, and Eero Saarinensa rare distinction, at the time, for a woman.BFor the Backuses, Grossman designed a tasteful two-story modernist home sit on a private slope, with sharp li
43、nes, walls of glass, and far-reaching views. It was 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, and 1,800 square feet500 square feet smaller than todays average American homeand it fit right in.CNot anymore. The Backus House still hovers on the same Bel Air hillside where Grossman built it. But because of the sprawlin
44、g megamansions that have sprung up around the property, and because of the increasingly overheated state of the Southern California real estate market, Grossmans elegant modernist creationone of the few surviving examples of residential architecture by an innovative woman now ranked among the finest
45、 designers of her eramay not survive much longer.DTheres an irony here. Starting in the 1920s, the combination of climate, terrain, and a young, progressive community of architects and clients triggered a flowering of modern residential design in Los Angeles that culminated in the famous Case Study
46、House Program (1945-66)a series of experimental model homes sponsored by the local magazine Arts Architecture and designed by some of the periods greatest architects. The modern single-family dwelling may have been invented in Europe, but many believe it was perfected in Southern California.ENow, de
47、cades later, modernist architecture has never been more popular. Dwell magazine is a monthly love letter to the style, and homes designed by any of the regions numerous architectural giantsRichard Neutra, R.M. Schindler, John Lautnertend to command considerable premiums whenever they materialize on
48、the market.FBut a certain kind of modernist propertynamely, a lesser-known house situated on a prime lot in an expensive neighborhoodis still at risk, and may be especially jeopardized in Los Angeless current residential market, which has posted the nations largest increase in average sale price over the last y
