1、大学英语四级 29及答案解析(总分：746.56，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a poster recruiting volunteers. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1校学生会将组织一次暑假志愿者活动，现招募志愿者 2本次志愿者活动的目的、活动安排等 3报名条件及联系方式 Vo
2、lunteers Needed _ _ _ （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)What Are Tropical Storms? Severe storms spawned in the tropics are known by different names in different parts of the world: hurricanes in the Atlantic and east Pacific and typhoons in the northwest Pacific and cyclones in the so
3、uthwest Pacific and Indian Ocean. These storms originate over tropical waters, close to the equator. If the atmosphere is calm and the water is warmer than about 27C, evaporation forces large amounts of moisture into the air, creating a low pressure system. When this water vapor condenses, it releas
4、es heat that powers the circular winds that characterize these storms. Rainfall in the developing storm releases more heat, triggering a convection process that pulls more moisture-laden air up through the centre of the system. The storm grows via this feedback mechanism. The strongest winds are fou
5、nd immediately outside the centre, or “eye,“ of the hurricane at ground level. Every one of these systems begins as a tropical depression - a system of thunder storms with an overall circular motion and maximum sustained winds less than 62 km/h. When a storm becomes severe enough and the winds pick
6、up to more than 62 km/h, it is designated a tropical storm, When the winds reach 119 km/h, the system is called a hurricane, typhoon or cyclone. An average of 10 tropical storms develop over the Atlantic Ocean each year, of which about six become severe enough to be called hurricanes. Besides strong
7、 winds and heavy rain, these hurricanes also create a “storm surge,“ a massive wave beneath the centre of the storm. In the eye of the hurricane, air is sucked upward faster than it can rush in at the bottom. This lowers the atmospheric pressure under the eye of the storm; as a result, the eye tries
8、 to pull at the ocean itself, creating a bulge of water as much as six metres high that moves together with the storm. When is the hurricane season? Hurricane season officially runs from June 1 to November 30, but the most intense storms mainly occur between mid-August and mid-October. How are hurri
9、canes classified? Tropical storms that get strong enough to be classified as hurricanes are categorized by the intensity of their wind speeds using the Saffir-Simpson scale. Only three Category 5 hurricanes have made landfall in the U.S. in the past century one that struck the Florida Keys in 1935,
10、Hurricane Camille in 1969, and Hurricane Andrew in 1992. How are tropical storms named? A tropical storm is given a name if its winds reach a speed of 62 kilometres per hour. An international committee has drawn up a list of 126 names-half male and half female which are repeated after a six-year cyc
11、le. However, if a hurricane causes extensive dam age, its name is retired from use. So far, more than 50 names have been retired, from Hazel in 1954 to Juan in 2003. Memorable hurricanes In August and September 1992, Hurricane Andrew wrought havoc across the Caribbean and Florida. Andrew was an unus
12、ual storm-after brewing for several days at low latitudes, it weakened and nearly vanished about 600 km east of Puerto Rico. But the storm regained its strength and moved northward with devastating results. Andrew left 17,000 people homeless in Florida alone and destroyed or badly damaged 85,000 hom
13、es. The storm caused a record $ 26. S billion US in property damage. In 2002 Andrew, initially classified a Force 4, was upgraded to have actually been a Force 5 storm. In November 1998, Hurricane Mitch tore through Central America, killing as many as 10,000 people and leaving two million homeless i
14、n Nicaragua and Honduras. The storms 300 km/h winds and heavy rains caused more than $ 3 billion US in damage more than half the combined gross domestic product of those two countries. Mitch also unleashed deadly landslides, and caused the worst flooding in the region in 200 years. In the storms wak
15、e, with roads and infrastructure wiped out, thousands of people developed illnesses such as dengue fever, cholera and malaria. Hurricane Hugo swept across the Caribbean and the southeast U.S. in September 1989, leaving a 3,700-kilometre-long trail of destruction from Guadeloupe to the Carolinas. The
16、 storm killed at. least 28 people in the Caribbean, left up to 80,000 homeless and caused $ 2 billion US in damage. In the U. S. , it killed another 11 people and caused more than $ 750 million in damage. The storm sent giant waves crashing onto the U. S. Eastern Seaboard, with a wall of water some
17、five metres in height washing over Charleston, S.C. In September 1996, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, felt the wrath of Hurricane Hortense. The storm brought 120 km/h winds and caused $ 3 million in damages, mostly due to flooding, wind damage and power outages. For Ontarians old enough to
18、 remember it, Hurricane Hazel was the storm of a life time-and one of the few to inflict significant damage in central Canada. Hurricane Hazel formed in early October 1954 and crossed the Caribbean and the eastern U. S. before entering southern Ontario. The storm left as many as 1,000 dead in Haiti,
19、 six more in the Bahamas, another 95 in the U.S. and 81 in the Toronto region Tropical storms and global climate trends While tropical storms seem to follow certain natural cycles, scientists are concerned about the effects of global warming and tong-term climate change. On Sept. 15, 1999, the Unite
20、d Nations issued a report predicting that global warming will cause more frequent and more severe tropical storms, floods and tornadoes in the coming century. “We do know that hurricane intensity is directly correlated to how warm the ocean waters are,“ says Petersen “And if global warming continues
21、 to occur, and this results in warmer water temperatures, then well see an undeniable signal of stronger hurricanes.“ （分数：71.00）(1).The passage gives an overview of hurricanes and their history. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Hurricanes in the Atlantic are different from typhoons and cyclones in Asia. （分数：7
22、.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Most tropical storms do not become hurricanes. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).There will not be another Hurricane Andrew in the foreseeable future. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Hurricane Miteh was a Force 5 storm that hit the United States. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Hurricane Hugo was weaker when i
23、t hit the United States than when it hit the Caribbean islands. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The United Nations believes that the only way to prevent worse hurricanes is to deal with global warming. （分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).A 1 is one whereby water is released as rainfall, generating heat, and causes water
24、vapour to be pulled into the storm to replace it. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Wind speeds generally fall the further you are from the 1. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).A 1 is a body of water pulled upwards in the centre of a hurricane. （分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Hell be speaking at the en
25、d of the meeting.B.He was supposed to speak last night instead.C.He suddenly decided not to speak.D.He already spoke very briefly tonight.A.The man shouldnt expect her to go along.B.She doesnt think she has enough money.C.Shell go even though the movie is bad.D.The man should count the number of peo
26、ple going.A.Both the man and the woman have no time to look at the gift.B.The man cant imagine what his friends get for him.C.The man already knows what Betty will say.D.The man is anxious to see Bettys reaction to the gift.A.She wasnt really studying.B.She hadnt finished writing her articles.C.She
27、had furnished her house.D.She could write beautifully.A.The problem may have been a very complicated one.B.No one can do it.C.The woman thinks that the problem is too easy.D.The man can solve the problem himself.A.The janitor is too busy to do his work.B.The sanitary conditions of an apartment.C.The
28、 relationship between the janitor and the two speakers.D.The architecture of a building.A.He cant tear either piece of cloth.B.He wants part of each piece of cloth.C.The pieces of cloth are made by a secret process.D.The pieces of cloth seem identical to him.A.Look around before going home.B.Prefer
29、to argue about it.C.Disagree with the woman.D.Apologize to the woman.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.With a knife.B.On the edge of some metal.C.On some glass.D.On a piece of paper.A.How much the cut hurt.B.How deep the cut was.C.How easily he was cut.D.How concerned the woman was.A.The amount of skin a
30、ffected by the cut.B.The cause of the cut.C.The amount of bleeding.D.The number of nerve endings irritated.A.In Manchester.B.In London.C.In Birmingham.D.In Belfast.A.This afternoon.B.This evening.C.Tomorrow morning.D.Tomorrow afternoon.A.Right now.B.This evening.C.This afternoon.D.Tomorrow morning.A
31、.One hour.B.Half an hour.C.Around 20 minutes.D.As long as Susan wishes.A.It smashed into a row of houses.B.It was run over by a truck.C.It was too nervous to leave the strip in the middle of the road.D.It hit a truck.A.A passenger.B.The dog.C.The truck-driver.D.A policeman.A.In the street.B.In a fam
32、ily swimming pool.C.In a public swimming pool.D.In a kindergarten.A.A big steak.B.A piece of bread.C.A bottle of milk.D.An extra bone.A.Pleasing.B.Careful.C.Wonderful.D.Suitable.A.Egypt, Greece and Rome.B.The Mediterranean.C.Its highway for trade and diplomacy.D.All the lands on the shores of the Me
33、diterranean.A.Ten decades.B.A quarter of century.C.One decade.D.One-tenth of year.A.171 kilometres an hour.B.10 kilometres an hour.C.65 metres an hour.D.Some 17 kilometres an hour.A.It ha been proven to be the best pain-killer.B.It is a possible cure for heart disease.C.It can help lower high body t
34、emperature effectively.D.It reduces the chance of death for heart surgery patients.A.It keeps blood vessels from being blocked.B.It speeds up their recovery after surgery.C.It in creases the blood flow to the heart.D.It adjusts their blood pressure.A.It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stom
35、ach bleeding.B.It should not be taken by heart surgery patients before the operation.C.It will have considerable side effects if taken in large doses.D.It should not be given to patients immediately after the operation.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In a competitive economy, the consumer usually has the
36、 choice of several different (36) 1 of the same product. Yet underneath their labels, the products are often nearly (37) 2. One manufacturers toothpaste (38) 3 to differ very little from another manufacturers. Thus, manufacturers are (39) 4 with a problemhow to keep sales high enough to stay in busi
37、ness. Manufacturers solve this problem by advertising. They try to (40) 5 to in various ways. In fact, advertisements may be (41) 6 into three types according to the kind of s they use. One type of advertisement tries to (42) 7 to the consumers reasoning mind. It may offer a claim that seems scienti
38、fic. For example it may say the dentists (43) 8 flash toothpaste. In selling a product, (44) 9. A scientific approach gives the appearance of truth. Another type of advertisement tries to amuse the potential buyer. (45) 10. One way of doing this is to make the products appear alive. For example, the
39、 advertisers may personify cans of insecticide , and show them attacking mean-faced bugs. Ads of this sort are silly, but they also tend to be amusing. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)“Humans shoul
40、d not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” Said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While heres on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which youre able
41、to rise to the occasion can be good for you. In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they stress that you can manage also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study
42、 at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had
43、 an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody thats the bodys first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody. Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improve
44、d memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain. “Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a
45、 researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity,”Its the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.” （分数：177.50）(1).The passage is mainly about_（分数：35.50）A.the benefits of manageable stressB.stay away fromC.run out
46、ofD.put up with(2).The word “shun”(Line 1, Para.1) most probably means_.（分数：35.50）A.cut down onB.stay away fromC.run out ofD.put up with(3).We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that_（分数：35.50）A.people under stress tend to have a poor memoryB.people who cant get their job done exp
47、erience more stressC.doing challenging work may be good for ones healthD.stress will weaken the bodys defense against germs(4).In the experiment described in Paragraph 3,the video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody because_.（分数：35.50）A.the video was not enjoyable at allB.the outcome was beyond their controlC.they knew little about surgical proceduresD.they felt no pressure while watching the video(5).Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that_.（分数：35.50）A.a persons memory is determined by the level of hormones in his bodyB.st
