1、大学英语四级（2013 年 12 月考试改革适用）-试卷 193 及答案解析(总分：118.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Writing(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.Part I Writing（分数：2.00）_2.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of your
2、s wants to buy a book, which book would you like to recommend to him/her and why?（分数：2.00）_二、Listening Comprehens(总题数：12，分数：50.00)3.Part II Listening Comprehension_4.Section A_A.They are rare species.B.They protect the environment.C.They pollinate crops and wild plants.D.They protect crops and wild
3、plants.A.Chemicals should be used as many as possible.B.Chemicals should be used only if necessary.C.Chemicals should be used as few as possible.D.Chemicals should be used once a month.A.An invention made by architects and engineers.B.A new device gathering information about buildings.C.An introduct
4、ion of a three-dimensional model.D.A new way of measuring the height of a building.A.The accurate shape of all rooms in the building.B.The size and position of heating and cooling equipment.C.The size and position of windows and doors.D.The placement of electrical outlets.A.Permanent loss of eyesigh
5、t of pilots.B.Loss of consciousness of passengers.C.Tragic results of air accidents.D.Blackouts of jet fighter pilots.A.When the airplane slows down very quickly.B.When the airplane is making a sharp turn.C.When the pilot has a heart disease.D.When the pilot loses consciousness.A.It is required by t
6、he laws and the government.B.The air pressure is rather low above the Earths surface.C.The passengers will lose consciousness in the planes.D.Lack of oxygen can affect anyone at extreme heights.5.Section B_A.He worked in a painting store.B.He worked in a printing factory.C.He worked in a gas station
7、.D.He worked in a bookstore.A.To print the TV guides.B.To edit the TV guides.C.To sell the TV guides.D.To prepare the TV guides for distribution.A.High pay and short work hours.B.Friendly environment and teamwork spirit.C.Relaxed atmosphere and valuable experience.D.Good friends he made in the facto
8、ry.A.Delightful.B.Meaningless.C.Terrible.D.Cruel.A.At her parents home.B.At her own home.C.In a hotel.D.In a restaurant.A.Traditional dishes including mashed potatoes and so on.B.Chinese food such as potatoes and pumpkin.C.Turkey with mashed potatoes.D.Pumpkin pie only.A.Go boating.B.Go bowling.C.Pl
9、ay cards.D.Watch TV programs.A.She thinks it is a bad thing to have leftovers.B.She never eats leftovers.C.She likes it because she doesnt have to cook for several meals.D.She doesnt care about leftovers.6.Section C_A.They cant lose weight.B.They can lose weight by cutting calories or exercising.C.T
10、hey really cant keep the weight off.D.They can lose weight just by dieting.A.Senior people are less likely to gain weight.B.Senior people are more likely to gain weight.C.Once people get fat, they will suffer various problems.D.Once people get fat, they gain weight steadily.A.It may have a negative
11、influence on losing weight.B.It plays a very significant role in losing weight.C.It is meaningless in losing weight.D.It has a positive impact on losing weight.A.Reasons for the drop in office gossip.B.The significance of office gossip.C.The relationship between office gossip and economy.D.Some tips
12、 to improve the worker productivity.A.A downturn in the economy.B.A stressful work environment.C.An upturn in the economy.D.An increase in the worker productivity.A.It is beneficial to the worker productivity.B.It hurts the worker productivity.C.It is an efficient way for workers to relax.D.It is a
13、direct way for the boss to know his workers.A.Several explorers.B.Representatives of Congress.C.President Grant.D.A group of animal lovers.A.It was the first national park.B.It was the first region explored by pioneers.C.It is not accessible to everyone.D.It is not managed by the National Park Servi
14、ce.A.A visitor to the park.B.A presidential campaign worker.C.A park service employee.D.A tour guide from a travel agency.A.To build fires.B.To conduct scientific studies.C.To train other staff members.D.To help visitors with any difficulty.三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：8，分数：60.00)7.Part III Reading Co
15、mprehension_8.Section A_Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller 1 , faces practically every company trying to develop new products. There can be little prospect of raising the sum needed from friends, and while banks may agree to provide
16、 short-term loan, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a 2 basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to take a share in the business in 3 for a share in future profits. They do this by 4 stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By
17、 doing so they can even put into circulation the 5 savings of individuals and institutions abroad. When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he 6placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to others. Many of the services needed both by ind
18、ustry and by us are provided by the government or by 7authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity etc. , this country could not 8 . All these require 9 spending on new equipment if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government and natio
19、nalized industries therefore need to borrow money to 10 major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange. In brief, the Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which the savings can reach those who need financial help.A)continuous I)overseasB)exchange J)permanentC)finance
20、 K)precautionD)function L)recallingE)highly M)responsibleF)issuing N)scaleG)local O)securities H)originally（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_10.Section B_Which Low Carbon Technology Is Now a Reality? A)With fossil fuels expected to supply over 70% of the
21、 worlds energy needs by 2040, we face some urgent questions: where should efforts be focused in reducing greenhouse gas emissions? Which technologies hold the most promise? There are a range of low-carbon solutions and given the challenge, we will need them all. We hear a lot about the advances bein
22、g made by refreshable sources of energy such as solar, wind and hydro-electricity and these are certainly valuable technologies in combating climate change. But how can we really make a major impact in reducing carbon emissions from large power plants and industrial facilities? Enter carbon capture
23、and storageor CCSa technology that captures CO 2 from fossil fuel production and permanently stores it underground. B)The aim is to prevent the release of large quantities of CO 2 into the atmosphere(from fossil fuel use in power generation and other industries). It is a potential means of relieving
24、 the contribution of fossil fuel emissions to global warming and ocean acidification(酸化). Although CO 2 has been injected into geological formations for several decades for various purposes, including enhanced oil recovery, the long term storage of CO 2 is a relatively new concept. The first commerc
25、ial example was Weyburn in 2000. CCS can also be used to describe the scrubbing(涤气)of CO 2 from environmental air as a climate engineering technique. C)In November 2014 the Global CCS Institute released its flagship(核心的)publicationthe annual Global Status of CCS report. This comprehensive annual upd
26、ate is the prominent source of information on the development of CCS around the world. A lot of work went into updating information in the report, in cooperation with the CCS industry, as there had been quite significant changes to the CCS landscape in the preceding 12 months. This included the laun
27、ch of a large-scale CCS project in the power sector and the beginning of construction of the worlds first large-scale CCS project in the iron and steel sector. D)Large-scale CCS is now a reality in the power sector with the October 2014 launch of the Boundary Dam Integrated Carbon Capture and Storag
28、e Demonstration Project in Saskatchewan, Canada. Boundary Dam is the first commercial CCS plant in the power sector, removing 90 per cent of the CO 2 produced by electricity generation from lignite(褐煤)coal at Production Unit No. 3 of the SaskPower facility. The captured CO 2 is primarily used for en
29、hanced oil recovery(EOR)at the nearby Weyburn oil field, although amounts are also to be stored in deep geological formations at the Aquistore site. The success of the Boundary Dam project and the progression of additional projects through planning and construction, indicates that CCS technologies f
30、or application in the power sector are “market ready“. E)The next 18 - 24 months will see CCS be applied across a range of industries and storage types. A further two large-scale CCS power projects are in construction in the USthe Kemper County Energy Facility in Mississippi and the Petra Nova Carbo
31、n Capture Project in Texas. Both projects are expected to be operational in 2016. Also in the US, the Illinois Industrial CCS project planned for launch later this year will capture CO 2 from the Archer Daniels Midland corn-to-ethanol(乙醇)plant in Decatur, Illinois for storage in an onshore deep sali
32、ne formation. The Abu Dhabi CCS project in the United Arab Emirates is under construction and from 2016 will provide the worlds first large-scale demonstration of CO 2 capture from iron and steel production. F)In addition to the 22 large-scale CCS projects currently in operation or construction arou
33、nd the world, 14 projects are in advanced stages of planning, many of which are likely to be in a position to make a final investment decision over the coming year. Together this group of projects covers a range of applications for CCS and could extend to around ten in the number of large-scale CCS
34、projects operating in the power sector by the end of the decade. Their progression to operation would add experience in the dedicated geological storage of CO 2 and see operational large-scale CCS activity extend to China for the first time. G)2014 saw commercial application in the power sector beco
35、me a reality and we can look forward to a further expansion across a diverse range of industries in the coming years. The Global CCS Institute continues to cover developments in CCS with up-to-date information, expert insights, workshops, media releases and online seminars. We struggle to make CCS i
36、ndustry information easily accessible and encourage you to engage with us via our website and regular publications. H)For detailed information on large-scale CCS projects please visit our online Projects page, which you can browse or search for projects based on stage, region, industry or capture, t
37、ransport and storage type. For the first time the Institutes website contains project descriptions for around 40 lesser scale “remarkable“ CCS projects, of which four Japanese “remarkable“ CCS projects were the key focus of a chapter in the Global Status of CCS report. For ongoing expert information
38、 visit our Insights page, which is regularly updated with articles from experts in carbon capture and storage, public engagement, legal issues and policy developments. I)To join in the discussion you can attend meetings and workshops around the world, and participate in online seminars where you wil
39、l have the opportunity to listen to and ask questions of a range of experts. Visit our Events page to see upcoming meetings, conferences, workshops and seminars. Finally, for a range of up-to-date news and more detailed information, visit our news and publications sections. We look forward to coveri
40、ng this exciting period in the development of CCS and providing you with the latest information and important issues for the sector.（分数：20.00）(1).Carbon dioxide has been stored in geological formations for different purposes: however, its long term storage is comparatively new.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).A
41、final investment decision on many projects in the planning stages is likely to be made within the next year.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).The case of Boundary Dam project and a series of advancements show that CCS technologies are prepared for its application in the power sector.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).More than
42、70% of the energy demand all over the world is expected to be supplied by fossil fuels by 2040.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Information about CCS development all over the world can be obtained from the annual Global Status of CCS report.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).The purpose of CCS technology is to avoid releasing
43、a large amount of CO 2 into the atmosphere.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).The commercial use of CCS in the power sector was realized in 2014.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).The online Projects page and Insights page of Global CCS Institute will provide detailed information on large CCS projects and expert information.（分数：
44、2.00）填空项 1:_(9).It will take a year-and-a-half to two years for us to see CCS be widely used in various industries and storage types.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).Renewable energy technologies have made great progress, which will help to fight against climate change.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Section C_When English
45、as a foreign language is taught to children at the primary and early secondary levels of education, it is generally taught with a general educational aim in mindthat is, it is regarded as a “good thing“ for them to learn a foreign language as a part of a broad education. There is usually, however, no immediate and specific requirement for such children to make use of the language in any communicative situation. The purpose of learning the language is essentially a “deferred“ purpose, deferred till the tertiary(第三的)level of education, normally at uni
