1、大学英语四级-95 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)A new report released by the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) reminds us of a topic education writers almost never addressthe indecent side of the recruitment of teachers abroad for U.S. schools. The AFT report, “Import
2、ing Educators: Causes and Consequences of International Teacher Recruitment,“ has some shocking disclosures, and deserves a close reading. The report says that one recruiter for overseas-educated teachers in Newark, N.J., forced recruits to sign a contract obligating them to kick back 25 percent of
3、their salaries to the recruiter. Other recruiters claimed that they would help the teachers to get loans at 60 percent interest rate. Some forbade them to own cars. Some placed the newly arrived teachers in overcrowded, unfinished housing, the report said. The AFT was smart to start their press rele
4、ase on the report with this true statement: “The growing number of overseas-educated teachers in U.S. schools has put many talented educators in classrooms.“ Then it added the concerns that the immoral recruiting has raised. This is something for school boards and citizens to investigate in cities t
5、hat have recruited many teachers from abroad. It is another reason why we should celebrate groups like Teach For America that are working hard to persuade more Americans to consider teaching in those districts that have the greatest shortages. The best teacher I ever saw in action, the man who turne
6、d me into an education reporter, was educated in Bolivia, and taught there until he moved to the U.S. when he was 34. He was not recruited by anyone. His wife hoped that moving him to America would persuade him to stop teaching, which she thought was beneath him. His name is Jaime Escalante. If anyo
7、ne had tried any of these recruiter tricks on him, they would have regretted it for the rest of their lives. He was, and still is in retirement, a tough guy, who spent 10 years learning English and redoing his college education so he could teach here. I am sure the AFT will be very happy ff we get m
8、ore like him, and stop this exploitation of people who want to help kids.（分数：25.00）(1).What issue has long been ignored by education writers?（分数：5.00）A.Many overseas teachers wanted to work in the American schools.B.There was dirty work in the process of recruiting overseas teachers.C.The American s
9、chools recruited unqualified overseas teachers.D.Overseas teachers did not enjoy any welfare in the United States.(2).What is the AFT report mainly concerned about?（分数：5.00）A.The low salaries of the overseas teachers.B.The recruiting process of the overseas teachers.C.The need for more overseas teac
10、hers in the U.S.D.The living conditions of the overseas teachers.(3).The author is most likely to agree that “districts that have the greatest shortages“ _.（分数：5.00）A.can“t afford to hire local American teachersB.do not appeal to local American teachers at allC.have a flawed education systemD.are in
11、 great need of teachers(4).It is implied in the last paragraph that Mrs. Escalante thought that _.（分数：5.00）A.teachers were not highly respected in the U.S.B.overseas teachers were usually unfairly treatedC.her husband deserved a better job than teachingD.her husband had always wanted to change his j
12、ob(5).According to the passage, what is AFT?（分数：5.00）A.A non-government organization of teachers.B.A research institute on teachers“ issues.C.A government branch administering teachers.D.A scholarly journal issued by teachers.Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in da
13、nger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality business. We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist. But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened. They are doing a fine job
14、educationally, but they are caught in a financial squeeze, with no way to reduce rising costs or increase revenues significantly. Raising tuition doesn“t bring in more revenue, for each time tuition goes up, the enrollment goes down, or the amount that must be given away in student aid goes up. Scho
15、ols are bad businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise. They lose money on every customer, and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students. Even a very good college is a very bad business. It is s
16、uch colleges, thriving but threatened, I worry about. Low enrollment is not their chief problem. Even with full enrollments, they may go under. Efforts to save them, and preferably to keep them private, are a national necessity. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently (固有地)
17、 better than public schools. Examples to the contrary abound. Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rank as the finest in the nation and the world. It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant, and therefore diversity is a national necessity. Diversity in the way we
18、support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the forms of education. In an imperfect society such as ours, uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous. In an imperfect society, diversity is a positive good. Enthusiastic supporters of public higher education know the i
19、mportance of sustaining private higher education.（分数：25.00）(1).According to the author“s opinion, schools are bad businesses because of _.（分数：5.00）A.mismanagementB.too few studentsC.financial squeezeD.their characteristics(2).The author used the phrase “go under“ in Para. 3 to mean “_“.（分数：5.00）A.ge
20、t into difficultiesB.have low enrollmentC.have little moneyD.bring in more money(3).We can reasonably conclude from this passage that the author made an appeal to the public in order to support _.（分数：5.00）A.public institutionB.private schoolsC.uniformity of educationD.diversity of education(4).Which
21、 of the following is NOT mentioned about private schools?（分数：5.00）A.High-quality private schools deserve to be saved.B.If the tuition of the private schools is raised, the enrollment goes down.C.There are many cases to show that public schools are better than private schools.D.Private schools are mo
22、re profitable than public schools.(5).Which of the following ways could possibly save private schools?（分数：5.00）A.Raising tuition.B.Full enrollment.C.National awareness and support.D.Reduction of rising costs.When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back
23、to Grandma“s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best. But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware (粗陶)-and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hos
24、ts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times. Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobsone-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4
25、,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier. Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Roya
26、l Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend“ toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television. Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, h
27、ave gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, tightly, that it“s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real“ dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-
28、patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time? Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (“Chew with your mouth closed.“ “Keep your e
29、lbows off the table.“) must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.（分数：25.00）(1).The trend toward casual dining has resulted in _.（分数：5.00）A.bankruptcy of fine china manufacturersB.shrinking of the p
30、ottery industryC.restructuring of large enterprisesD.economic recession in Great Britain(2).Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?（分数：5.00）A.Family members need more time to relax.B.Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.C.People want to practice economy in times
31、 of scarcity.D.Young people won“t follow the etiquette of the older generation.(3).It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is _.（分数：5.00）A.a retailer of stainless steel tablewareB.a dealer in stonewareC.a pottery chain storeD.a producer of fine china(4).The main cause of the layoffs in
32、 the pottery industry is _.（分数：5.00）A.the increased value of the poundB.the economic recession in AsiaC.the change in people“s way of lifeD.the fierce competition at home and abroad(5).Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life, _.（分数：5.00）A.are still a must on cer
33、tain occasionsB.are bound to return sooner or laterC.are still being taught by parents at homeD.can help improve personal relationshipsIn bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child“s acquisition of each new skillthe first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning
34、of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to
35、 learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of s
36、trictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child“s own happiness. A
37、s regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept“. If they are not sincere and do no
38、t practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents“ principles and their morals can be a dange
39、rous disappointment.（分数：25.00）(1).Eagerly watching the child“s acquisition of new skills _.（分数：5.00）A.can be avoidedB.is universal among parentsC.sets up dangerous states of worry in the childD.will make him lose interest in learning new things(2).In the process of children“s learning new skills par
40、ents _.（分数：5.00）A.should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they readB.should not expect too much of themC.should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their ownD.should create as many learning opportunities as possible(3).The second paragr
41、aph mainly tells us that _.（分数：5.00）A.parents should be strict with their childrenB.parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the communityC.parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children aloneD.parents vary in their strictness
42、 towards their children according to the situation(4).The word “precept“ (Line 3, Para. 3) probably means “_“.（分数：5.00）A.ideaB.punishmentC.behaviorD.instruction(5).In moral matters, parents should _.（分数：5.00）A.observe the rules themselvesB.be aware of the marked difference between adults and childre
43、nC.forbid things which have no foundation in moralityD.consistently ensure the security of their children大学英语四级-95 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：100.00)A new report released by the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) reminds us of a topic education writers almost never
44、addressthe indecent side of the recruitment of teachers abroad for U.S. schools. The AFT report, “Importing Educators: Causes and Consequences of International Teacher Recruitment,“ has some shocking disclosures, and deserves a close reading. The report says that one recruiter for overseas-educated
45、teachers in Newark, N.J., forced recruits to sign a contract obligating them to kick back 25 percent of their salaries to the recruiter. Other recruiters claimed that they would help the teachers to get loans at 60 percent interest rate. Some forbade them to own cars. Some placed the newly arrived t
46、eachers in overcrowded, unfinished housing, the report said. The AFT was smart to start their press release on the report with this true statement: “The growing number of overseas-educated teachers in U.S. schools has put many talented educators in classrooms.“ Then it added the concerns that the im
47、moral recruiting has raised. This is something for school boards and citizens to investigate in cities that have recruited many teachers from abroad. It is another reason why we should celebrate groups like Teach For America that are working hard to persuade more Americans to consider teaching in th
48、ose districts that have the greatest shortages. The best teacher I ever saw in action, the man who turned me into an education reporter, was educated in Bolivia, and taught there until he moved to the U.S. when he was 34. He was not recruited by anyone. His wife hoped that moving him to America woul
49、d persuade him to stop teaching, which she thought was beneath him. His name is Jaime Escalante. If anyone had tried any of these recruiter tricks on him, they would have regretted it for the rest of their lives. He was, and still is in retirement, a tough guy, who spent 10 years learning English and redoing his college education so he could teach here. I am sure the AFT will be very happy ff we get more like him, and stop this exploitation of people who want to help kids.（分数：25.00）(1).What issue has long been ignored by
