1、大学英语四级 180 及答案解析(总分：746.58，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: To Grow Up in the Countryside or in a Big City? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below: 1孩子在乡下长大好还是城市长大好
2、，人们对此有不同看法 2我的观点 3结论 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Six Secrets of High-Energy People Theres an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “I just cant get started,” People say. But its
3、not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body. What youre seeking is not physical energy.
4、 Its emotional energy. Yet, sad to say, life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. We work too hard. We have family obligations. We encounter emergencies and personal crises. No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue, a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit. And yet we all kno
5、w people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child, I observed people who were poor, or disabled, or ill, but who nonetheless faced life with optimism and vigor. Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who, despite an extremely weak body, wrote the best-seller
6、 Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of be to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed. Unlike physical energy, which is finite and diminishes with age, emotional energy is unlimited and
7、 has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You cant simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work. 1.Do something new. Very little thats new occurs in our lives. The impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gr
8、adual, but huge: Its like a tire with a slow leak. You dont notice it at first, but eventually youll get a flat. Its up to you to plug the leak even though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. Thats where Maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago. Fortu
9、nately, Maura had a lifeline a group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life-altering changes. She joined a gym in the next town. She changed her look with a short haircut and new black T-shirts. Eventuall
10、y, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. Heres a challenge: If its something you wouldnt ordinarily do, do it. Try a dish youve never eaten. Listen to music youd ordinarily tune out. Youll discover these small things add to your emotional energy. 2.Reclaim lifes mean
11、ing. So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale. The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in invest
12、ment banking. “I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something.“ she says. “But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.“ Ivys solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy
13、filled her life with meaning. 3.Put yourself in the fun zone. Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real-estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the j
14、ob by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients. “I love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,“ she says. “Its a challenge and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun.“ We all define fun differently, of course, but I
15、 can guarantee this: If you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly. 4.Bid farewell to guilt and regret. Everyones past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. While
16、 they cant merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened is in the past, and nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present. 5.Make up your mind. Say youve been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it l
17、ook stylish or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you cant decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and dont look back. 6.Give to
18、get. Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy. With the latter, you have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it. Start by asking everyone you meet
19、, “How are you?” as if you really want to know, then listen to the reply. Be the one who hears. Most of us also need to smile more often. If you dont smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, youre sucking energy out of your relationship. Finally, help another person and make the help
20、 real, concrete. Give a massage (按摩) to someone you love, or cook her dinner, Then, expand the circle to work. Try asking yourself what youd do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient. After all, if its true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that whats circulating a
21、round you is the good stuff? （分数：71.00）(1).The energy crisis in America discussed here mainly refers to a shortage of fossil fuels.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).People these days tend to lack physical energy.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Laura Hillenbrand is an example cited to show how emotional energy can contr
22、ibute to ones success in life.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The author believes emotional energy is inherited and genetically determined.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Even small changes people make in their lives can help increase their emotional energy.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Ivy filled her life with meaning by l
23、aunching a program to help poor children.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The real-estate broker the author knows is talented in home redecoration.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).People holding on to sad memories of the past will find it difficult to 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).When it comes to decision-making, one should m
24、ake a quick choice without 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).Emotional energy is in a way different from physical energy in that the more you give, 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.Everyone loves to go to Daves party.B.They have been to Daves party.C.The man invited everyone to Daves p
25、arty.D.The woman doesnt want to go to the party with the man.A.He wants to make a long-distant telephone.B.He wants to save money.C.He wants to talk to the operator.D.He wants to know the best time to make a long-distant telephone.A.Fiji.B.Singapore.C.Switzerland.D.Italy.A.He visited Cresta last yea
26、r.B.He was ill there.C.He felt shameful.D.He is going to visit Cresta and Barcelona this year.A.3B.4C.5D.6A.To solve her problem.B.To pay attention to her house.C.To go to the seaside with her.D.To have his eye checked.A.Forty -five pounds.B.Ninety pounds.C.More than ninety pounds.D.Less than ninety
27、 pounds.A.She is going to be a ballerina.B.She wants a very rich husband.C.She wants some children.D.She will raise some animals.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.Students opinions of the program they take.B.The situation of biology education.C.The quality of professors.D.The quality of equipment.A.In th
28、e fourth year of a biology course.B.In the third year of a biology course.C.In the second year of a biology course.D.In the first year of a biology course.A.Incompetent teaching staff.B.Understaffed faculty.C.Insufficient budget.D.Unmotivated students.A.Most professors are not very committed to the
29、program.B.Some professors may go elsewhere to teach.C.Some professors treat students badly.D.The quality of professors is not satisfactory.A.In a shopping mall.B.In the dormitory.C.In the office.D.In a library.A.Because he has no extra money to buy gifts.B.Because its almost impossible to pick a per
30、fect gift.C.Because it takes a lot of time to choose gifts.D.Because his gifts are often put into the closet.A.A gift should be perfect.B.A gift should be impressive.C.A gift should be decorative.D.A gift should be practical.A.Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B.Americans enjo
31、y eating out with their friends.C.The United States is a country of immigrants.D.Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.A.They can make friends with people from other countries.B.They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C.They can practice speaking foreign languag
32、es there.D.They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.A.The couple cook the dishes and the children help them.B.The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the waitress.C.The mother does the cooking while the father and children wait on the guests.D.A hired cook prepares the dish
33、es and the family members serve the guests.A.A person whose parents are clever.B.A person who often thinks about difficult problems.C.A person who is often helped by his parents and teachers.D.A person who is born with a good brain and putting it into active use.A.To praise and encourage their child
34、ren more often.B.To be hard on their children.C.To leave their children alone with nothing to do.D.To give their children as much help as possible.A.Parents play an important part in their childrens growth.B.The less you use your mind, the duller you may become.C.Intelligence is obviously the result
35、 of where and how you live.D.What makes a person bright or stupid is still under discussion.A.They will remain stable.B.They will be raised.C.They have been changing all the time.D.They are determined directly by the supply and demand of the market.A.Grain growers.B.Operators of rural passenger ship
36、ping business.C.Taxi drivers.D.None of the above.A.By readjusting the transportation charges and offering subsidies.B.By reducing taxes and offering subsidies.C.By readjusting the transportation charges and imposing surcharges on fuel oil.D.By reducing taxes and imposing surcharges on fuel oil.六、Sec
37、tion C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Missouri State University and IBM officials announced that the university has joined IBMs Academic Initiative to better prepare students to be (36) 1leaders in technology and business. The partnership will (37) 2 students with to a wide range of free IBM software, hardware and
38、services resourcesvalued at $5 million. IBM Academic Initiative is a (38) 3that offers university and students a host of educational (39) 4to encourage the use of open standards technologies. By joining this initiative, universities receive free (40) 5to IBM software, free course material, training
39、and curriculum development and (41) 6hardware. IBM is currently working with more than 1,900 universities, 11,000 (42) 7members and 450,000 students around the world to promote open source and open standards. The US Department of Labor reports an (43) 8opportunity exists in all technological fields.
40、 (44) 9. And, that one out of every four jobs in this decade will be in IT. It notes, however, that colleges and universities will have to quadruple (使成四倍) their number of graduates by 2008 in order to meet this demand. “With the support of IBMs Academic Initiative, (45) 10,“ said a Professor. “The
41、increased global competition in the technology sector is encouraging national universities to take a more proactive approach to developing technology talent. At Missouri State, (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：
42、2，分数：355.00)Canadas Competition Bureau has some new guidelines governing on-line advertising and marketing that businesses with websites should keep in mind when making claims about products and services. On February 18, 2003, the Bureau clarified the rules relating to on-line advertising and market
43、ing in an Information Bulletin addressing the application of the Competition Act to representations on the Internet. The Competition Act basically sets out rules relating to misleading representations and deceptive marketing practices. The Bulletin was issued to foster obedience with the Competition
44、 Act and ensure greater fairness, predictability and transparency in its application to representations made on the Internet. Specifically, it contains criminal and civil provisions that prohibit misleading representations and deceptive marketing practices related to products or services. Any repres
45、entation that is false or misleading in a “material respect“ is prohibited. As determined by the courts, a representation is deemed misleading in a material respect if it conveys a false impression to the ordinary citizen and would likely influence his or her decision to purchase the product. Althou
46、gh the Bulletin is not legally binding on the Competition Bureau, it sets out the Bureaus position that the Competition Act applies equally to false or misleading representations regardless of the medium in which they are made. The rules set out in the Competition Act will be applied in a manner tha
47、t is neutral-neither biasing business activity to ward or away from the Internet. The Competition Bureau is of the opinion that responsibility for false or misleading advertisements lies with the person who “causes“ the representation to be made. In the on-line context, this would typically be the b
48、usiness that controls the content of the website and for whom the website is made available. The Bulletin provides guidance to businesses operating websites and presents the Bureaus opinion on the application of the Competition Act to representations made on line. Obviously, determining whether or not a particular representation is false or misleading will depend on all of the circumstances surrounding the representation. Businesses concerned about the potential app
