1、大学英语四级 49 及答案解析(总分：746.55，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an e-mail to change the time of an appointment. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 给你的朋友 Frank 发一封 e-mail,告诉他由于明天你要参加一场考试
2、，无法按预定计划和他见面； 2. 对此带来的不便表示抱歉； 3. 重新约定见面时间。 （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Six Secrets of High-Energy People Theres an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “I just cant get started,
3、” People say. But its not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body. What youre seeking i
4、s not physical energy. Its emotional energy. Yet, sad to say, life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. We work too hard. We have family obligations. We encounter emergencies and personal crises. No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue, a kind of utter exhaustion of the spir
5、it. And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child, I observed people who were poor, or disabled, or ill, but who nonetheless faced life with optimism and vigor. Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who, despite an extremely weak body,
6、 wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of be to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed. Unlike physical energy, which is finite and diminishes with age, emotional e
7、nergy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You cant simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work. 1.Do something new. Very little thats new occurs in our lives. The impact of this sameness on our
8、emotional energy is gradual, but huge: Its like a tire with a slow leak. You dont notice it at first, but eventually youll get a flat. Its up to you to plug the leak even though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. Thats where Maura, 36, a waitress, found her
9、self a year ago. Fortunately, Maura had a lifeline a group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. Their lively discussions spurred Maura to make small but nevertheless life-altering changes. She joined a gym in the next town. She changed her look with a short haircut and new bla
10、ck T-shirts. Eventually, Maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. Heres a challenge: If its something you wouldnt ordinarily do, do it. Try a dish youve never eaten. Listen to music youd ordinarily tune out. Youll discover these small things add to your emotional energy
11、. 2.Reclaim lifes meaning. So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale. The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 5
12、7, a pioneer in investment banking. “I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something.“ she says. “But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.“ Ivys solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children
13、. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning. 3.Put yourself in the fun zone. Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real-estate broker I know keeps h
14、erself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients. “I love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,“ she says. “Its a challenge and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun.“ We all define fun differe
15、ntly, of course, but I can guarantee this: If you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly. 4.Bid farewell to guilt and regret. Everyones past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from
16、 moving forward. While they cant merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened is in the past, and nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present. 5.Make up your mind. Say youve been thinking about cutting your
17、 hair short. Will it look stylish or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you cant decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and dont
18、 look back. 6.Give to get. Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy. With the latter, you have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it. Start by as
19、king everyone you meet, “How are you?” as if you really want to know, then listen to the reply. Be the one who hears. Most of us also need to smile more often. If you dont smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, youre sucking energy out of your relationship. Finally, help another pe
20、rson and make the help real, concrete. Give a massage (按摩) to someone you love, or cook her dinner, Then, expand the circle to work. Try asking yourself what youd do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient. After all, if its true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure th
21、at whats circulating around you is the good stuff? （分数：71.00）(1).The energy crisis in America discussed here mainly refers to a shortage of fossil fuels.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).People these days tend to lack physical energy.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Laura Hillenbrand is an example cited to show how emot
22、ional energy can contribute to ones success in life.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The author believes emotional energy is inherited and genetically determined.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Even small changes people make in their lives can help increase their emotional energy.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(6).Ivy filled her
23、life with meaning by launching a program to help poor children.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The real-estate broker the author knows is talented in home redecoration.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).People holding on to sad memories of the past will find it difficult to 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).When it comes to decisio
24、n-making, one should make a quick choice without 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).Emotional energy is in a way different from physical energy in that the more you give, 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.She felt it was tiring.B.She felt it was very nice.C.She thought it took less time.
25、D.She thought it was expensive.A.His advisor.B.His teacher.C.His partnerD.His boss.A.Both of them have overcome their fear of heights.B.The woman is afraid of high places, but the man is not.C.They are both afraid of high places.D.Both of them like to stand on high places.A.Franks car was accidental
26、ly lost.B.Frank was killed in a car accident.C.Frank fell out of a car.D.Frank survived a car accident.A.At a church.B.At a library.C.At a bank.D.At a theatre.A.He should sit in the smoking section.B.He should ask the stewardess for help.C.He should move to another part of the plane.D.He should put
27、out his cigarette at once.A.He doesnt have enough money to buy a car.B.He really doesnt want to buy a car.C.he plans to buy a car in a little while.D.He will have enough money for a car soon.A.It is customary to throw money towards the performer.B.The man is rich and can afford to throw money toward
28、s the performer.C.The man doesnt want his money any more.D.The performer hasnt showed yet.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.At a fitness centre.B.At a clinic.C.At a school.D.At a club.A.He came too early for the appointment.B.He missed the bus here.C.He went to a wrong address.D.He felt very bad when he
29、got up.A.A weak heart.B.A skin disease.C.Bronchitis.D.Kidney trouble.A.To stay in bed for two or three days.B.To have a course of antibiotics.C.To take some cough mixture.D.To exercise more regularly.A.The Defence Minister.B.The Energy Minister.C.The Prime Minister.D.The Science Minister.A.To comple
30、te the governments energy plans within two decades.B.To discuss the plans with the Opposition.C.To talk with anti - nuclear and environmentalist groups.D.To build more nuclear power stations.A.Nuclear power stations are not safe.B.Its too expensive to utilize nuclear power.C.The country has already
31、a sufficient supply of electricity.D.Other sources of energy are more readily available.A.Sports in the United States.B.The most popular sports in the United Sports.C.Three popular sports in the United States.D.Sports and United States.A.Judging by the number of the watchers.B.Judging by the number
32、of players.C.Both A and B.D.Neither of them.A.From late autumn to winter.B.From winter to spring.C.From autumn through the winter to whole spring.D.From late autumn through the winter to early spring.A.Baseball.B.Basketball.C.Volleyball.D.Football.A.Taking notes.B.Oiling the gate.C.Singing high note
33、s.D.Overcoming her weakness.A.He was attracted by Mrs Jones.B.He had heard a noise.C.He had run out of gas.D.His tyres were punctured.A.The tyres.B.Another car passing by.C.The brakes.D.Mrs Joness singing.A.She was fond of singing.B.She lived in a small house.C.She was a shy person.D.She was not con
34、scious of her weakness.A.Computers have become part of our daily lives.B.Computers have disadvantages as well as advantages.C.People have different attitudes to computers.D.More and more families will own computers.A.Computers can bring financial problems.B.Computers can bring unemployment.C.Compute
35、rs can be very useful in families.D.Computerized robots can take over some unpleasant jobs.A.Computers may change the life they have been accustomed to.B.Spending too much time on computers may spoil peoples relationship.C.Buying computers may cost a lot of money.D.Computers may take over from human
36、 beings altogether.A.Affectionate.B.Disapproving.C.Approving.D.Neutral.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some of the notebooks George Washington kept as a young man are still in (36) 1. They show that he was learning Latin, was very interested in the basics of good behavior in society, and was reading Engl
37、ish (37) 2. At school he seemed only to have been interested in (38) 3. In fact his formal education was (39) 4 brief for a gentleman, and incomplete. For unlike other young Virginian gentlemen of that day, he did not go to the College of William and Mary in the Virginian (40) 5 of Williamsburg. In
38、terms of formal (41) 6 then, Washington (42) 7 sharply with some other early American Presidents such as John Adams, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. In later years, Washington probably regretted his lack of (43) 8 . (44) 9, or on any subject that had not to do with everyday, practical matters. (
39、45) 10, he did not visit the country he admired so much. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)It is hard to get any agreement on the accurate meaning of the term “social class“. In everyday life, people
40、 tend to have a different approach to those they consider their equals from that which they assume with people they consider higher or lower than themselves in the social scale. The criteria we use to “place“ a new acquaintance(熟人) , however, are a complex mixture of factors. Dress, way of speaking,
41、 area of residence in a given city or province, education and manners all play a part. In Greece, after the sixth-century B. C. , there was a growing conflict between the peasants and the landed aristocrats (贵族) , and a gradual decrease in the power of the aristocracy when a kind of “middle class“ o
42、f traders and skilled workers grew up. The population of Athens, for example, was divided into three main classes which were politically and legally distinct. About one-third of the total were slaves, who did not count politically at all, a fact often forgotten by those who praise Athens as the nurs
43、ery of democracy. The next main group consisted of resident foreigners, the “metics“, who were freemen, though they two were allowed no share in political life. The third group was the powerful body of “citizens“, who were themselves divided into sub-classes. In tile later Middle Ages, however, the
44、development of monetary economy and the growth of cities and trade led to the rise of another class, the “burghers“ or city merchants and mayors. These were the predecessors of the modern middle classes. Gradually high office and occupation assumed importance in determining social position, as it be
45、came more and more possible for a person born to one station in life to move to another. This change affected the towns more than the country areas, where remnants of feudalism lasted much longer. With the break-up of the feudal economy, the increasing division of labour, and the growing power of th
46、e town burghers(公民) , the commercial and professional middle class became more and more important in Europe, and the older privileged class, the landed aristocracy, began to lose some of its power. （分数：177.50）(1).The main idea of the first paragraph is that_.（分数：35.50）A.to define the term social cla
47、ss does not involve much difficultyB.there is much alternation in peoples social classesC.to evaluate a persons social class is a very complex procedureD.we can tell which social class a person belongs to by the way he behaves(2).In Line 5 Paragraph 1, “criteria“ most probably means_.（分数：35.50）A.sta
48、ndards of judgementB.waysC.criticismD.characteristic(3).The decline of the Greek aristocracy s power in the sixth century B. C. was the result of_.（分数：35.50）A.the conflicts between the peasants and the landed aristocratsB.the foreign residentsC.slavesD.the newly emerging middle class in the sixth century(4).Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE, according to the passage?（分数：35.50）A.Slaves in Greece in the sixth century B. C. were not politically si
