1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 485 及答案解析(总分：97.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：16.50)1.Never Overprotect the Children For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the excessive protection for c
2、hildren from family. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：16.50）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Children who spend more than two hours a day at a computer or watching television are more likely than others to have mental problems, scien
3、tists say. Researchers found that 11-year-olds who spent several hours in front of a screen each day did worse on mental health tests, no matter how much physical exercise they got. The University of Bristol study, published in Pediatrics, involved more than 1,000 children aged about 10. They also h
4、ad the kids fill out questionnaires designed to gauge the kids“ emotional well-being and behavior. The questionnaires contained 20 questions covering five sectionsemotional difficulties, conduct problems, hyperactivity or inattention, friendships and peer groups and problems relating to friends and
5、peer groups. The study found no direct evidence that sitting in front of a screen actually causes mental health problems. Instead, it suggests that children with difficulties, such as extreme shyness, are more likely to choose TV or computer games than sociable activities. In the study, children wer
6、e asked whether they agreed, disagreed or somewhat agree with a list of statements, including, “I generally play alone or keep to myself“ and, “I am often unhappy or tearful“. They were also asked how much exercise they took and how long they spent at a TV or computer screen. According to the study,
7、 children who spent more than two hours a day at a screen had a 60% higher risk of mental problems than children who spent fewer viewing hours. The risk was only slightly higher in children who did little or no exercise. “Physical activity is good for health in many ways, but it can“t make up for lo
8、ng hours of screen viewing. Parents should consider limiting their children“s screen viewing to no more than 2 hours a day,“ said the study organizer, Angie Page. Previous studies have raised concerns that watching too much television can affect children“s behavior in later life. A Canadian study fo
9、und that those who watched most TV as young children performed worse at school, ate more junk food and had more trouble concentrating.（分数：10.00）(1).What information can we get about the University of Bristol study?（分数：2.00）A.The results of it have been published.B.All kids who take part in the study
10、 had an interview.C.The questionnaires of it contained five questions.D.It was done by an elementary school.(2).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.It describes the reasons people watch television.B.It reports the findings of a scientific study.C.It discusses ways to improve children“s physi
11、cal health.D.It advises parents on raising their children.(3).How did the researchers carry out the study?（分数：2.00）A.By reviewing children“s records online.B.By interviewing children“s parents.C.By watching children in their home.D.By asking children questions.(4).Which of the children behavior belo
12、w leads to the highest risk of the mental problems, according to the University of Bristol study?（分数：2.00）A.Playing computer every day.B.Watching TV 3 hours per day.C.Doing few physical activities.D.Owning few friends.(5).How can children improve mental health according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.By
13、limiting TV and computer use to less than two hours a day.B.By getting more physical exercise.C.By playing more educational computer games.D.By going to bed earlier each night.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be r
14、outinely screened for new tumorsor doesn“t it? While such vigilant (警觉的) tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it“s
15、 important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing. In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients“ remaining years. But the messag
16、e that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups. It“s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer
17、screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal
18、experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy (预期寿命). A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decision
19、s about who will truly benefit from screeningespecially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population. It“s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover the
20、mselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care.“ That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.（分数：71.00）(1).Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elde
21、rly people?（分数：14.20）A.It is believed to contribute to long life.B.It is part of their health care package.C.The elderly are more sensitive about their health.D.The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.(2).How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?（分数：14.2
22、0）A.It adds too much to their medical bills.B.It helps increase their life expectancy.C.They are doubtful about its necessity.D.They think it does more harm than good.(3).What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?（分数：14.20）A.It applies to women over 50.B.It is a must for
23、adult women.C.It is optional for young women.D.It doesn“t apply to women over 74.(4).Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?（分数：14.20）A.They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.B.They want to take advantage of the medical care system.C.They want data for medical r
24、esearch.D.They want their patients to suffer less.(5).What does the author say is the general view about health care?（分数：14.20）A.The more, the better.B.Prevention is better than cure.C.Better early than late.D.Better care, longer life.大学英语四级分类模拟题 485 答案解析(总分：97.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：
25、16.50)1.Never Overprotect the Children For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the excessive protection for children from family. You should write at least 120 words but no mo
26、re than 180 words. （分数：16.50）_正确答案：()解析：Never Overprotect the ChildrenIn the picture, a little boy is walking in the rain. His mother is holding an umbrella for him. Likewise, his father is holding an umbrella for his mother and his grandmother for his father. His grandfather is coming up to join th
27、em. Obviously, the picture is to highlight the overprotective behaviors of family towards children and the harms they may cause. In my opinion, parents should leave some room for kids to experience and take charge. Although it is quite understandable that parents want their kids to be safe and sound
28、, it is not beneficial to the kids“ development and growth. Kids are flowers that need to be weathered to get stronger and survive subsequent storms. If parents build a carefree and trouble-free fantasy for their children, they will not grow into independent individuals, capable of handling various
29、difficulties in life. In short, it is advisable that parents know the importance of letting go and launching children on the journey to independence. Anyway, the wild world is the destination for them when they grow up.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Children who spen
30、d more than two hours a day at a computer or watching television are more likely than others to have mental problems, scientists say. Researchers found that 11-year-olds who spent several hours in front of a screen each day did worse on mental health tests, no matter how much physical exercise they
31、got. The University of Bristol study, published in Pediatrics, involved more than 1,000 children aged about 10. They also had the kids fill out questionnaires designed to gauge the kids“ emotional well-being and behavior. The questionnaires contained 20 questions covering five sectionsemotional diff
32、iculties, conduct problems, hyperactivity or inattention, friendships and peer groups and problems relating to friends and peer groups. The study found no direct evidence that sitting in front of a screen actually causes mental health problems. Instead, it suggests that children with difficulties, s
33、uch as extreme shyness, are more likely to choose TV or computer games than sociable activities. In the study, children were asked whether they agreed, disagreed or somewhat agree with a list of statements, including, “I generally play alone or keep to myself“ and, “I am often unhappy or tearful“. T
34、hey were also asked how much exercise they took and how long they spent at a TV or computer screen. According to the study, children who spent more than two hours a day at a screen had a 60% higher risk of mental problems than children who spent fewer viewing hours. The risk was only slightly higher
35、 in children who did little or no exercise. “Physical activity is good for health in many ways, but it can“t make up for long hours of screen viewing. Parents should consider limiting their children“s screen viewing to no more than 2 hours a day,“ said the study organizer, Angie Page. Previous studi
36、es have raised concerns that watching too much television can affect children“s behavior in later life. A Canadian study found that those who watched most TV as young children performed worse at school, ate more junk food and had more trouble concentrating.（分数：10.00）(1).What information can we get a
37、bout the University of Bristol study?（分数：2.00）A.The results of it have been published. B.All kids who take part in the study had an interview.C.The questionnaires of it contained five questions.D.It was done by an elementary school.解析：解析 细节题。“The University of Bristol study, published in Pediatrics.
38、had the kids fill out questionnaires”和“the questionnaires contained 20 questions covering five sections”，由此可见 A 正确，C 和 D 错误。B 则全文都没有提及。(2).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.It describes the reasons people watch television.B.It reports the findings of a scientific study. C.It discusses ways
39、 to improve children“s physical health.D.It advises parents on raising their children.解析：解析 主旨题。本文全文都在围绕着这项研究展开，包括研究的背景，方法，结果和推论。而作者一直都非常客观地描述着这项研究。故选 B 正确。(3).How did the researchers carry out the study?（分数：2.00）A.By reviewing children“s records online.B.By interviewing children“s parents.C.By watc
40、hing children in their home.D.By asking children questions. 解析：解析 细节题。“The University of Bristol study, published in Pediatrics, involved more than 1,000 children aged about 10. They also had the kids fill out questionnaires designed to gauge the kids“ emotional well-being and behavior”，可见研究的方法是通过调查
41、问卷的方式，故选 D 正确。(4).Which of the children behavior below leads to the highest risk of the mental problems, according to the University of Bristol study?（分数：2.00）A.Playing computer every day.B.Watching TV 3 hours per day. C.Doing few physical activities.D.Owning few friends.解析：解析 细节题。第五段中提到孩子们每天看电视时间或者
42、用电脑时间超过两小时会导致心理问题的增加，故 B 正确。A 项没有说到玩电脑的时间，如果不超过两个小时，也不会增加风险。从“physical activity is good for health in many ways, but it can“t make up for long hours of screen viewing”中可以看出体育活动并不会缓解看屏幕时间长带来的危害，故 C 错误。D 项文中没有提及。(5).How can children improve mental health according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.By limiting
43、 TV and computer use to less than two hours a day. B.By getting more physical exercise.C.By playing more educational computer games.D.By going to bed earlier each night.解析：解析 细节题。文章的主要观点是过久地看屏幕可以导致儿童心理问题，而这种危害是其他活动是弥补不了的。故选 A 正确。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as w
44、e age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumorsor doesn“t it? While such vigilant (警觉的) tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of peopl
45、e over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it“s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing. In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health
46、problems in patients“ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.
47、It“s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors fo
48、r cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy (预期寿命). A recent study sugges
49、ts that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screeningespecially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population. It“s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rati
