1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 487及答案解析(总分：101.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. You should write a short essay on the topic Excess Spending on Campus. 写作导航 1.指出大学生花
2、费过多这一校园现象；2.从家庭教育、生活水平、兴趣爱好、校园爱情等方面阐述该现象产生的原因；3.提出支持节约、反对浪费的观点。 （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science, it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new
3、, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you don“t, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits. The only solid piece of scientifi
4、c truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenmen
5、t (启蒙运动) to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering (迷惑) seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation (对抗) with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we eith
6、er pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad be
7、ing ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted. But we are making a beginning, and there ough
8、t to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can“t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can“t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another m
9、atter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.（分数：10.00）(1).We confronted with ignorance by _ today.（分数：2.00）A.pretending to understand how things workedB.totally ignoring the problemC.exploring it in earnestD.
10、simply making up stories to fill the gaps(2).According to the passage, good science means _.（分数：2.00）A.something that will help people to make the right choice in advanceB.producing results which cannot be foreseenC.bringing about disturbing resultsD.something surprise the brightest minds of the 18t
11、h century Enlightenment(3).The author“s attitude towards science is _.（分数：2.00）A.negativeB.confidentC.depressedD.doubtful(4).According to the passage, which one about scientists in earlier times is Not true?（分数：2.00）A.They invented stories to explain things they didn“t understand.B.They falsely clai
12、med to know how things worked.C.They did not believe in results from scientific observation.D.They paid little attention to the problems they didn“t understand.(5).The author believes that（分数：2.00）A.consciousness is not in the scope of scientific researchB.sooner or later man can think up all the qu
13、estions concerning natureC.man can“t solve every problem he thinks upD.man will find solutions to any questions concerning nature he can think up五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)During the Second World War, doctors tried to save severely burned pilots with grafts of donated skin. The grafted skin looked
14、 good for a few days, but then withered and died. Studies led by Peter Medawarwho won a 1960 Nobel Prize for his workfound that grafts of an individual“s own skin did work, while those of a donor did not. We now know that the donor skin grafts failed because the recipient“s immune system recognized
15、the grafted skin as foreign and killed it. The same process leads to the rejection of donated organs. But how does our immune system learn what is self and what is foreign? As immunologist Daniel Davis explains in The Compatibility Gene , it is all down to specific genesformally known as the major h
16、istocompatibility complex genes. Although our appearance, lifestyle and career path may make us feel unique, we are actually always one of a group: it is only our compatibility genes that define us as true individuals. Davis provides a well-written and easy-to-read account of the sometimes complicat
17、ed biology behind the crucial genes that affect our lives so profoundly. From early on in the evolution of life, individual cellsand later multicellular organismsdeveloped the ability to recognize that which was the same as them, and that which was different. Davis recounts how, when we are growing
18、as fetuses, our compatibility genes train the immune system to recognize our own cells and tissues as “self“ and so, in healthy people, they know what not to attack. Our cells are identified by the presence of unique surface molecules, coded for by the compatibility genes. Meanwhile, our immune syst
19、ems make antibodies. These are randomly generated in a kind of lottery, which means they will be able to attack a great diversity of molecules, especially those of pathogens. By chance, though, a few of these antibodies will also match the compatibility-gene molecules on our own cells. Leaving such
20、antibodies around would be suicideliterally. To stop this, Darwinian-style selection comes into play within the immune system, eliminating any cells that produce antibodies matching “self“.（分数：71.00）(1).Why did the grafted skin withere and die after a few days?（分数：14.20）A.Because a person“s immune s
21、ystem identifies the grafted skin which comes from other people.B.Because people have different immune systems, and these immune systems can not be blended together.C.Because the special features of grafted skin can not be adapted by the recipients.D.Because the recipients do not have powerful immun
22、e system for fighting diseases.(2).Why does the author say “Although our appearance, lifestyle and career path may make us feel unique, we are actually always one of a group“?（分数：14.20）A.People may have same appearance, lifestyle or career path, which can not be the unique feature.B.Our appearance,
23、lifestyle and career path can help us distinguish ourselves from a group.C.People may have different appearance, lifestyle or career path, but they still can not be true individuals.D.Our appearance, lifestyle and career path define us to be a member of a group.(3).Which of the following does not he
24、lp people develop the ability to recognize that which is different from them?（分数：14.20）A.Multicellular organisms.B.Individual cells.C.Compatibility genes.D.Surface molecules.(4).Which of the following is the explanation of “our immune systems make antibodies“?（分数：14.20）A.Immune systems can recognize
25、 the grafted skin as foreign.B.Immune systems have the ability to attack a great diversity of pathogens.C.Immune systems are able to recognize that which was the same as them, and that which was different.D.Immune systems make compatibility genes define us as true individuals.(5).What does the passa
26、ge mainly talk about?（分数：14.20）A.Your compatibility genes make you unique as well as affecting all parts of your life.B.Donor skin grafts failed because the recipient“s immune system recognized the grafted skin as foreign and killed it.C.Our appearance, lifestyle and career path may make us feel uni
27、que, so that grafted skin can not live in our body.D.Our immune systems are able to attack a great diversity of molecules, especially those of pathogens.大学英语四级分类模拟题 487答案解析(总分：101.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short ess
28、ay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. You should write a short essay on the topic Excess Spending on Campus. 写作导航 1.指出大学生花费过多这一校园现象；2.从家庭教育、生活水平、兴趣爱好、校园爱情等方面阐述该现象产生的原因；3.提出支持节约、反对浪费的观点。 （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：范文 Excess Spending on CampusA recent survey indicates that the
29、monthly expenditure of a college student has been on the sharp rise. Many college students have no concept of thrift in their mind at all. The following factors contribute to this excess spending. First of all, as the only child of their families, many students are the apples in their families“ eyes
30、 and naturally get more care and pocket money. Some are even spoiled and take spending money from their parents for granted. In addition, with the improvement of living standards, parents can also afford higher expenditure of their children. Moreover, some students like to pursue fashion and trends,
31、 which can be quite costly. Finally, campus love is another possible factor causing too much spending. From my point of view, college students should learn to be thrifty. We should limit our expenditure on daily necessities but not buy whatever we want regardless of their prices. The habit of thrift
32、 can help us form right values and is favorable to our future development.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science, it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new,
33、 they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you don“t, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits. The only solid piece of scientific
34、 truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment
35、 (启蒙运动) to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering (迷惑) seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation (对抗) with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we eithe
36、r pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad bei
37、ng ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted. But we are making a beginning, and there ought
38、 to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can“t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can“t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another ma
39、tter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.（分数：10.00）(1).We confronted with ignorance by _ today.（分数：2.00）A.pretending to understand how things workedB.totally ignoring the problemC.exploring it in earnest D.
40、simply making up stories to fill the gaps解析：解析 细节题。文中第三段第二句提到，人类早期通过三种方式来掩盖自己的无知，we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps，即选项 A、B、D 中提到的内容，而 C项是现在人们解决问题的方式，故选 C。(2).According to the passage, good science means _.（分数：2.00）A
41、.something that will help people to make the right choice in advanceB.producing results which cannot be foreseen C.bringing about disturbing resultsD.something surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment解析：解析 细节题。文中第一段第一句提到，if it is really good science, it is impossible to predict
42、，即好的科学是不可预测的，B 选项符合题意，故选 B。(3).The author“s attitude towards science is _.（分数：2.00）A.negativeB.confident C.depressedD.doubtful解析：解析 推断题。文中最后一段第一句提到，But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction，接下来又提到，可能遇到的困难；最后一句提到，we should be able to work our way through to all our answer
43、s，可见作者对科技的发展是很有信心的，故选 B。(4).According to the passage, which one about scientists in earlier times is Not true?（分数：2.00）A.They invented stories to explain things they didn“t understand.B.They falsely claimed to know how things worked.C.They did not believe in results from scientific observation. D.Th
44、ey paid little attention to the problems they didn“t understand.解析：解析 推断题。关于早期科学家的说法在文中的第三段，A、B、D 三个选项是对第三段科学家三种作为的转述，只有 C不是早期科学家的作为，故选 C。(5).The author believes that（分数：2.00）A.consciousness is not in the scope of scientific researchB.sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nat
45、ureC.man can“t solve every problem he thinks upD.man will find solutions to any questions concerning nature he can think up 解析：解析 细节题。文中最后一段提到，There are probably no questions we can think up that can“t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness,即：可能我们提出的问题没有不能解答的，即使是人的意
46、识的问题，与选项 D符合。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：71.00)During the Second World War, doctors tried to save severely burned pilots with grafts of donated skin. The grafted skin looked good for a few days, but then withered and died. Studies led by Peter Medawarwho won a 1960 Nobel Prize for his workfound that graf
47、ts of an individual“s own skin did work, while those of a donor did not. We now know that the donor skin grafts failed because the recipient“s immune system recognized the grafted skin as foreign and killed it. The same process leads to the rejection of donated organs. But how does our immune system
48、 learn what is self and what is foreign? As immunologist Daniel Davis explains in The Compatibility Gene , it is all down to specific genesformally known as the major histocompatibility complex genes. Although our appearance, lifestyle and career path may make us feel unique, we are actually always
49、one of a group: it is only our compatibility genes that define us as true individuals. Davis provides a well-written and easy-to-read account of the sometimes complicated biology behind the crucial genes that affect our lives so profoundly. From early on in the evolution of life, individual cellsand later multicellular organismsdeveloped the ability to rec
