1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 490 及答案解析(总分：207.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on independence. You should write at least 120 word
2、s but no more than 180 words. （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)A Buffalo charter school, run by a for-profit company, received $7.2 million in taxpayer money last year to educate about 500 elementary and middle school students. But at the end of the year, th
3、e audit it submitted to the state listed its expenses only in broad brushstrokes, including $1.3 million in rent for a building the company owned, $976,000 for executive administration and $361,000 in professional fees. Officials from the New York State teachers“ union, testifying at a crowded State
4、 Senate hearing, raised the case of the school, Buffalo United, as an example of what it said was wrong with the oversight of charter schools throughout the state. The union said the case supported its view that no new charter schools should be authorised unless oversight is strengthened. “How much
5、is profit?“ asked Andrew Pallotta, the executive vice president of New York State United Teachers. “There is truly too much we don“t know and can“t know.“ The union“s concerns fell on mostly friendly ears at the all-day hearing, which had been called by Senator Bill Perkins of Harlem, an outspoken c
6、ritic of the charter school movement. Teachers“ unions have generally opposed charter schools, which tend not to be unionised. On Thursday, the state union listed allegations against charter schools that included conflict of interest and outright theft. Brooklyn Charter School in Bedford-Stuyvesant,
7、 it said, had acquired, as a subsidiary, a bridal shop linked to the president of the school“s board. A state comptroller“s audit of a second Buffalo charter school, Western New York Maritime, found that big-screen televisions and computer equipment had been sent to the personal addresses of employe
8、es, the union said. “The corruption and the politicisation are the Achilles“ heel of the movement,“ Mr Perkins said. Officials responsible for authorising and overseeing charter schools said there was room for more accountability and transparency from charter schools, but they said that the controls
9、 were already robust. “It is good that the bad actors have come to light,“ said John B. King Jr, the senior deputy commissioner of the state Education Department. “I actually think that there is a lot of common ground here, and if we create the right conversation, there is room to both improve chart
10、ers and increase the number.“（分数：71.00）(1).What can we learn from the first paragraph?（分数：14.20）A.Most charter schools are run by for-profit companies.B.A Buffalo charter school seemed to have over-spent last year.C.Charter schools should be monitored over education quality.D.The expense-list of a c
11、harter school was not transparent.(2).What does New York State teachers“ union think of charter schools?（分数：14.20）A.They can regulate themselves well without outside intervention.B.They should subject themselves to teachers“ union“s supervision.C.They should be canceled and no new ones should be aut
12、horised.D.They should get more strict supervision before new ones“ being set up.(3).The term “Achilles“ heel“ in the fifth paragraph can be replaced by “_“.（分数：14.20）A.vulnerable spotB.characteristicC.inevitable problemD.peak(4).What is said about officials responsible for authorising and overseeing
13、 charter schools?（分数：14.20）A.They were determined to supervise charter schools strictly.B.Their behaviour on charter schools confirmed to their words.C.They thought they had put a good control on charter schools.D.Their supervision on charter schools was transparent enough.(5).What is John B. King J
14、r“s attitude towards authorising more charter schools?（分数：14.20）A.Opposed.B.Concerned.C.Approved.D.Indifferent.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure
15、and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite an
16、d frustrate the scientist. This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production
17、of gadgets (小器具); and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, orindependently of any coursesimply to provide a better understandin
18、g of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciat
19、ion of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive (普遍的，流行的) in our culture. We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of th
20、e scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter t
21、raditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset (抵消) this built-in bias, we ha
22、ve adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally. We have also trie
23、d to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn“t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.（分数：
24、10.00）(1).According to the passage, “scientific subculture“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.cultural groups that are formed by scientistsB.people whose knowledge of science is very limitedC.the scientific communityD.people who make good contribution to science(2).We need to know something about the structure and
25、 operation of science because _.（分数：2.00）A.it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientistsB.science affects almost every aspect of our lifeC.scientists live in a specific subcultureD.it is easier to understand general characteristics of science(3).The book mentioned in t
26、his passage is written for readers who _.（分数：2.00）A.are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about scienceB.are good at producing various gadgetsC.work in a storehouse of dried factsD.want to have a superficial understanding of science(4).According to this passage, _.（分数：
27、2.00）A.English is a sexist languageB.only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidlyC.women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our languageD.male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists(5).This passage most probably is _.（分数
28、：2.00）A.a book reviewB.the preface of a bookC.the postscript of a bookD.the concluding part of a book六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：106.50)2.杭州是一座有悠久历史的文化名城。古老的“良渚文化”遗址(Liangzhu Culture ruins)就能证明在4000 多年前，这里已有人类繁衍生息。在中国历史上，曾有两个朝代(dynasty)在此建都，历时 237 年。杭州的美孕育了美的艺术。历代的大诗人、大文学家、大艺术家都在杭州留下了不朽的篇章。此外，杭州的民间艺
29、术(folk art)和手工艺更是异彩纷呈，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。 （分数：106.50）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 490 答案解析(总分：207.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on i
30、ndependence. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：On IndependenceThe picture presents a boy with a big backpack on his shoulders. It is obvious that he is on his way to some place. Nowadays, it is more common than ever for young people to rush into ind
31、ependence, especially for those who leave home to pursue study or work on their own. It goes without saying that independence helps young people better understand the people around them and the world. Besides, living on their own enables them to face and overcome difficulties better. However, as eve
32、ry coin has two sides, we cannot turn a blind eye to the unavoidable disadvantages of early independence of some young people. For one thing, some students in their teens are still immature. They need proper protection against all the temptations and evils of society. For another, they are inclined
33、to allot their time and energy inappropriately. Some of them may have to spend the lion“s share of their time earning their own living; while some others, with no parental supervision, may fall into the habit of playing games day and night. To sum up, young people should think the advantages and dis
34、advantages of early independence seriously before making the decision to leave home and face life“s challenges alone.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)A Buffalo charter school, run by a for-profit company, received $7.2 million in taxpayer money last year to educate abo
35、ut 500 elementary and middle school students. But at the end of the year, the audit it submitted to the state listed its expenses only in broad brushstrokes, including $1.3 million in rent for a building the company owned, $976,000 for executive administration and $361,000 in professional fees. Offi
36、cials from the New York State teachers“ union, testifying at a crowded State Senate hearing, raised the case of the school, Buffalo United, as an example of what it said was wrong with the oversight of charter schools throughout the state. The union said the case supported its view that no new chart
37、er schools should be authorised unless oversight is strengthened. “How much is profit?“ asked Andrew Pallotta, the executive vice president of New York State United Teachers. “There is truly too much we don“t know and can“t know.“ The union“s concerns fell on mostly friendly ears at the all-day hear
38、ing, which had been called by Senator Bill Perkins of Harlem, an outspoken critic of the charter school movement. Teachers“ unions have generally opposed charter schools, which tend not to be unionised. On Thursday, the state union listed allegations against charter schools that included conflict of
39、 interest and outright theft. Brooklyn Charter School in Bedford-Stuyvesant, it said, had acquired, as a subsidiary, a bridal shop linked to the president of the school“s board. A state comptroller“s audit of a second Buffalo charter school, Western New York Maritime, found that big-screen televisio
40、ns and computer equipment had been sent to the personal addresses of employees, the union said. “The corruption and the politicisation are the Achilles“ heel of the movement,“ Mr Perkins said. Officials responsible for authorising and overseeing charter schools said there was room for more accountab
41、ility and transparency from charter schools, but they said that the controls were already robust. “It is good that the bad actors have come to light,“ said John B. King Jr, the senior deputy commissioner of the state Education Department. “I actually think that there is a lot of common ground here,
42、and if we create the right conversation, there is room to both improve charters and increase the number.“（分数：71.00）(1).What can we learn from the first paragraph?（分数：14.20）A.Most charter schools are run by for-profit companies.B.A Buffalo charter school seemed to have over-spent last year.C.Charter
43、schools should be monitored over education quality.D.The expense-list of a charter school was not transparent. 解析：解析 根据题干中的 the first paragraph 将本题出处定位于第 1 段。 第 1 段指出一所布法罗特许学校去年收到了来自纳税人 720 万美元的资金。接着下文又转折指出在今年年底，该校提交给政府的账目只是粗略列出了学校的几项花费，其中包括 130 万美元的楼房租金(而这栋大楼本就属该公司所有)，97.6 万美元的行政管理费和 36.1 万美元的专业人员费
44、用。从数字和叙述中可一眼看出该校的花费存在问题，费用清单不透明，故 D 为答案。(2).What does New York State teachers“ union think of charter schools?（分数：14.20）A.They can regulate themselves well without outside intervention.B.They should subject themselves to teachers“ union“s supervision.C.They should be canceled and no new ones should
45、be authorised.D.They should get more strict supervision before new ones“ being set up. 解析：解析 根据题干中的 New York state teachers“ union 将本题出处定位于第 2 段。 第 2 段最后一句说，联合会称这起事件有力地支持了他们的观点，即如果不加强监督，政府便不该再批准设立新的特许学校。D 符合原文，故为答案。(3).The term “Achilles“ heel“ in the fifth paragraph can be replaced by “_“.（分数：14.20
46、）A.vulnerable spot B.characteristicC.inevitable problemD.peak解析：解析 根据题干中的 Achilles“ heel 将本题出处定位于第 5 段。 由 corruption 和 politicization 两个词可推知 Achilles“ heel 指的是某种问题，可排除 B、D 两项。文中说特许学校需要加强监管，说明这种问题是可以通过加强监管解决的，故排除 C。A 为答案，Achilles“ heel 意为“致命弱点；薄弱环节”，取自希腊神话。(4).What is said about officials responsible
47、 for authorising and overseeing charter schools?（分数：14.20）A.They were determined to supervise charter schools strictly.B.Their behaviour on charter schools confirmed to their words.C.They thought they had put a good control on charter schools. D.Their supervision on charter schools was transparent e
48、nough.解析：解析 根据题干中的 officials responsible for authorising and overseeing charter schools 将本题出处定位于第 6 段。 第 6 段对负责授权和监督特许学校的官员的言论进行了说明，他们一方面称特许学校还应该承担更多责任，其透明度也还需增加，同时又称当前的控制已经很到位了。C 是原文的细节再现，故为答案。(5).What is John B. King Jr“s attitude towards authorising more charter schools?（分数：14.20）A.Opposed.B.Concerned.C.Approved. D.Indifferent.解析：解析 根据题干中的 John B. King Jr 将本题出处定位于最后一段。 最后一段小约翰B金说，“不过事实上我认为我们有很多共识，如果我们展开合适的对话，便有可能改善特许学校的状况，开办更多的特许学校。”由此得知他是赞同授权建立更多的特许学校的，故 C 为答案。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost eve
