1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 499 及答案解析(总分：126.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Early Bird Catches the Worm . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below. Success goes to tho
2、se who get an early start in their day. We should try our best to be prepared for everything in advance. （分数：20.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The vast glaciers of western Antarctica are rapidly melting and losing ice to the sea and almost certainly have “passed
3、the point of no return,“ according to new work by two separate teams of scientists. The likely result: a rise in global sea levels of 4 feet or more in the coming centuries, says research made public Monday by scientists at the University of Washington, the University of California-Irvine and NASA“s
4、 Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “It really is an amazingly distressing situation,“ says Pennsylvania State University glaciologist (冰川学家) Sridhar Anandakrishnan, who was not affiliated with either study. “This is a huge part of West Antarctica, and it seems to have been kicked over the edge.“ The resear
5、chers say the fate of the glaciers is almost certainly beyond hope. One study shows that a river of ice called Thwaites Glacier is probably in the early stages of collapse. Total collapse is almost inevitable, the study shows. A second study shows that a half-dozen glaciers are pouring ice into the
6、sea at an ever-greater pace. That will trigger 4 feet of sea-level rise, says study author Eric Rignot, a glaciologist at the University of California-Irvine, and NASA“s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “The retreat of ice in that area is unstoppable,“ Rignot said at a briefing Monday, adding that the gla
7、ciers have “passed the point of no return.“ Rignot and his team used data from satellites and aircraft to map changes in six West Antarctic glaciers and the terrain underlying these massive ice floes (浮冰). The data show the glaciers are stretching out, thinning and shrinking in volume. They“re also
8、flowing faster from the continent“s interior to the sea, dumping larger quantities of ice into the ocean than before and thereby raising sea levels. At the same time, the portion of each glacier projecting into the sea is being melted from below by warm ocean water. That leads to a vicious cycle of
9、more thinning and faster flow, and the local terrain offers no barrier to the glaciers“ retreat, the researchers report in an upcoming issue of Geophysical Research Letters. A report in this week“s Science says the Thwaites Glacier will collapse, perhaps in 200 years. The paper doesn“t specify the a
10、mount of sea-level rise associated with Thwaites“ demise.（分数：71.00）(1).Who contributed to the Monday research?（分数：14.20）A.The two separate teams of scientists.B.Scientists at the University of Washington, of California-Irvine and NASA“s Lab.C.Scientists at Pennsylvania State University.D.Several gla
11、ciologists.(2).What is the current situation of Thwaites Glacier?（分数：14.20）A.It is on the edge of inevitable collapsing.B.It has completely gone.C.It is becoming larger in volume.D.It is flowing to the sea.(3).What are the problems of Antarctic glaciers?（分数：14.20）A.They are becoming smaller in volum
12、e.B.They are flowing at a faster speed to the sea.C.They are pouring more and more ice into the sea.D.All the above.(4).What does the report in Geophysical Research Letters show?（分数：14.20）A.The ice poured into the sea is being melted from above.B.The melting of the ice can result in the vicious cycl
13、e of the glaciers“ melting.C.The local terrain has nothing to do with glacier retreat.D.Warm ocean water can slow down the glaciers“ melting.(5).According to the passage, what do the words “passed the point of no return“ mean (Line 2, Para.1)?（分数：14.20）A.The glaciers can“t flow back to the continent
14、s.B.The glaciers are different from what they were years ago.C.The melting of glaciers has come to the stage of being inevitable.D.The speed of glacier melting can“t return to the former one.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The gift of being able to describe a face accurately is a rare one, as every exp
15、erienced police officer knows to his cost. As The Lancet put it recently: “When we try to describe faces precisely words fail us, and we resort to identikit (拼图认人) procedures.“ Yet, according to one authority on the subject, we can each probably recognize more than 1,000 faces, the majority of which
16、 differ in fine details. This, when one comes to think of it, is a tremendous feat, though, curiously enough, relatively little attention has been devoted to the fundamental problems of how and why we acquire this gift for recognizing and remembering faces. Is it an inborn (天生的) property of our brai
17、ns, or an acquired one? As so often happens, the experts tend to differ. Thus, some argue that it is inborn, and that there are “special characteristics about the brain“s ability to distinguish faces“. In support of this thesis (论点) they note how much better we are at recognizing a face after a sing
18、le encounter than we are, for example, in recognizing an individual horse. On the other hand, there are those, and they are probably in the majority, who claim that the gift is an acquired one. The arguments in favour of this latter view, which must be confessed, are impressive. It is a habit that i
19、s acquired soon after birth. Watch, for instance, how a quite young baby recognizes his mother by sight, provided that his mother“s senses helpthe sound of her voice, her sense of smell, the distinctive way she handles him. But of all these, sight is prevailing. Formed at the very beginning of life,
20、 the ability to recognize faces quickly becomes an established habit, and it is essential for daily living, if not necessarily for survival. How essential and valuable it is we probably do not appreciate until we encounter people who have been deprived of the faculty. This unfortunate inability to r
21、ecognize familiar faces is known to all, but such people can often recognize individuals by their voices, their walking manners or their spectacles. With typical human ingenuity many of these unfortunate people overcome their handicap by recognizing other characteristic features.（分数：15.00）(1).What d
22、o we learn from the first two paragraphs?（分数：3.00）A.It is impossible for a person to identify a face satisfactorily.B.The ability to recognize faces accurately is an unusual gift.C.People can visualize few faces that they have ever seen.D.Few people can give exact details of the appearance of a face
23、.(2).What does the author feel strange about?（分数：3.00）A.People have the tremendous ability to recognize more than 1,000 faces.B.People don“t think much about how and why we can recognize and remember faces.C.People don“t realize how valuable it is for us to have the ability to recognize faces.D.Peop
24、le have been discussing about the way we recognize and remember faces.(3).The example of recognizing an individual horse is quoted to illustrate that the ability to recognize and remember faces is _.（分数：3.00）A.one of the characteristics peculiar to human beingsB.acquired in a short time after we wer
25、e bornC.something we have from the very moment we were bornD.learned from our environment and experiences(4).How does a quite young baby recognize his mother?（分数：3.00）A.He recognizes his mother only by her voice.B.He recognizes his mother only by her smell.C.He recognizes his mother by the way she w
26、alks.D.He recognizes his mother by sight and other senses.(5).What do we learn about the ability to recognize faces according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Its absence would make daily living difficult.B.Most people appreciate the value of it.C.The handicapped don“t have the ability.D.It“s useful but no
27、t essential in daily life.六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.公务员热(craze for civil servant jobs)是指越来越多的人参加政府机构招聘考试(recruitment examinations)的社会现象。据报道，近几年每年的报考人数都超过百万，平均每个岗位有 50-60 名竞争者，最热门的职位能达到 5000:1。报考公务员的主要是大学毕业生。他们认为公务员工作轻松稳定，收入较高，社会地位也高。另外，就业难问题也是促使他们做出该选择的另一个原因。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 499 答案解
28、析(总分：126.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Early Bird Catches the Worm . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below. Success goes to those who get an early
29、start in their day. We should try our best to be prepared for everything in advance. （分数：20.00）_正确答案：()解析：参考范文 The Early Bird Catches the WormWe all agree that success always goes to those who get an early start in their day. The foreign proverb “The early bird catches the worm“ is a precious lesson
30、 for most of us. It reminds us to be diligent and well-prepared before we plan to do something. If we look around at those successful people, we will find that almost all are well-prepared and well-organized individuals. No one is to succeed with ease. Such being the case, whenever we are faced with
31、 a task, we“d better start to prepare as early as possible. For example, if we want to land a good job upon graduation, we should study hard to get good academic records. Meanwhile, we should spend our weekends or holidays doing some part-time jobs so as to be familiar with what qualifications compa
32、nies require of us. Of course, we should start to prepare resumes and interviews even one year before we graduate. In conclusion, we should avoid being the late bird that will find nothing for it to catch.二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The vast glaciers of western An
33、tarctica are rapidly melting and losing ice to the sea and almost certainly have “passed the point of no return,“ according to new work by two separate teams of scientists. The likely result: a rise in global sea levels of 4 feet or more in the coming centuries, says research made public Monday by s
34、cientists at the University of Washington, the University of California-Irvine and NASA“s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “It really is an amazingly distressing situation,“ says Pennsylvania State University glaciologist (冰川学家) Sridhar Anandakrishnan, who was not affiliated with either study. “This is a
35、huge part of West Antarctica, and it seems to have been kicked over the edge.“ The researchers say the fate of the glaciers is almost certainly beyond hope. One study shows that a river of ice called Thwaites Glacier is probably in the early stages of collapse. Total collapse is almost inevitable, t
36、he study shows. A second study shows that a half-dozen glaciers are pouring ice into the sea at an ever-greater pace. That will trigger 4 feet of sea-level rise, says study author Eric Rignot, a glaciologist at the University of California-Irvine, and NASA“s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “The retreat o
37、f ice in that area is unstoppable,“ Rignot said at a briefing Monday, adding that the glaciers have “passed the point of no return.“ Rignot and his team used data from satellites and aircraft to map changes in six West Antarctic glaciers and the terrain underlying these massive ice floes (浮冰). The d
38、ata show the glaciers are stretching out, thinning and shrinking in volume. They“re also flowing faster from the continent“s interior to the sea, dumping larger quantities of ice into the ocean than before and thereby raising sea levels. At the same time, the portion of each glacier projecting into
39、the sea is being melted from below by warm ocean water. That leads to a vicious cycle of more thinning and faster flow, and the local terrain offers no barrier to the glaciers“ retreat, the researchers report in an upcoming issue of Geophysical Research Letters. A report in this week“s Science says
40、the Thwaites Glacier will collapse, perhaps in 200 years. The paper doesn“t specify the amount of sea-level rise associated with Thwaites“ demise.（分数：71.00）(1).Who contributed to the Monday research?（分数：14.20）A.The two separate teams of scientists.B.Scientists at the University of Washington, of Cal
41、ifornia-Irvine and NASA“s Lab. C.Scientists at Pennsylvania State University.D.Several glaciologists.解析：解析 事实细节题。根据文章第二段可知，周一发布的研究报告是来自华盛顿大学、加州大学欧文分校以及 NASA 实验室的科学家做的。宾州州立大学的科学家并未参与。故选 B。(2).What is the current situation of Thwaites Glacier?（分数：14.20）A.It is on the edge of inevitable collapsing. B.I
42、t has completely gone.C.It is becoming larger in volume.D.It is flowing to the sea.解析：解析 事实细节题。根据文章第五段可知，一项研究显示特怀特冰川目前很有可能正处在崩塌的早期阶段，文章最后一段指出，特怀特冰川很有可能在 200 年内完全崩塌，文中并未提到其向大海漂流的有关内容。故选 A。(3).What are the problems of Antarctic glaciers?（分数：14.20）A.They are becoming smaller in volume.B.They are flowin
43、g at a faster speed to the sea.C.They are pouring more and more ice into the sea.D.All the above. 解析：解析 事实细节题。根据里格诺特小组的研究，南极冰川目前正在逐渐消融、变薄，体积也在缩小，漂向大海的速度也在加快，带入大海的冰也越来越多。因此三个选项都是正确答案。故选 D。(4).What does the report in Geophysical Research Letters show?（分数：14.20）A.The ice poured into the sea is being me
44、lted from above.B.The melting of the ice can result in the vicious cycle of the glaciers“ melting. C.The local terrain has nothing to do with glacier retreat.D.Warm ocean water can slow down the glaciers“ melting.解析：解析 事实细节题。根据地理学杂志的报告，南极冰川在海里的部分正在被暖海水从底部融化，这样的融化造成了冰川消融，流速加快的恶性循环，而当地的地形不能阻止冰川消退。故选 B
45、。(5).According to the passage, what do the words “passed the point of no return“ mean (Line 2, Para.1)?（分数：14.20）A.The glaciers can“t flow back to the continents.B.The glaciers are different from what they were years ago.C.The melting of glaciers has come to the stage of being inevitable. D.The spee
46、d of glacier melting can“t return to the former one.解析：解析 大意推断题。该短语在文章第六段也出现过。根据文章可知，目前南极冰川的消融已经超过了极限，到了不可挽回的地步，该短语的原意为“只能前进不能后退的地步”，也就是“不归路”，所以只有 C 选项符合。故选 C。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The gift of being able to describe a face accurately is a rare one, as every experienced police officer knows to
47、 his cost. As The Lancet put it recently: “When we try to describe faces precisely words fail us, and we resort to identikit (拼图认人) procedures.“ Yet, according to one authority on the subject, we can each probably recognize more than 1,000 faces, the majority of which differ in fine details. This, w
48、hen one comes to think of it, is a tremendous feat, though, curiously enough, relatively little attention has been devoted to the fundamental problems of how and why we acquire this gift for recognizing and remembering faces. Is it an inborn (天生的) property of our brains, or an acquired one? As so often happens, the experts tend to differ. Thus, some argue that it is inborn, and that there are “special characteristics about the brain“s ability to distinguish faces“. In support of this thesis (论点) they note how much better we are at recognizing a face after a single encounter than we a
