1、大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）-试卷 225 及答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.Part Translation（分数：2.00）_2.White pollution refers to plastic pollution. Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads. Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind. If we continue using them, what would happen? One d
2、ay they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish. Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin. To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to
3、 help protect the green environment.（分数：2.00）_3.Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as the highest point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields. The Tang period was the golden
4、age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth century A. D. , the power of Tang Dynasty began
5、 to ebb.（分数：2.00）_4.E-learning, also known as distance learning, is an educational mode of information transmission and fast learning by the application of information technology and Internet technology. E-learning is a new way of education generated from the development of modern information techno
6、logy. Compared to the traditional education, it can break the limits of time and space, and make the places of learning and channels of acquiring knowledge flexible. Based on its characteristics and advantages, e-learning gradually enters peoples life and becomes a mainstream trend of learning.（分数：2
7、.00）_5.Shadow play is a kind of traditional folk art in China. According to historical records, it originates from Han Dynasty, and prevails in Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. Shadow puppets were first made of paper, and later from hides of donkeys or oxen. Thats why it is called Pi Ying in mandarin.
8、 The shadow puppets are of high value of art in China and even in the world, many of which are now collected in several countries museums. Shadow play in Shaanxi is believed to be the most typical, and the Academy Gate Cultural Street in Xian, capital of Shaanxi Province, is an ideal place to purcha
9、se shadow puppets as souvenirs.（分数：2.00）_6.Qixi, known as Chinese Valentines Day, falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. It originates from the romantic love story of Niulang and Zhinv. It is the most romantic day among traditional Chinese festivals, and the happiest day for the single
10、 women in ancient China. It is believed that you can see Niulang and Zhinv dating across the Milky Way if you look up at the sky on the evening of Qixi, and you can overhear the lovers talking if you stand under grapevines. Qixi not only embodies peoples yearning and pursuit for ideal love, but also
11、 inherits and promotes the fine traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.（分数：2.00）_大学英语四级改革适用（段落翻译）-试卷 225 答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.Part Translation（分数：2.00）_解析：2.White pollution refers to plastic pollution. Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads. Plasti
12、c shopping bags dance in the wind. If we continue using them, what would happen? One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish. Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin. To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up
13、their verbal commitment by actions. We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 白色污染指的是 塑料污染 (plastic pollution)。 不可回收的 (unrecyclable)塑料午餐盒沿途到处都是。塑料购物袋在空中飞扬。如果我们继续使用这些会发生什么呢?有一天，它们会将我们埋葬在白色垃圾堆中。那时的地球我们共同的家园将成为一个 垃圾桶 (dustbin)。为防止这个噩梦成为现
14、实，政府间应该互相紧密合作并将口头承诺付诸实际行动。同时，我们应当从自身做起，为绿色环保出一份力。)解析：解析：1第一句中，“指的是”译为 refers to。 2第三句中，“在空中飞扬”译为 dance in the wind。 3第五句中，“会将我们埋葬在白色垃圾堆中”译为 might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish。 4第七句中，“为防止这个噩梦成为现实”译为目的状语：To prevent this nightmare from coming true；“互相紧密合作”译为 work closely with each other；“将口头承诺付
15、诸实际行动”译为 back up their verbal commitment byactions。 5最后一句中，“从自身做起”译为 start from ourselves。3.Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as the highest point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in
16、many fields. The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth cen
17、tury A. D. , the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 唐朝 (Tang Dynasty)被历史学家认为是中国文明最辉煌的时期。唐朝的首都在长安。在与印度和 中东 (theMiddle East)的交流中，在他们的促进下，唐朝在许多领域里得到了长足的发展。唐朝是文学和艺术的黄金时期。唐朝通过 科举制度 (civil service examinations)在全国选出优秀的 儒家文人 (Confucian literati)为政府效力，而唐朝的政府体系在 儒学官僚 (Confucian bureaucr
18、atiC)的支持之下也日臻完善。公元 8 世纪中期，唐朝势力开始衰落。)解析：解析：1第一、二句在翻译时可以整合为一句，其中“唐朝的首都在长安”可以翻译为非限制性定语从句。“被认为是”可以译为 is regarded byas；“最辉煌的时期”即为鼎盛时期，可译为 the highest point。 2第三句中“在与印度和中东的交流中，在他们的促进下”，可采用合译法，即 Stimulated by the contact with。 3第五句很长，结构较为复杂，翻译时，首先理清句子主干：唐朝的政府体系日臻完善。前半句可以处理成非谓语动词作原因状语的形式，即 Served by，serve 原
19、意为“服务”，也可作“效力”讲，与逻辑主语 the government system ofTang Dynasty是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式；而其中再嵌套一个后置定语 selected through来修饰Confucianliterati；“在的支持之下”译为 under the support of。4.E-learning, also known as distance learning, is an educational mode of information transmission and fast learning by the application of informa
20、tion technology and Internet technology. E-learning is a new way of education generated from the development of modern information technology. Compared to the traditional education, it can break the limits of time and space, and make the places of learning and channels of acquiring knowledge flexibl
21、e. Based on its characteristics and advantages, e-learning gradually enters peoples life and becomes a mainstream trend of learning.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 在线教育，也称为远程教育，是指通过应用信息科技和互联网技术进行内容传播和快速学习的教育模式。在线教育是随着现代信息技术的发展而产生的一种新型教育方式。与传统教育相比，它可以打破时空的限制，使学习的场所和获取知识的渠道灵活多变。基于在线教育的特点和优势，在线教育逐渐走进大众的生活，成为了一种学
22、习的主流趋势。)解析：解析：1第一句主干部分为“在线教育是指的教育模式”，其中“也称为远程教育”是插入语，翻译时保留其在原文的位置，译为 also known as distance learning，而“通过应用信息科技和互联网技术进行内容传播和快速学习”是“教育模式”的前置定语，但由于这一定语过长，因此翻译时要将其后置。“信息科技”译为 information technology；“互联网技术”译为 Internet technology；“内容传播”译为 information transmission；“快速学习”译为 fast learning。 2第二句的主体部分为“在线教育是一
23、种新型教育方式”，而“随着现代信息技术的发展而产生的”是定语，修饰“教育方式”，翻译时宜采用后置翻译法。 3第三句翻译时可使用表示并列关系的连接词 and 来连接。“与相比”的惯用表达方式为 compared to；“时空”译为 time and space。 4第四句中，后两个分句是这句话的主句，第一个分句可翻译为状语部分。“基于”的惯用表达方式为 baseon。5.Shadow play is a kind of traditional folk art in China. According to historical records, it originates from Han Dy
24、nasty, and prevails in Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. Shadow puppets were first made of paper, and later from hides of donkeys or oxen. Thats why it is called Pi Ying in mandarin. The shadow puppets are of high value of art in China and even in the world, many of which are now collected in several c
25、ountries museums. Shadow play in Shaanxi is believed to be the most typical, and the Academy Gate Cultural Street in Xian, capital of Shaanxi Province, is an ideal place to purchase shadow puppets as souvenirs.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 皮影戏 (shadow play)是中国古老的民间传统艺术。据史书记载，它始于汉代，盛于唐宋。 皮影 (shadow puppet)最初
26、由纸制成，后来改由驴皮或牛皮制作，因此而得名。皮影在中国乃至世界上都具有很高的艺术价值，被世界多国博物馆收藏。人们认为陕西的皮影戏最具代表性，西安的 书院门文化街 (Academy Gate Cultural Street)是购买皮影作为纪念品的绝佳之地。)解析：解析：1第一句是一个简单句，使用“主语+be”的句型。“中国古老的民间传统艺术”译为 a kind of traditional folk art inChina。 2第二句由三个分句组成，后两个分句间为并列关系，因此翻译时使用连接词 and 连接。“据史书记载”译为 According to historical records；“
27、始于”译为originates from；“盛于”译为 prevails in；“汉代”译为 Han Dynasty；“唐宋”译为 Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty，朝代的翻译要注意首字母大写。 3第三句中，前面两个分句介绍的是皮影的制作原材料，而第三个分句说明皮影名称的由来。因此可将前两个分句一起翻译，而将第三个分句单独翻译。前面两个分句在时间上是先后关系，而在内容上是并列关系，翻译时可用 and 连接。“由制成”可以选用 be made offrom，两者的区别在于 be made of 可以看出原材料，而 be made from 看不出原材料，因此“由纸制成”
28、选用 be made of 更合适，而“由驴皮或牛皮制作”选用 be made from 更为合适。“驴皮或牛皮”可译为 hides of donkeys or oxen。值得注意的是，“牛”的复数形式是 oxen。“因此而得名”的含义为“这就是皮影名字的由来”，采用惯用表达方式 thats why。 4第四句是一个复合句，由两个分句组成，而且主语都为“皮影”。仔细分析两个分句发现，第一个分句比第二个更重要，因此可将第一个分句作为主句，而第二个分句可用 which 引导，译为非限制性定语从句。第一个分句的主体部分为“皮影具有很高的艺术价值”，可译为 The shadow puppets are
29、 of high value of art；“在中国乃至世界上”作为地点状语，译为 in China and even in the world。 5第五句中，两个分句为并列关系，因此使用连接词 and 连接。第一个分句中，原句为主动语态，但在翻译时选用“皮影戏”作为主语，则需要译为被动语态。值得注意的是，“陕西”译为 Shaanxi，“西安”译为 Xian。在翻译第二个分句中的“西安”时，后面可以增译 capital of Shaanxi Province，作为插入语。“绝佳之地”译为 an ideal place，也可意译为 a paradise；“纪念品”译为 souvenirs。6.Q
30、ixi, known as Chinese Valentines Day, falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. It originates from the romantic love story of Niulang and Zhinv. It is the most romantic day among traditional Chinese festivals, and the happiest day for the single women in ancient China. It is believed that
31、 you can see Niulang and Zhinv dating across the Milky Way if you look up at the sky on the evening of Qixi, and you can overhear the lovers talking if you stand under grapevines. Qixi not only embodies peoples yearning and pursuit for ideal love, but also inherits and promotes the fine traditional
32、virtues of the Chinese nation.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 每年农历七月初七，即七夕，是中国的情人节，来自于牛郎与织女的传说。它是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日，也是中国古代单身女子最快乐的一天。传说在七夕的夜晚，抬头可以看到牛郎、织女的银河相会，或在瓜果架下可偷听到两人在天上相会时的脉脉情话。七夕体现了人们对理想爱情的向往和追求，传承并发扬了中华民族优良的传统美德。)解析：解析：1第一句是一个长句，由四个分句组成。因此，首先要理清每个分句之间的逻辑关系。仔细研读原文，前面的三个分句在意思上紧密相连，可以译为一个句子，第四个分句可单独翻译成句.
33、其次，要确定句子的主语，这句话的主语为“七夕”，可音译为 Qixi；“农历七月”译为 the seventh lunar month。第四个分句翻译时可用 it 代替 Qixi，“来自”的惯用表达方式是 originate from；“传说”建议不要直译为 legend，译为 romantic love story(浪漫的爱情故事)更加形象具体；“牛郎与织女”可以直接音译为 Niulang and Zhinv，也可以翻译为 the Cowherd and Weaving Maid。 2第二句由两个分句组成。仔细研读原文发现，两个分句之间为并列关系，因此使用表示并列的连接词 and 连接。“最具
34、浪漫色彩的一个节日”可以省译为 the most romantic day；“单身女子”译为 single women，也可以意译为young girls。 3第三句由三个分句组成。仔细研读原文，第一个分句中的“在七夕的夜晚”为第二个分句的时间状语，而第三个分句与前两个分句并列，因此使用连接词 and 连接。分析原文发现，该句中暗含着条件(假设)与结果的关系，因此翻译时要译出这层关系。由于原文中没有主语，翻译时应增译主语you。“传说”译为 it is believed that；“抬头”可译为 look up at the sky 或 raise your head up to the sk
35、y；“银河”译为 the Milky Way；“偷听”译为 overhear。汉译英时，有时会遇到比较难以处理或较难翻译的句子，可以采用意译或是对不太重要的内容进行省泽，比如“两人在天上相会时的脉脉情话”，可以直接省译为“情人间的谈话”，即 the loverstalking。“在瓜果架下”增译动词stand，“瓜果架”译为 grapevines，便于英语读者理解。 4第四句由两个分句组成。仔细研读原文，两个分句之间仍是并列关系，可选用 not onlybut also连接。“体现”译为 embodies 也可译为expresses；“向往和追求”译为 yearning and pursuit；“传承并发扬”译为 inherits andpromotes；“优良的传统美德”译为 fine traditional virtues。
