大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷314及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 314 及答案解析(总分:12.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数:6,分数:12.00)1.Part Translation(分数:2.00)_2.太极拳 (Taijiquan)是中华民族的宝贵财富,是东方文化的重要组成部分。作为中国古老的 武术 (martialarts)之一,其主要功能是武术攻防、锻炼身体和 修身养性 (self-cultivation).太极拳在演练时,动作柔缓,但能以突然爆发的力量将对手击退。经过几个世纪的发展,太极拳已发展为多个分支,每个分支都有自己的特点。如今,太极拳在中国乃至世界受到越来越多人

2、欢迎。(分数:2.00)_3.新中国成立后,中国政府一直致力于提高女性的社会地位。经过多年的努力,女性群体在社会各个领域产生了不可忽视的力量。近年来,越来越多的女性在政府部门任职,参与的国家政务活动也明显增多。据最近的一份调查数据显示,大约每 3 位企业中高层管理者中就有 1 位是女性。此外,女性在家庭决策中也扮演着越来越重要的角色。(分数:2.00)_4.丽江古城位于云南省西北部,是纳西族聚居的地方。它建于 宋代 (the Song Dynasty),距今已有 800年的历史,其原貌得以保存完整。自古以来,古城就是远近闻名的集市。它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没有城墙的古城。古城里的建筑深受纳西

3、、白、 藏 (Tibetan)、汉四个民族建筑艺术的影响,充满了浓厚的中华文化气息。1997 年,丽江被列入 世界文化遗产名录 (World Heritage Sites)。(分数:2.00)_5.中国古建筑具有悠久的历史和辉煌的成就,是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。中国古建筑包括宫殿、民居、寺庙和园林等。它们具有明显的地域性、民族性与时代性。中国古建筑不仅仅是一门技术科学,同时也吸收了中国绘画和 雕刻 (carving)等传统艺术。北京 故宫 (the Forbidden City)就是其中的典型代表。它是规模最大、最精美、保存最完整的古建筑群。(分数:2.00)_6.杭州是浙江省的省会城市,

4、是浙江省的政治、经济和文化中心。杭州历史悠久,是中国著名的七大古都之一。杭州也是著名的旅游城市,被誉为人间 天堂 (paradise),意大利旅行家 马可-波罗 (Macro Polo)曾称赞它为“世界上最美丽华贵之城”。位于市中心的西湖景区以其秀丽的湖光山色和众多的历史遗迹闻名中外。杭州特产众多,其中以丝绸和茶叶最受欢迎。(分数:2.00)_大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 314 答案解析(总分:12.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数:6,分数:12.00)1.Part Translation(分数:2.00)_解析:2.太极拳 (Taijiquan)

5、是中华民族的宝贵财富,是东方文化的重要组成部分。作为中国古老的 武术 (martialarts)之一,其主要功能是武术攻防、锻炼身体和 修身养性 (self-cultivation).太极拳在演练时,动作柔缓,但能以突然爆发的力量将对手击退。经过几个世纪的发展,太极拳已发展为多个分支,每个分支都有自己的特点。如今,太极拳在中国乃至世界受到越来越多人欢迎。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: Taijiquan is precious wealth of Chinese nation and an important part of the eastern culture. As one

6、of the ancient martial arts in China, it is usually used for attacking and defending, body building and self-cultivation. When Taijiquan is being practiced, the movements are gentle and slow, which, however, can defeat the opponent with sudden strength. Through centuries of development, Taijiquan ha

7、s developed into several branches, and every one has its features. Now Taijiquan has become increasingly popular both in China and abroad.)解析:解析:1第 1 句可译为并列结构 Taijiquan is precious wealthand an important part,系动词“是”(is)只需译出一个。 2第 2 句中的“其主要功能是”可直译为 its main functions are to,但稍显生硬,宜转述为“它通常用于”(it is us

8、ually used for)。“攻防”在中文里是一个词,但实际包含了两层意思,故分译为 attacking and defending;同理,第 3 句的“柔缓”译为 gentle and slow。 3第 3 句中的“太极拳在演练时”实为被动句,“太极拳”为受动者,故译作 When Taijiquan is being practiced。“但能以突然爆发的力量”处理为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句which,however,can defeat.“突然爆发的力量”可译为 sudden strength 或 sudden force,因为sudden 已包含有“突然爆发”的意思,故“

9、爆发”一词不需再译。 4最后一句中的“在中国乃至世界受到越来越多人欢迎”,除译文外,还可以有多种译法,如 is welcomed by more and more people both in China and overseas;is accepted by more and more people in China and the world as well3.新中国成立后,中国政府一直致力于提高女性的社会地位。经过多年的努力,女性群体在社会各个领域产生了不可忽视的力量。近年来,越来越多的女性在政府部门任职,参与的国家政务活动也明显增多。据最近的一份调查数据显示,大约每 3 位企业中高层管

10、理者中就有 1 位是女性。此外,女性在家庭决策中也扮演着越来越重要的角色。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: After the founding of New China, the Chinese government has been devoted to improving the social status of females. After years of efforts, females have the power not to be ignored in every field of society. In recent years, a growing number

11、 of females take office in government departments, participating in more state affairs. According to statistics from a recent survey, about one in three of mid- to high-level enterprise managers are female. In addition, females are also playing an increasingly important role in the family decision-m

12、aking.)解析:解析:1翻译第 2 句“女性群体在社会各个领域产生了不可忽视的力量”时,先译出主干(females have the power),再插入其他成分。“不可忽视的”处理为后置定语,既可用定语从句 that cannot be ignored,也可用不定式短语 not to be ignored 来表达。状语“在社会各个领域”译作 in everyeach field of society,置于句末。 2第 3 句中的“越来越多的女性任职,参与的活动也明显增多”可用并列结构译出 a growing number of females take officeand partici

13、pate in。但不如把后半句“参与的”处理成前半句的结果状语,用现在分词短语 participating in来表达,使译文更具有逻辑性。 3第 4 句中的“最近的一份调查数据显示”可表达为 according to statistics from a recent survey,也可表达为 statistics from a recent survey showed that。“每 3 位”可表达为 one in three,也可表达为 one out of three,还可延伸译作 one third of。 4最后一句中的“越来越重要的”有多种译法:more and more impo

14、rtant;increasingly important;growingly important。状语“在家庭决策中”表达为 in the family decision-making,置于句末。4.丽江古城位于云南省西北部,是纳西族聚居的地方。它建于 宋代 (the Song Dynasty),距今已有 800年的历史,其原貌得以保存完整。自古以来,古城就是远近闻名的集市。它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没有城墙的古城。古城里的建筑深受纳西、白、 藏 (Tibetan)、汉四个民族建筑艺术的影响,充满了浓厚的中华文化气息。1997 年,丽江被列入 世界文化遗产名录 (World Heritage

15、Sites)。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: Located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, the ancient town of Lijiang is home to the Naxi ethnic minority. It was built 800 years ago in the Song Dynasty and its original look has been kept intact. It has been a very well-known market since the ancient times. Among al

16、l the famous historical and cultural cities and towns in China, it is the only one built without walls. The architecture of Lijiang is deeply influenced by the arts of building of four nationalities, namely Naxi, Bai, Tibetan, and Han, and is of rich flavor of Chinese culture. In 1997, it was listed

17、 into the World Heritage Sites.)解析:解析:1第 1 句“丽江古城位于,是的地方”可用并列结构译为 the ancient town of Lijiang is located inand is home to,但这样处理稍显生硬,不如将前半句处理成地点状语,用过去分词短语 located in来表达,主句为 the ancient town of Lijiang is home to,译文主次分明、结构紧凑。 2第 2 句中有 3 个动词“建于”、“距今有”和“得以保存”,可按原文结构译出:it was built inand has a history of

18、,and its orignal look has been kept intact。但仔细分析可发现,第 1、2 分句关系较紧密,可以用介词 in 将这两个分句连接起来,译作 It was built 800 years ago in the Song Dynasty。第 3 个分句用并列结构 and its original look来表达。 3第 4 句中的“中国历史文化名城中”是地点状语,翻译“在中唯一”这种句式时,一般会把状语“在中”放于句首,表达为 Among,it is the only。定语“没有城墙的”后置,可用定语从句 which has no walls 来表达,亦可用介

19、词短语 without walls 来表达,但都不如译文中增译 built 一词好,增译 built 更能确切地表达“建城时就没有城墙”的意义。 4在翻译倒数第 2 句中的“纳西、白、藏、汉四个民族”时,先译出其总括词 four nationalities,再用 namely 或 ie引出具体内容。5.中国古建筑具有悠久的历史和辉煌的成就,是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。中国古建筑包括宫殿、民居、寺庙和园林等。它们具有明显的地域性、民族性与时代性。中国古建筑不仅仅是一门技术科学,同时也吸收了中国绘画和 雕刻 (carving)等传统艺术。北京 故宫 (the Forbidden City)就是其

20、中的典型代表。它是规模最大、最精美、保存最完整的古建筑群。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: As an important part of Chinese traditional culture, Chinese ancient architecture bears a long history and splendid achievements. Chinese ancient architecture includes palaces, dwelling houses, temples, gardens, and so on. They are of distinctive ch

21、aracteristics in different regions, ethnic groups and times. More than a technical science, Chinese ancient architecture absorbs traditional arts, including Chinese painting and carving, etc. The Forbidden City in Beijing is a representative, which is the largest, finest and best-preserved ancient a

22、rchitecture complex.)解析:解析:1第 1 句的两个分句为并列结构,翻译时可选取其中一个分句作句子的主句,另一句处理成状语,译文将第 2 个分句“是组成部分”处理为状语,用介词短语 As an important part of Chinese traditional culture 来表达,置于句首,使译文主次分明,逻辑性强。 2第 3 句中的“地域性、民族性与时代性”是翻译难点,需真正理解其含义。该句可理解为古建筑在不同的地域、民族和时代有着明显不同的特征,照此意思可译为 They are of distinctive characteristics in differ

23、ent regions,ethnic groups and times。 3第 4 句“中国古建筑不仅仅是,同时也”可用句型not onlybut also来译出。但译文中用 more than(不仅仅是,超过)来译出前半部分,更强调了后半部分的论述。 4最后两句均较短,且逻辑主语均为“故宫”,故考虑合译为一句,可将最后一句处理为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句,倒数第 2 句则作为主句。6.杭州是浙江省的省会城市,是浙江省的政治、经济和文化中心。杭州历史悠久,是中国著名的七大古都之一。杭州也是著名的旅游城市,被誉为人间 天堂 (paradise),意大利旅行家 马可-波罗 (Macro

24、Polo)曾称赞它为“世界上最美丽华贵之城”。位于市中心的西湖景区以其秀丽的湖光山色和众多的历史遗迹闻名中外。杭州特产众多,其中以丝绸和茶叶最受欢迎。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province, is the provincial center of politics, economy and culture. With a long history, Hangzhou is one of the famous seven ancient capitals in China. It is also

25、a well-known tourist city hailed as “the paradise on earth“. Italian traveler Macro Polo once admired Hangzhou as “the most splendid and luxury city in the world“. Located in the center of the city, the West Lake scenic spot is world-famous for its beautiful lakes and mountains and many historical r

26、elics. Hangzhou boasts numerous special local products, among which silk and tea are the most popular.)解析:解析:1第 1 句“杭州是,是”如依照原文采用并列结构表达为 Hangzhou is the capital city of Zhejiang Province,and is,则稍显平淡,不如将“是浙江省的省会城市”处理成“杭州”的同位语来得简洁和有层次感,译为 Hangzhou,the capital city of Zhejiang Province,is。定语“政治、经济和文化”

27、可用介词短语 of politics,economy and culture 来表达。2第 2 句“杭州历史悠久,是中国著名的之一”可用并列结构译为 Hangzhou has a long history and is one of,但结构较松散,不如将前半句处理为状语,用介词短语 With a long history 来表达,使译文更有逻辑性、结构更紧凑。 3第 4 句中的“位于市中心的”可处理为地点状语,用分词短语located in the center of the city 来译出。“以其秀丽的湖光山色和众多的历史遗迹闻名中外”可套用 be world-famous for(以闻名世界)的结构来表达。“众多的”可用 many 或 numerous 来表达。 4最后一句的主干为“杭州特产众多”,可将其作为主句,其中“特产众多”意即“有众多特产”,因此翻译为 Hangzhou boasts numerous special local products。而“其中以丝绸和茶叶最受欢迎”为补充说明“特产众多”的内容,可用 among which 引导的非限制性定语从句来表达,译作 among which silk and tea are the most popular。

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