1、大学英语四级卷二真题 2015 年 6 月及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Writing (30 m(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start you essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on this kind of modern lif
2、e. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part II Listening Co(总题数：1，分数：56.80)A.He is pleased to sit on the committeeB.He is willing to offer the woman a handC.He will tell the woman his decision laterD.He would like to become a club memberA.Their planned trip
3、to Vancouver is obviously overpricedB.They should borrow a guide book instead of buying oneC.The guide books in the library have the latest informationD.The library can help order guide books about VancouverA.He regrets having taken the history courseB.He finds little interests in history booksC.He
4、has trouble finishing his reading assignmentsD.He has difficulty in writing the weekly book reportA.The man had better choose another restaurantB.The new restaurant is a perfect place for datingC.The new restaurant caught her fancy immediatelyD.The man has good taste in choosing the restaurantA.He h
5、as been looking forward to spingB.He has been waiting for the winter saleC.He will clean the womans boots for springD.He will help the woman put things awayA.At a tailorsB.At Bobs homeC.In a cloth storeD.In a theatreA.His guests favors Tibetan drinksB.His water is quite extraordinaryC.Mineral water
6、is good for healthD.Plain water will serve the purposeA.Report the result of a discussionB.Raise some environmental issuesC.Submit an important documentationD.Revise an environmental reportQuestions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you just heard（分数：28.40）A.They pollute the soil used to cover t
7、hemB.They are harmful to nearby neighborhoodsC.The rubbish in them takes long to dissolveD.The gas they emit is extremely poisonousA.Growing populationsB.Packaging materialsC.Changed eating habitsD.Lower production costA.By saving energyB.By using less aluminumC.By reducing poisonous wastesD.By maki
8、ng the most of materialsA.We are running out of natural resources soonB.Only combined efforts can make a differenceC.The waste problem will eventually hurt all of usD.All of us can actually benefit from recyclingQuestions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.MiamiB.
9、BellinghamC.VancouverD.BostonA.To get information on one-way tickets to CanadaB.To inquire about the price of “Super saver ” seatsC.To get advice on how to fly as cheaply as possibleD.To inquire about the shortest route to drive homeA.Join a tourist groupB.Avoid trips in public holidaysC.Choose a ma
10、jor airlineD.Book tickets as early as possible四、Section B(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Passage one Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.There are mysterious stories behind his worksB.There are many misunderstandings about himC.His works have no match worldwideD.His personal
11、 history is little knownA.He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhoodB.He failed to go beyond grammar schoolC.He was a member of the town councilD.He once worked in a well-know acting companyA.Writers of his time had no means to protect their worksB.Possible sources of clues about him were lost i
12、n a fireC.His works were adapted beyond recognitionD.People of his time had little interest in himPassage Two Questions 19-21 are based on the passage you have just heard （分数：21.30）A.It shows you have been ignoring your healthB.It can seriously affect your thinking processC.It is an early warning of
13、 some illnessD.It is a symptom of two much pressureA.Reduce our workloadB.Control our temperC.Use painkillers for reliefD.Avoid masking symptomA.Lying down and having some sleepB.Rubbing and pressing ones backC.Going out for a walkD.Listening to light musicPassage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based
14、on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Depending heavily on loansB.Having no budget plans at allC.Spending beyond ones meansD.Leaving no room for large billsA.Many of them can be cutB.All of them have to be coveredC.Their payment cannot be delayedD.They eat up most of the family incomeA.Ren
15、t a house instead of buying oneB.Discuss the problem in the familyC.Make a conversation planD.Move to a cheaper placeA.Financial issues plaguing a familyB.Difficulty in making both ends meetC.Family budget problems and solutionsD.New ways to boost family income五、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Perhaps beca
16、use going to college is so much a part of the American dream, many people go for no(26) 1reason. Some go because their parents ecpect it, others because its what their friends are doing.Then, theres the belief that a college degree will(27) 2ensure a good job and high pay. Some students (28) 3 throu
17、gh for years ,attending classes, or skipping(逃课) them as the case may be, reading only what cant be avoided, looking for less(29) 4courses,and never being touched or changed in any important way. For a few of these people, college provides no(30) 5，yet because of parental or peer pressure, they cann
18、ot voluntarily leave. They stop trying in the hope that their teachers will make the decision for them by(31) 6 them. To put it bluntly(直截了当地)，unless youre willing to make your college years count, you might be(32) 7 doing something else. Not everyone should attend college, nor should everyone who d
19、oes attend begin right after high school. Many college students(33) 8 taking a year or so off. A year out in the world helps some people to(34) 9their priorities and goals. If youre really going to get something out of going to college, you have to make it mean something, and to do that you must hav
20、e some idea why youre there, what you hope to get out of it, and (35) 10even what you hope to become. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Part III Reading Com(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Its our guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity,after
21、work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TV each day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting _36_ can lead to obesity(肥胖症) and other diseases, researchers have now quantified just how_37_being a couch potato can be. In an analysis of data from eight larg
22、e _38_published studies, a Harvard-led group reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per day spent channel _39_,the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)rose 20% over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a _40_, and the odds of dying
23、permaturely_41_ 13% during a seven-year follow-up .All of these_42_are linked to a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的)activities, like knitting ,viewing TV may be especially_43_at promoting unhealthy habits. For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs
24、the time we spend on anything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to _44_them. Even so, the authors admit that they didnt compare different sedentary activities to _45_whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes,heart di
25、sease or clearly death compared with, say, reading. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。A)climbed I)previously B)conseme J)resume C)decade K)suffered D)determine L)suffering E)effectIve M)term F)harmful N)terminals G)outcomes O)twisting H)passively （分数：35.50）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N
26、.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.七、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)The Changes Facing Fast Food A
27、 Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch. Health experts regularly criticize them severely for selling food that makes people fat. Critics even complain that McDonalds, whose logo symbolizes calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor the World Cup. These are things fast-food fi
28、rms have learnt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy. B Fat food was once thought to be recession-proof. When consumers need to cut spending,
29、 the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such “trading down“ proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fas
30、t food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals. C As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6%, bur total sales remained about th
31、e same at fast-food chains. In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased. Same-store sales in America at McDonalds, the worlds largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout the downturn, Panera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fres
32、h ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants. D But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at
33、home more frequently to save money. David Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carls Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant McDonalds, which increased spending on adver
34、tising by more than 7% last year as others cut back. E Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order mor
35、e expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees sued the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make. In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King.
36、 Nevertheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones because items on its “value menu“ mow account for around 20% of all sales, up from 12% last October. F Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is
37、 making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice(引诱) consumers away from $1 specials. KFC, a division of Yum! Brands, which also owns Taco Bell and Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5. And in May Burger King introduced bar
38、becue(烧烤)pork ribs at $7 for eight. G Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks, McDonalds started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its “McCafe“ line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. Starbucks has sold rights to its
39、Seattles Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year. H As fast-food companies shift from “super size“ to “more buys“, they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and just for fatty food. McDonalds will start
40、selling porridge(粥)in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high. Fast-food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, such as blended drinks and wraps. The idea is that by havin
41、g a greater range of things on the menu. “we can sell to consumers products they want all day,“ says Rick Carucci, the chief financial offers of Yun! Brands. I But when about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation. By providing healthy options,
42、like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity(肥胖症). These offerings are not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners that include some people who dont want to eat a burger.
43、But customers cannot be forced to order salads instead of fries. J In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough. “Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now,“ says Mr. Palmer of UBS. Americas health-reform bill, which Congress
44、passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve to the menu. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-posting law in New York City in 2007, found that the avera
45、ge calorie-amount per transaction fell 6% and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunkin Donuts outlet was nearbya sign, it is said, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings. KIn order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food compani
46、es will have to continue innovating(创新), Wait Riker of McDonalds claims the change it has made in its menu means it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago, “We probably sell more vegetables, more milk, more salads, some apples than any restaurant business in the world, “he says. But t
47、he recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonalds from including toys in its high-calorie “Happy Meals“, because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggest there is a lot more left to do. （分数：71.00）(1).Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonalds from attac
48、hing toys to its food its food specials for children. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.(2).Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.(3).Burger King will start to sell Seattles Best coffee to increase sales. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.(4).Some fast-food firm provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem. （分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.(5).During the recession, many customers turned to fast
