1、大学英语四级综合-52 及答案解析(总分：180.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Unit 6(总题数：4，分数：180.00)Passage OneChildren learn almost nothing from television，and the more they watch the less they rememberThey regard television purely as entertainment，resent programs that demand on them and are surprised that anybody should take the med
2、ium seriouslyFar from being overexcited by programs，they are mildly bored with the whole thing These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and televisionThe author Cardiac Cullingford confirms that the modem child is a dedicated viewerThe studv suggests that there is liRle point in t
3、he later hoursMore than a third of the children regularly watch their favorite programs after 9 pmAll 11-yearolds have watched programs after midnightApart from the obvious waste of time involved，it seems that all this viewing has liRle effectChildren dont pay close attention，says Cullingford，and th
4、ey can recall few detaiL7They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can rarely explain the elements of a particular plotRecall was in“reverse proportion to the amount they had watched“. It is precisely because television, unlike a teacher, demands so little attention and respon
5、se that children like it, argues CuUingford. Programs seeking to put over serious messages are strongly disliked. So are people who frequently talk on screen. What children like most, and remember best, are the advertisements. They see them as short programs in their own right and particularly enjoy
6、 humorous presentation. But again, they react strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to influence them.On the other hand, they are not emotionally involved in the programs. If they admire the stars, it is because the actors lead glamorous lives and earn a lot of money, not
7、 because of their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains(恶棍). They are perfectly clear about the functions of advertisements; by the age of 12, only one in 10 children believe what even favorite ads say about the produci. And says Cullingford, educational television is probably least
8、successful of all in imparting attitudes or information.（分数：45.00）(1).The study of children and television shows that _（分数：9.00）A.it is useless for television companies to delay adult viewing to the later hoursB.it is a waste of time for children to watch adult programs on TVC.children should not wa
9、tch television programs late into the nightD.children are supposed to learn a lot from television programs(2).“Recall was in reverse proportion to the amount they had watched“ in Paragraph 2 has almost the same meaning as _（分数：9.00）A.“the more they watch the less they remember“(in Para. 1)B.“program
10、s seeking to put over serious messages are strongly disliked“ (in Para. 2)C.“they see them as short programs in their own right“(in Para. 2)D.“educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information“(in Para. 3)(3).Cullingford concludes that_（分数：9.00）A.childr
11、en are excited when they watch TVB.watching TV has little real effect on childrenC.parents should spend less time watching TVD.parents should be worried about the effect of TV on children(4).Which of the following is NOT true according to the new study of children and television?（分数：9.00）A.Some chil
12、dren stay up late to watch the programs they like.B.Children enjoy watching challenging programs.C.Children dont like serious messages and high-pressured ads.D.Though children like watching ads, most of them dont believe what ads say about the product.(5).Whom would the result of the new study upset
13、?（分数：9.00）A.The advertisers.B.The children viewers.C.The movie stars.D.The educators.Passage TwoSurprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 c
14、hildren go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of ho
15、spital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special childrens hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holida
16、y areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for
17、 it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do maths or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a ch
18、ild occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady“ or just “the helper“. Children tend to rely on concerned school fi-iends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spok
19、e of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can.Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of t
20、he children interviewed.（分数：45.00）(1).The author points out at the beginning that _（分数：9.00）A.every child in hospital receives some teachingB.not enough is known about hospital teachingC.hospital teaching is of poor qualityD.the special childrens hospitals are worst off(2).It can be inferred from th
21、e latest survey that_（分数：9.00）A.hospital teaching across the country is similarB.each hospital has at least one part-time teacherC.all hospitals surveyed offer education to childrenD.only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers(3).In order to catch up with their school work, children in
22、hospital usually turn to_（分数：9.00）A.hospital teachersB.schoolmatesC.parentsD.school teachers(4).We can conclude from the passage that the author is _（分数：9.00）A.unfavourable towards children receiving education in hospitalsB.in favour of the present state of teaching in hospitalsC.unsatisfied with th
23、e present state of hospital teachingD.satisfied with the results of the latest survey(5).Once back at school,_（分数：9.00）A.children are just required to catch upB.children will get extra teachingC.children will catch up in short timeD.schools do much to encourage childrenPassage ThreeIt is a favorable
24、 thing to look back at some of the reforms which have long been an accepted part of our life, and to examine the opposition, usually bitter and very strange, sometimes dishonest but all too often honest, which had to be countered by the restless advocates of “grandmotherly“ law.The reforms treated i
25、n this book are not the well-known measures-like the abolition of slavery, the reform of Parliament, the vote of women-which are recorded in the standard history books. Here are some of the less familiar struggles which, with one or two exceptions, social historians have tended to dismiss briefly. Y
26、et these old controversies give no less revealing insight into the minds of our grandfathers than do the major issues of the last century. The pulse of a generation can be taken just as effectively by considering its attitudes to the marrying of dead wives sisters, to the fetching of fathers beer or
27、 even to the sweeping of chimneys. Some of the reforms dealt with were carried out within living memory; none is older than the nineteenth century. They have been selected for the variety of their background and for the fertility and stimulus of the opposition against them.Misguided and complete unr
28、easonable though some of this opposition now appears, it is doubtful whether it will seem any more peculiar, one hundred years hence, than some of the reasons we produce today for continual hardship and injustice. Our ancestors thought it strange that wives should wish to keep their own earnings; ou
29、r descendants may be astonished at our system which forces a man to maintain a woman, sometimes for life, after a hopeless marriage has been disrupted. It is likely that our descendants will derive as much heartless fun from thought of our divorce laws, and the reasons we use to defend them. They ma
30、y also think that the indifference of the nineteenth century to death and suffering in the mills was fully matched by that of the twentieth century to death and suffering on the highways.（分数：45.00）(1).The author says of the reforms that we take for granted that _（分数：9.00）A.it is good to look at the
31、arguments against themB.it is good that they have been acceptedC.they were healthier than we now appreciateD.we should study the alternative(2).The trouble with the people who were against reforms in the past was that_（分数：9.00）A.they were well-meaning in too many casesB.all of them were too frequent
32、ly sincereC.they could only be successfully opposed by lawyersD.they were nervous(3).The argument over the reforms_（分数：9.00）A.were about reforms with more important results than other reformsB.concerned reforms equally as important as any other reformsC.are more instructive than other argumentsD.are
33、 instructive as regards the nineteenth century(4).As regards different generations attitudes, perhaps _（分数：9.00）A.our descendants opposition to reform will be as absurd as oursB.our ancestors objections to reform will seem justified to our descendantsC.our case against reforms is even more blind tha
34、n our ancestorsD.our arguments against reform are as unreasonable as our ancestors(5).The author believes that in the future people will be surprised that in our present society _（分数：9.00）A.men are expected to keep their wives even after a marriage has broken downB.men have to pay money to their wiv
35、es even after separationC.women do not sbare their husbands earningsD.women expect to be supported by their menPassage FourThe motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil
36、behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both
37、 of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when ones actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psy
38、chological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep ones emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibili
39、ty that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations. They are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been
40、made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident exp
41、erts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to th
42、ose with whom they share the road.（分数：45.00）(1).What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?（分数：9.00）A.To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B.To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.C.To discuss traffic problems and propose possible so
43、lutions.D.To warn drivers of the importance of safety drivin(2).According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because_（分数：9.00）A.autos have become the most destructive to mankindB.people usually pay little attention to law and moralityC.civilization brings much harm
44、 to peopleD.the lack of virtue is becoming more severe(3).Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in the third paragraph?（分数：9.00）A.To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.B.To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.C.To show
45、 some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.D.To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of drivin(4).Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?（分数：9.00）A.Careless bicycle-riders.B.Mindless people walking in the street.C.Irresponsible drivers.D.Irresponsible manuf
46、actures of automobiles.(5).Which of the following best reflects the authors attitude toward a future without traffic accidents?A. Doubtful yet still longing for. B. Happy and rather confident.CSurprised and very pleasedDDisappointed and deeplyr worried（分数：9.00）A.B.C.D.大学英语四级综合-52 答案解析(总分：180.00，做题时间
47、：90 分钟)一、Unit 6(总题数：4，分数：180.00)Passage OneChildren learn almost nothing from television，and the more they watch the less they rememberThey regard television purely as entertainment，resent programs that demand on them and are surprised that anybody should take the medium seriouslyFar from being over
48、excited by programs，they are mildly bored with the whole thing These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and televisionThe author Cardiac Cullingford confirms that the modem child is a dedicated viewerThe studv suggests that there is liRle point in the later hoursMore than a third
49、of the children regularly watch their favorite programs after 9 pmAll 11-yearolds have watched programs after midnightApart from the obvious waste of time involved，it seems that all this viewing has liRle effectChildren dont pay close attention，says Cullingford，and they can recall few detaiL7They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can rarely explain the elements of a particular plotRecall was in“reverse proportion to the amount they had watched“
