1、大学英语四级综合-53 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Short Answer Questio(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises un
2、til he can play quickly, accurately, without thinking. Tennis players call that “being in the zone“. Educators call it “automatically“. A child learns to read by shouting out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phrase. With automaticity, he do
3、esnt have to think about decoding the words, so he can concentrate on the meaning of the text.It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in lllinois school, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times
4、 as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them in accuracy, comprehension and vocabulary.“Its not I.Q. but the amount of time a child spends reading that is |he
5、 key to automaticity,“ according to Rossman. Any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books or magazines will in all likelihood reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in f
6、avor of reading.You can test your child by giving him a paragraph or two to read aloud- something unfamiliar but appropriate to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader.If he reads haltingly, one word at a time, with
7、out expression or meaning, he needs more practice.（分数：20.00）(1).With automaticity, a child pays more attention to _ rather than（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(2).The Illinois study shows that the automatic readers speed _ than the other children.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(3).Even a bright child still needs_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_
8、(4).What does the word “outscore“ in paragraph two mean?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_(5).According to the passage, what is important for efficient reading?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：60.00)If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or (1) i
9、n your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person who begins a job convinces that he isnt going to like it or is (5) that he is going to ail (使烦恼) is exhibiting a weakness w
10、hich can only (6) his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure in his belief that he is probably as (7) of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt (8) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. Having the prerequisi
11、te (必备的) skills for a particular job is (9) . Lacking those skills is obviously, a weakness. A bookkeeper who cant add or a carpenter who cant cut a straight line with a saw (10) hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize (11) the strength and overcome the (12) that you bring
12、 to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first (13) stock of somewhere you stand now. (14) we get further along in the book, well be (15) in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening. (16) skills. However, (17) begin with, you should pau
13、se (18) examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas (19) are critical to your success or failure in school: your (20) , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.（分数：60.00）A.improvementB.victoryC.failureD.achievementA.aB.theC.someD.certainA.inB.onC.ofD.toA.Out ofB
14、.OfC.ToD.IntoA.ensureB.assureC.sureD.surelyA.helpB.hiderC.hinderD.accelerateA.ableB.capableC.competentD.qualifiedA.nearB.onC.byD.atA.powerB.strengthC.positiveD.disadvantageA.beingB.beenC.areD.isA.exceptB.butC.forD.onA.ideaB.weaknessC.strengthD.advantageA.makeB.takeC.doD.giveA.AsB.TillC.OverD.OutA.ma
15、kingB.givingC.takingD.dealingA.learntB.learnedC.learningD.learnA.aroundB.toC.fromD.besideA.toB.ontoC.intoD.withA.whereB.whoC.whenD.thatA.intelligenceB.workC.attitudeD.weakness三、Translation(总题数：5，分数：20.00)1.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, 1(如果突然出现巨大的噪音).（分数：4.00）填空
16、项 1:_2. 1(马克幸运逃生); he almost did not get out of the room.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_3. 1(即使他的包裹明天到), it will be too late to do anything.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_4.Mr. Greens condition looks very serious and 1(还不确定他能否渡过难关).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_5.The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck,
17、 1(压力对卡车越大).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_大学英语四级综合-53 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Short Answer Questio(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A
18、 great athlete practises until he can play quickly, accurately, without thinking. Tennis players call that “being in the zone“. Educators call it “automatically“. A child learns to read by shouting out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phras
19、e. With automaticity, he doesnt have to think about decoding the words, so he can concentrate on the meaning of the text.It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in lllinois school, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade who were
20、 reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them in accuracy, comprehension and vocabulary.“Its not I.Q. but the amount of time a child
21、 spends reading that is |he key to automaticity,“ according to Rossman. Any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books or magazines will in all likelihood reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off
22、the set just one night in favor of reading.You can test your child by giving him a paragraph or two to read aloud- something unfamiliar but appropriate to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader.If he reads haltingl
23、y, one word at a time, without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.（分数：20.00）(1).With automaticity, a child pays more attention to _ rather than（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：the meaning of the text/decoding the words）解析：解析 细节题。文章第一段最后一句指出 he doesnt have to think about decoding the words，so he can
24、 concentrate on the meaning of the text，由此可知，他把注意力放在“文章的内容”上，而不是“单词的意思”上。(2).The Illinois study shows that the automatic readers speed _ than the other children.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：is much faster）解析：解析 细节题。第二段中有reading almost three times as fast as the other childrenthe automatic readers were rea
25、ding twice as fast as the others，由此可知，与其他孩子相比，他们的阅读速度要快很多。(3).Even a bright child still needs_.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：practice to be an automatic reader）解析：解析 推断题。文章第三段首句指出 Its not IQbutthe amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity，既然“自动性”和智商没关系，那么一个聪明的孩子要想成为“自动的”阅读者也需要训练
26、。(4).What does the word “outscore“ in paragraph two mean?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：It means to score higher than）解析：解析 语义题。结合文意可知，outscore 意为“得分超过”。(5).According to the passage, what is important for efficient reading?（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Automaticity）解析：解析 推断题。结合全文，尤其是第二段可知，有 automaticity 的孩子不仅阅读速度快
27、，而且效率高，由此可知 automaticity 对阅读的效率来说很重要。需要区别的是文中提到的“训练对培养孩子的自动性很重要”。二、Cloze(总题数：1，分数：60.00)If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or (1) in your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use your strengths and wea
28、knesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person who begins a job convinces that he isnt going to like it or is (5) that he is going to ail (使烦恼) is exhibiting a weakness which can only (6) his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure in his belief that h
29、e is probably as (7) of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt (8) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. Having the prerequisite (必备的) skills for a particular job is (9) . Lacking those skills is obviously, a weakness.
30、A bookkeeper who cant add or a carpenter who cant cut a straight line with a saw (10) hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize (11) the strength and overcome the (12) that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first (13) stock
31、 of somewhere you stand now. (14) we get further along in the book, well be (15) in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening. (16) skills. However, (17) begin with, you should pause (18) examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas (19) are critical to you
32、r success or failure in school: your (20) , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.（分数：60.00）A.improvementB.victoryC.failure D.achievement解析：解析 词义辨析题。improvement 意为“改进，进步”；victory 意为“胜利，克服”；failure意为“失败”；achievement 意为“成就，功绩”。由关联词 or 可知，空格中应填入与 success 同义或反义的词，所以 C 正确。A.a B.the
33、C.someD.certain解析：解析 惯用搭配题。to a great extent 是惯用搭配，意为“很大程度上，非常”，故选 A。A.inB.on C.ofD.to解析：解析 惯用搭配题。由于 to a great extent 是插入语，因此空格处应填入与 depend 搭配的词，所以 B 正确，depend on/upon 是惯用搭配，意为“依靠，取决于，从属于”。A.Out ofB.Of C.ToD.Into解析：解析 惯用搭配题。of the utmost importance 是惯用搭配，意为“极重要的”，相当于 one of the most important，本句的意思
34、是“最重要的是你的态度”，所以 B 正确。A.ensureB.assureC.sure D.surely解析：解析 词义辨析题。sure 是形容词，意为“对有把握的，确信的”，由空格前的系动词 is 可知，空格处应填入能充当表语的词，故选 C。ensure 是动词，意为“确保，保证”；assure 是动词，意为“保证，担保”；surely 是副词，意为“的确地，安全地”：这三项均排除。A.helpB.hiderC.hinder D.accelerate解析：解析 词义辨析题。由本句中的 weakness 和 his success 可知，C(阻碍)正确。help 意为“帮助”，hider 意为
35、“隐藏的人”，accelerate 意为“加快，促进”，均排除。A.ableB.capable C.competentD.qualified解析：解析 词义辨析题。able 意为“能干的”，常见搭配为 be able to do sth；capable 意为“有能力的”，常见搭配为 be capable of doing sth；competent 意为“有能力的，胜任的”，常见搭配为 be competent to do sth；qualified 意为“有资格的”，常见搭配为 be qualified for sth。结合句意可知，B 正确。含“有能力的”之意的单词辨析：able 一般指人
36、，表示“现在有做某事的实际能力”，有时意味着“高超的能力或技艺”，例如：a marvelously able author 一位才华出众的作者。capable 指人或物均可，表示“有潜在的或能达到一般要求的能力”。competent 指“具有胜任某一工作的条件”，强调对某项工作有足够的技能及其他所需条件，例如：He is a competent，but not a brilliant musician作为音乐家，他能胜任，但缺乏才华。qualified 指“具有做某项工作的必需条件”、“合格的”，所表示的能力则更有“保留(最低限度)”的意思，例如：A qualified stenographe
37、r is not necessarily a competent secretary一个合格的速记员不一定就是个称职的秘书。A.nearB.onC.byD.at 解析：解析 惯用搭配题。make an attempt at 意为“试图，努力”；make an attempt on 意为“试图夺取”，强调攻击性和侵占性；其他两项均不与 attemp 瞄配。结合句意可知，D 正确。A.powerB.strength C.positiveD.disadvantage解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。结合文章第一句strengths and weaknesses 及本句的反义复现句 Lacking those
38、skills is obviously a weakness 可知，B 正确。A.beingB.beenC.areD.is 解析：解析 语法结构题。本句主语是 A book-keeper or a carpenter，根据主谓一致原则，其谓语应当用单数 is，故选 D。A.exceptB.butC.forD.on 解析：解析 惯用搭配题。capitalize on 是惯用搭配，意为“利用”，故选 D。A.ideaB.weakness C.strengthD.advantage解析：解析 词义辨析题。本句信息含量丰富，由表并列的关联词 and 前 capitalize on the streng
39、th及 and 后的 overcome 可知，空格处所填内容应与 strength 相反，所以 B 正确。A.makeB.take C.doD.give解析：解析 惯用搭配题。take stock of 惯用搭配，意为“对估价，对做出判断”，故选 B。和 stock 相关的短语还有：lay in a stock of(储备，储存)，on the stocks(在建造中)，in stock(有库存的，有现货的)。A.As B.TillC.OverD.Out解析：解析 语法结构题。从逻辑衔接关系上看，空格处应填关联词，选项中只有 as 和 till 能作关联词，故排除 C、D 项，再结合句意“更深
40、入的阅读”可知，A 正确。A.makingB.givingC.takingD.dealing 解析：解析 惯用搭配题。其中 in some details 修饰谓语动词，由后面的 with 可知 D 正确。deal with 有“处理，涉及”之意。A.learntB.learnedC.learning D.learn解析：解析 语法结构题。根据上文bring to the job of learning 可知，这里应指“学习技能”，故选 C。A.aroundB.to C.fromD.beside解析：解析 惯用搭配题。to begin with 是惯用搭配，意为“首先，第一”，常为插入语，故选
41、 B。A.to B.ontoC.intoD.with解析：解析 惯用搭配题。谓语动词 pause 后紧接动词原形 examine，应当选 to 构成动词不定式，作目的状语，故选 A。A.whereB.whoC.whenD.that 解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。空格后为修饰 three areas 的限制性定语从句，从句子逻辑关系上可知，空格处填入的内容应作从句的主语部分，所以 D 正确，A.intelligenceB.workC.attitude D.weakness解析：解析 词义辨析题。intelligence 意为“智力，聪明”；work 意为“工作，著作”；attitude意为“态度，看法
42、”；weakness 意为“缺点，弱点”。结合句意和文章开头可知，C 正确。三、Translation(总题数：5，分数：20.00)1.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, 1(如果突然出现巨大的噪音).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：if there should be a sudden loud noise）解析：解析 该句难点在于 if 引导的条件句表示不存在的状态时要用虚拟语气。从句也可以省略 if，构成倒装的虚拟条件句，故答案也可以为 should there be a
43、sudden loud noise。2. 1(马克幸运逃生); he almost did not get out of the room.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Mark was very lucky to have escaped with his life）解析：解析 该句难点在于表示过去的某一动作已经完成要用不定式的完成式，所以用 to have escaped，故该句答案为 Mark was very lucky to have escaped with his life。3. 1(即使他的包裹明天到), it will be too late to do an
44、ything.（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Even if his parcel arrrives tomorrow）解析：解析 在条件句中，表示将来的时间时，从句需要用一般现在时，主句中使用将来时。4.Mr. Greens condition looks very serious and 1(还不确定他能否渡过难关).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：it is doubtful if he will pull thorough）解析：解析 该句难点在于如何翻译短语“渡过难关”。短语 pull through 意为“恢复健康，渡过难关”。“It is doubtful if+从句”表示“还不确定”。5.The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, 1(压力对卡车越大).（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：the greater the stress to the truck）解析：解析 该题考查“越，越”句型，因此句子前后都需要用比较级。“对卡车的压力”即the stress to the truck。
