1、大学英语四级综合-完形填空(二)及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, (1) first marriages uniting young people, are the result of mutual attraction and affection (2) than practical con
2、siderations.In the United States, parents do not (3) marriages for their children. Teenagers begin dating in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social (4) .(5) young people feel free to choose their friends from (6) groups, most choose a mate of similar (7) .This is du
3、e in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot (8) spouses (配 偶 ) for their children, but they can usually (9) choices by voicing disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable.(10) , marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriages) are (11) probably
4、 because of the greater mobility of todays youth and the fact that they are (12) by fewer prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their hometowns to attend college, serve in the armed forces, (13) pursue a career in a bigger city.Once away from home and family, they are more (14) to d
5、ate and marry outside their own social group.In mobile American society, inter- class marriages are neither (15) nor astoni- shing. Interfaith marriages are (16) the rise, especially between Protestants (基督 教徒) and Catholics (天主教徒). On the other hand, interracial marriages are still very (17) . It c
6、an be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and (18) a family. Marriages between people of different national (19) (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here (20) colonial times.（分数：20.00）A.speciallyB.naturallyC.particularlyD.fortunatelyA.m
7、oreB.ratherC.lessD.betterA.arrangeB.engageC.manageD.proposeA.positionB.manageC.contractD.contactsA.SinceB.ThoughC.IfD.HenceA.separateB.identicalC.independentD.differentA.backgroundB.situationC.circumstanceD.conditionA.opposeB.rejectC.selectD.approveA.influenceB.makeC.affordD.provideA.ThereforeB.Howe
8、verC.MoreoverD.LikewiseA.decliningB.prohibitingC.increasingD.reducingA.restrainedB.retainedC.reservedD.restrictedA.butB.orC.soD.otherwiseA.likelyB.possibleC.reluctantD.lonelyA.scarceB.riskyC.rareD.rigidA.inB.atC.forD.onA.normalB.uncommonC.ordinaryD.usualA.raiseB.settleC.growD.uniteA.sourceB.conventi
9、onC.originD.immigrantA.sinceB.forC.inD.duringMarvin Minsky is famous (1) the father of Artificial Intelligence, but he was (2) the author of another signal achievement. In the 1950s, he built a revolutionary light microscope that enabled him to (3) successfully deeper layer in a specimen with astoni
10、shing clearness, (4) first having to undertake the hard task of cutting the specimen into thin (5) Minskys invention did not (6) wide praise from the public at that time. (7) , when he patented(申请 专利权) his “double - focusing stage-scanning microscope“ in 1961, (8) people understood what it could do.
11、 During the 17-year life of the patent, no (9) of similar design were manufactured. (10) for his newly invented optics, Minsky (11) on to other challen- ges, leaving his intention to rust in a (12) of his basement.Thirteen years later his approach (13) known as confocal microscopy(双焦显微镜学) caught pub
12、lic attention. (14) , the technology is proving to be one of the most exciting advances in optical microscopy in this century. The extent (15) which current interest was sparked by rediscovery of Minskys early (16) is not completely clear. (17) , the happy result is that scores of (18) kinds of conf
13、ocal microscopes are now (19) in form that (20) from easy to complicated.（分数：20.00）A.forB.atC.asD.inA.tooB.eitherC.evenD.alsoA.viewB.makeC.bringD.growA.withB.withoutC.andD.butA.partsB.sectionsC.groupsD.separationsA.acceptB.bringC.achieveD.earnA.As a resultB.HoweverC.In factD.NeverthelessA.fewB.littl
14、eC.manyD.mostA.techniquesB.worksC.inventionsD.instrumentsA.UnexpectedB.UnappreciatedC.UndoneD.UninformedA.engagedB.ignoredC.movedD.proceededA.angleB.comerC.quarterD.sideA.otherwiseB.orC.butD.howeverA.HoweverB.ForC.IndeedD.HenceA.inB.toC.forD.byA.jobB.workC.occupationD.professionA.ForB.IndeedC.Genera
15、llyD.NeverthelessA.sameB.differentC.oppositeD.contraryA.desirableB.considerableC.availableD.reliableA.differB.extendC.changeD.rangeAIDS threatens not only lives butalsoin poor countrieseconomic development. By (1) mainly at adults 20 to 49 years old, AIDS robs these societies (2) some of their most
16、productive citizens. Ignorance and fear of the disease can (3) families and communities and may even strain political relations between nations.Because AIDS is a worldwide epidemic (传染病，流行病), nothing (4) than a worldwide effort can control and perhaps some day wipe the disease. Governments must (5)
17、by fully informing their citizens (6) the epidemic and, most important, by telling people (7) actions they can take to prevent infection (感染 ). Public health agencies must also insure that blood transfusions(输血) and (8) are safe. Those already infected should receive (9) attention so they do not spr
18、ead the virus to (10) .The US government has committed more than two billion dollars to fight (11) AIDS in 1989including more than 600 million dollars for research. The screening of blood (12) has already ensured the safety of blood supplies in the US, and American military personnel are required to
19、 take (13) blood tests. Public health groups have carried (14) AIDS educatior programs aimed particularly at homo- sexuals, (15) addicts and others whose behavior makes them highly susceptible (易受影响的) (16) the virus US government agencies are also (17) public health authorities throughout the develo
20、ping world in their efforts to (18) the spread of the AIDS virus and to treat those afflicted with the disease. Given the rapid spread of the disease and the number of people now (19) , the battle against AIDS will be difficult to win. But its a battle the world cannot (20) to lose.（分数：20.00）A.strik
21、ingB.stickingC.stirringD.stingingA.fromB.forC.ofD.offA.promoteB.makeC.strengthenD.disruptA.lessB.moreC.ratherD.betterA.cooperateB.correspondC.coordinateD.contradictA.onB.againstC.aboutD.overA.howB.whatC.whetherD.thatA.indicationsB.introductionsC.infectionsD.injectionsA.directB.immediateC.verticalD.s
22、traightA.otherB.othersC.anotherD.othersA.forB.overC.againstD.throughA.devotionsB.donationsC.delegationsD.dedicationsA.occasionalB.ordinaryC.traditionalD.regularA.overB.outC.onD.offA.drugB.medicineC.drinkD.teaA.atB.forC.againstD.toA.assortingB.resistingC.insistingD.assistingA.protectB.preventionC.com
23、batD.dealA.affectedB.effectiveC.affectiveD.infectedA.faceB.confrontC.affordD.meetAmerican teenagers have always worked for extra pocket money. More than their predecessors (前辈), todays young people are (1) to work long hours during the week for hundreds of dollars each months. They spend the money (
24、2) themselves rather than contributing it (3) their families. In a 1997 (4) of 16,000 high school seniors nationwide, it was (5) that eighty percent of students who worked (6) their earnings on their own needs, (7) as clothing, stereo equipment, records and movies. (8) five percent said they contrib
25、uted most of their income, (9) often exceeded 200 a month, to help pay family living (10) .The benefits of this work-and- spend ethics (伦理观) are being (11) argued. Some experts, and many parents, (12) that year-round part-time employment increases youngsters (13) of worth, teaches them (14) responsi
26、bility and reduces tension, and thus conflict(冲突) (15) the family.Others, (16) , argue that working teenagers are separated, physically and financially, (17) their families, which in tum (18) parental authority.Teenagers schoolwork can also suffer.“When youngsters (19) for luxuries, they are buying
27、distraction (20) education,“ said a program director for the U.S. Department of Education. Working teenagers them- selves say they have less time to spend with their friends and families.（分数：20.00）(1).A about C likelyB fond D possible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A by C inB on D for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.A.toB.inC
28、.amongD.withA.viewB.inspectionC.observationD.surveyA.suggestedB.foundC.reportedD.advisedA.paidB.costC.dependedD.spentA.sameB.suchC.onlyD.soA.OtherB.OnlyC.AdditionalD.FurtherA.itB.thatC.theyD.whichA.expensesB.moneyC.valuesD.chargesA.partlyB.heatedlyC.thoroughlyD.entirelyA.insistB.demandC.suggestD.req
29、uireA.senseB.knowledgeC.learningD.feelingA.racialB.radicalC.financialD.rationalA.withB.withinC.fromD.byA.furthermoreB.thereforeC.howeverD.besidesA.inB.withC.fromD.byA.weakensB.losesC.reducesD.destroysA.askB makeC doA.fromB.withC.inD.on大学英语四级综合-完形填空(二)答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)The horse and carriage i
30、s a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, (1) first marriages uniting young people, are the result of mutual attraction and affection (2) than practical considerations.In the United States, parents do not (3) marriages for
31、 their children. Teenagers begin dating in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social (4) .(5) young people feel free to choose their friends from (6) groups, most choose a mate of similar (7) .This is due in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot (8) spouses (配 偶 )
32、for their children, but they can usually (9) choices by voicing disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable.(10) , marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriages) are (11) probably because of the greater mobility of todays youth and the fact that
33、 they are (12) by fewer prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their hometowns to attend college, serve in the armed forces, (13) pursue a career in a bigger city.Once away from home and family, they are more (14) to date and marry outside their own social group.In mobile American so
34、ciety, inter- class marriages are neither (15) nor astoni- shing. Interfaith marriages are (16) the rise, especially between Protestants (基督 教徒) and Catholics (天主教徒). On the other hand, interracial marriages are still very (17) . It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, m
35、aintain friendships, and (18) a family. Marriages between people of different national (19) (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here (20) colonial times.（分数：20.00）A.speciallyB.naturallyC.particularly D.fortunately解析：解析 词义辨析题。根据上下文，此处有强调之意，四个选项中，specially 意为“特意地，专门地”，naturally 意为“自
36、然地”，particularly 意为“尤其，特别”，fortunately 意为“幸运地”，结合句意“大多数美国人的婚姻，_美国年轻人的第一次婚姻，都是建立在互相吸引的结果之上”，可知 C 正确。A.moreB.rather C.lessD.better解析：解析 惯用搭配题。空格所在句并无比较之意，故 A，C，D 三个选项均可排除。rather than 意为“而不是”，符合题意。A.arrange B.engageC.manageD.propose解析：解析 惯用搭配题。arrange sthfor sb意为“为某人安排某事”，engage 意为“订婚，从事”，不与 marriage 搭
37、配，manage 意为“努力”，propose 意为“提出，求婚”，结合句意“父母_孩子的婚姻”，可知选 A。A.positionB.manageC.contractD.contacts 解析：解析 词义辨析题。position 意为“位置，地位”，manage 意为“管理”，contract 意为“合同，协议”，contact 意为“接触，联系”，结合句意“通常通过自己的学校或社会_找到伴侣”可知，D 最符合题意。A.SinceB.Though C.IfD.Hence解析：解析 语法结构题。though 曲通常引导让步状语从句，since 可引导原因状语从句，if 引导条件状语从句，henc
38、e 表示结果，而该空格所在句前后关系为转折，故用 though。A.separateB.identicalC.independentD.different 解析：A.background B.situationC.circumstanceD.condition解析：解析 词义辨析题。background 意为“背景”，situation 意为“形势，情形”，circumstance意为“环境”，condition 意为“状况，条件”，A 最符合题意。A.opposeB.rejectC.select D.approve解析：解析 词义辨析题。oppose 意为“反对”，reject 意为“拒绝”
39、，select 意为“选择，精选”，approve 意为“批准，赞成”。结合句意“父母不能为孩子_ 配偶”可知，C 正确。A.influence B.makeC.affordD.provide解析：解析 词义辨析题。influence 意为“影响”，afford 意为“供得起，买得起”，make 意为“做”，provide 意为“提供”，结合句意“他们通常可以通过反对他们认为不合适的对象来_选择”，可知 A 正确。A.ThereforeB.However C.MoreoverD.Likewise解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。therefore 意为“因此”，however 意为“然而”，moreov
40、er 意为“而且”，likewise 意为“同理”，由下句表述的原因可以看出该空格所在句和上文为转折关系，故 B 正确。A.decliningB.prohibitingC.increasing D.reducing解析：解析 词义辨析题。decline 意为“下降”，prohibit 意为“禁止”，increase 意为“增加”，recluce 意为“减少”，结合句意“因为当今年轻人的流动性更大，不同群体成员间的婚姻有可能_”可知 C 正确。A.restrainedB.retainedC.reservedD.restricted 解析：解析 词义辨析题。restrain 意为“抑制，克制”，r
41、etain 意为“保留，保持”，reserve 意为“保留，贮藏”，restrict 意为“限制，限定”，结合句意“比起父母，他们(年轻人)受到更少偏见的_”可知，D 最符合题意。A.butB.or C.soD.otherwise解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。由句子结构可知，attend，serve 和 pursue 之间应该是并列关系，故 or 正确。A.likely B.possibleC.reluctantD.lonely解析：解析 词义辨析题。likely 意为“很可能的”，possible 通常不能用人作主语，reluctant 意为“不愿意的，勉强的”，lonely 意为“孤单的，寂寞的
42、”，常作表语。结合句意“一旦离开家，他们更_和自己的社交群以外的人约会、结婚”可知，A 正确。A.scarceB.riskyC.rare D.rigid解析：解析 词义辨析题。rare 意为“罕见的”，scarce 意为“稀有的，缺乏的”，risky“冒险的，危险的”，rigid 意为“呆板的，僵硬的”。结合句意“在流动性较大的美国社会，跨阶层婚姻既不_也不令人感到惊奇”，可知当今美国不同阶层间的结婚并不少见，故 C 正确。A.inB.atC.forD.on 解析：解析 惯用搭配题。on the rise 为固定词组，意思为“上升，上涨”。A.normalB.uncommon C.ordina
43、ryD.usual解析：解析 词义辨析题。normal 意为“正常的”，uncommon 意为“不普通的，不平常的”，ordinary意为“平常的”，由 on the other hand 可知，跨种族婚姻仍然比较少，故 B 正确。A.raise B.settleC.growD.unite解析：解析 惯用搭配题。raise a family 为固定词组，意思为“养家”。A.sourceB.conventionC.origin D.immigrant解析：解析 词义辨析题。source 意为“源泉”，convention 意为“传统，习俗”，origin 意为“起源，起因”，immigrant
44、意为“移民”，结合括号内的 the same race and religion 可知，C 最符合题意。A.since B.forC.inD.during解析：解析 语法结构题。since 意为“自以来”，for 意为“长达”，引导一个时间段，in 和during 都有“在期间”的意思，colonialtimes(殖民时代)是一个具体的时期，排除 B，如果用 C 或D，原句的现在完成时应改为过去式，故选 A。Marvin Minsky is famous (1) the father of Artificial Intelligence, but he was (2) the author o
45、f another signal achievement. In the 1950s, he built a revolutionary light microscope that enabled him to (3) successfully deeper layer in a specimen with astonishing clearness, (4) first having to undertake the hard task of cutting the specimen into thin (5) Minskys invention did not (6) wide prais
46、e from the public at that time. (7) , when he patented(申请 专利权) his “double - focusing stage-scanning microscope“ in 1961, (8) people understood what it could do. During the 17-year life of the patent, no (9) of similar design were manufactured. (10) for his newly invented optics, Minsky (11) on to o
47、ther challen- ges, leaving his intention to rust in a (12) of his basement.Thirteen years later his approach (13) known as confocal microscopy(双焦显微镜学) caught public attention. (14) , the technology is proving to be one of the most exciting advances in optical microscopy in this century. The extent (
48、15) which current interest was sparked by rediscovery of Minskys early (16) is not completely clear. (17) , the happy result is that scores of (18) kinds of confocal microscopes are now (19) in form that (20) from easy to complicated.（分数：20.00）A.forB.atC.as D.in解析：解析 词义辨析题。常与 famous 搭配的介词有 at 和 for。
49、be famous at 意为“是的名手，善于”，be famous for 意为“因而著名”，表示原因。但这两个介词用在这里都不合适，原文意为“Minsky 以人工智能之父而闻名”，应用表示“作为，当作”之意的介词 as，故选 C。A.tooB.eitherC.evenD.also 解析：解析 语法结构题。also 表示肯定，多用于句中或句末；too 表“也”之意时，一般用于句末，且用逗号隔开，either 通常用于否定句中，故正确答案为 D。A.view B.makeC.bringD.grow解析：解析 词义辨析题。结合常理可知，显微镜通常用于观察标本，故四个选项中 view“观察，观看”符合题意。A.withB.without C.andD.but解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。由上文的信息词 successfully 和 with astonishing clearness 及下文的undertake the hard task 可推知，因为能成功看清，就不用做后面提
