1、大学英语四级阅读-20 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Mirages (海市蜃楼) are produced by refraction (折射) of light within a layer of air. This layer of air resists (1) up, even in a fairly strong wind.Probably the most popular mirage picture is one of a lake
2、 in a (2) desert. There may even be the appearance of (3) breaking on the shore. The easiest form of mirage to study, however, is one that has been seen by millions of people-those seeming strips of water on asphalt-surfaced (柏油路面的) roads that disappear suddenly when one (4) them.The scientist consi
3、ders the long distance mirage as the most (5) of mirage forms, since it is against a basic law of physics. The law states that the apparent size of an (6) seems smaller as we move away from it; however, this kind of mirage will carry a (7) of a ship, a town, or an island a thousand miles and set it
4、up in the sky as big as life.Mirages may have had an (8) on history: A World War I story deals with a battle between the Turks and the British. (9) the stronger Turkish army was gaining the advantage when one of the soldiers reported that British troops were advancing. After a hurried meeting, the T
5、urkish forces withdrew (撤退). In reality there were no (10) British troops what had been reported was a mirage showing men who were a hundred miles away.A. similarly B. supposedly C. puzzling D. wavesE. negotiates F. advancing G. effect H. hostileI. breaking J. waterless K. liberty L. pictureM. objec
6、t N. approaches O. humble（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Over a hundred years ago, Charles Dickens shocked many of his readers when he described the conditions under which young children worked in British factories. The conditions Dickens described con
7、tinue almost (1) today in many parts of the world. The only difference is that today (2) of children is limited to small industries and family businesses, such as hotels, restaurants and (3) farms, rather than to large factories.Girls (4) more from child labor practices than boys. Many of them are f
8、orced to start work when they are only ten years old. Although the work they are given to do is often (5) , it is often harmful to their health. (6) , children as young as six years were found to be working in Asian factories, and the children were working from eight to fourteen hours a day in overc
9、rowded and unhealthy working (7) . Sometimes a whole family group is employed, with the (8) going to a parent or older relative. The children not only receive nothing or very little for their long hours of work, but also they are prevented from attending school. Therefore, when they become older the
10、y are unable to do any other kind of work.The (9) to the problem of child labor is clearly better laws to protect young children, greater supervision of industry and heavier frees for those who break the laws. Only in this way can young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most (10) time of their
11、liveschildren.A. elsewhere B. employment C. dissolved D. lightE. recently F. solution G. unchanged H. sufferI. conditions J. perspective K impatient L. valuableM. particularly N. proceed O. payment（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Section B(总题数：2，分数：40
12、.00)Develop Healthy Eating Habits in Your ChildrenA. What do you think your children are served at school? The children were served chips and other “junk foods“ (powder and water for soup!) on a daily basis. They shunned any vegetables placed on their plates despite genuine efforts made by the cooks
13、 at the canteens to make them food from fresh vegetables. Wastage of food is an enormous issue in these canteens. This article will be focused mostly on vegetables because these are the main foods which are a problem for children.B. Educate your children about the different types of vegetables. Try
14、the following experiment. Take some junk foods like chips, burgers, nuggets, etc. and add a few vegetables like beet, spinach, watercress, celery, or choose any other vegetables from this list of culinary vegetables and ask your kid the names of each food item. Ill bet you that your child will know
15、all the junk foods and will fail to know the names of about 30% of the vegetables youll place in front of him/her. So the first thing Ill recommend is to familiarize your kids with the different vegetables there are, their tastes, their textures, their colors, their flavors in food. Let them actuall
16、y experience the joy of fresh vegetables and hopefully this will help them get rid of the bad image vegetables ingrained in childrens minds.C. Stop rewarding your kids. Most parents try to bribe their children into eating vegetables by coaxing them with rewards. This kind of behavior will instill th
17、e idea that vegetables are something that they are forced to eat for a reward. If there are no rewards, your children wont bother eating the vegetables. If you are doing this, you must STOP it now because you will only be fooling yourself and your kids for a “short period“. If you want your kids to
18、gain healthy eating habits for the rest of his/her life, you must start by explaining to them why eating vegetables are good for them. They wont be able to understand this at first but be inflexible (not forceful). Explain each time that kids must eat vegetables to stay healthy and smart.D. Stop pun
19、ishing your kids. Like the rewarding kids, there are some parents who go to extreme measures in order to make their children finish their meals. These experiences will make the children create an aversion for vegetables. Dont shove the vegetables down his/her throat but rather be patient and take th
20、e time to explain to your children that vegetables will do their health good.E. Actually cook them food. Most parents actually buy foods for their kids or just microwave something they put together like the “powder and water to make soup“ food. Most of the instantaneous foods which take just a few m
21、inutes to cook are actually junk foods. Let your kids taste a real carrot soup with real carrots in it instead of just powder and water. If you are like me and dont have enough time on your hands, just wake up one hour earlier to cook food and get your spouse to help you if you are married. You may
22、also want to cook in large quantifies and freeze the food. Next time you want to serve the foods, just heat them. If you do not know how to cook, its never late to learn.F. Limit the pocket money. Kids today have too much money and not enough control. Teaching kids how to manage money is one of the
23、biggest challenges facing any parent. If you can teach your child the difference between needs and wants, how to budget and how to save, your child will know more than many adults. Limit their pocket money so that they dont buy candy or a chocolate bar every time they are hungry. Prepare them a heal
24、thy lunch meal instead of giving them money to buy food to eat.G. Give your kids healthy snacks. Instead of giving him two chocolates, two candies, or one chocolate and biscuit, why not treat him to a chocolate and an apple or a yogurt and some biscuit. Kids must eat sweets but also healthy foods. S
25、o create a combination of sweets and healthy foods and each time he wants a chocolate, give him an apple dipped in some chocolate or a chocolate cake with oranges in it. He will like it and also eat healthily at the same time.H. Hide the vegetables in the dishes. Despite your various attempts and yo
26、u find your kid still not enjoying the vegetable you have cooked for him, then it is time for you to resort to some guerrilla tactics. You must try to hide the vegetables in the dishes you prepare for him. You can puree vegetables for pasta sauces or you put the vegetables on a pizza. You can also m
27、ake shakes and smoothies from fresh vegetables. There are many sneaky ways to prepare dishes with vegetables which are not so apparent. If you are discovered by your kids, you may be accused of “cheating“ but at least you are sacrificing yourself for the goods of your children.I. Encourage family me
28、als. Children get some motivation and actually love the family atmosphere where everybody sits around the table for a meal. Even if you are busy all day, at least take some time to enjoy a meal with your children. Learn to know what they are not eating. Encourage them to eat by telling them how such
29、 a vegetable will benefit their health.J. Make them watch educational cartoons on food and nutrition. Children are easily influenced by what they watch on TV. A cartoon from Ireland known as Food Dudes is already getting children hooked on vegetables. The Food Dudes are 4 preteens called Razz, Rocco
30、, Charlie and Tom who fight against the evil Junk Punks (General Junk and his sidekicks) who are depriving the world of fruits and veggies! The teens get their superpowers by consuming healthful foods like raspberries (Razz), broccoli (Rocco), carrots (Charlie) and tomatoes (Tom).K. And last but not
31、 least, be a model to your kids. Avoid bad eating habits in front of your children as children are very intelligent persons and they can learn very quickly to emulate your eating habits. Also if youre practicing healthy eating habits, its a lot easier to convince children to do the same. Kids are ve
32、ry smart nowadays. You will lose many battles at first but you will win the war eventually if you stick to the above guidelines. Use your imagination.（分数：20.00）(1).Childrens bad eating habits may derive from their parents unhealthy diet.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Most instantaneous foods prepared by the pa
33、rents for their children are mostly junk foods.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).When children are still unwilling to eat vegetable, parents can use some guerilla strategies like hide the vegetables in the dishes for their children.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).It is not a good way for parents to reward their children for
34、eating vegetables.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).The children who are punished for not eating vegetables by their parents will create an aversion for vegetables.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).Children tend to spend their pocket money on junk foods when they are hungry.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).Wastage of food is a big problem
35、in school canteens since some children are not willing to eat any vegetables.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).Children are not likely to know all the vegetables, but they may know all the junk foods instead.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).Children are now being induced into eating vegetables by an Ireland TV cartoon called
36、Food Dudes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).Food can be cooked in large quantifies and saved for the next meal.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_A Nice Cup of TeaThe Legendary Origins of TeaA. The story of tea began in ancient China over 5,000 years ago. According to legend, Shen Nung, an early emperor was a skilled ruler, creat
37、ive scientist and lover of the arts. One summer day while visiting a distant region of his realm, he and the court stopped to rest. The servants began to boil water for the court to drink. Dried leaves from the nearby bush fell into the boiling water, and a brown liquid was infused into the water. A
38、s a scientist, the Emperor was interested in the new liquid, drank some, and found it very refreshing. And so, according to legend, tea was created.B. Tea consumption spread throughout the Chinese culture reaching into every aspect of the society. In 800 A.D. Lu Yu wrote the first definitive book on
39、 tea, the Cha Ching. This amazing man was an orphan and raised by scholarly Buddhist monks in one of Chinas finest monasteries. However, as a young man, he rebelled against the discipline of priestly training which had made him a skilled observer. His fame as a performer increased with each year, bu
40、t he felt his life lacked meaning. Finally, in mid-life, he retired for five years into seclusion. Drawing from his vast memory of observed events and places, he codified (编撰) the various methods of tea cultivation and preparation in ancient China. The vast definitive nature of his work, projected h
41、im into near sainthood within his own lifetime. Patronized by the Emperor himself, his work clearly showed the Zen Buddhist philosophy to which he was exposed as a child. It was this form of tea service that Zen Buddhist missionaries would later introduce to imperial Japan.Europe Learns of TeaC. Whi
42、le tea was at this high level of development in both Japan and China, information concerning this then unknown beverage began to filter back to Europe. Earlier caravan leaders had mentioned it, but were unclear as to its service format or appearance. (One reference suggests the leaves be boiled, sal
43、ted, buttered, and eaten!) The first European to personally encounter tea and write about it was the Portuguese Jesuit Father Jasper de Cruz in 1560. Portugal, with her technologically advanced navy, had been successful in gaining the first right of trade with China. It was as a missionary on that f
44、irst commercial mission that Father de Cruz had tasted tea four years before.D. The Portuguese developed a trade route by which they shipped their tea to Lisbon, and then Dutch ships transported it to France, Holland, and the Baltic countries. (At that time Holland was politically affiliated with Po
45、rtugal. When this alliance was altered in 1602, Holland, with her excellent navy, entered into full Pacific trade in her own right.) Great Britain was the last of the three great sea-faring nations to break into the Chinese and East Indian trade routes. This was due in part to the unsteady ascension
46、 to the throne of the Stuarts and the Cromwellian Civil War. The first samples of tea reached England between 1652 and 1654. Tea quickly proved popular enough to replace ale as the national drink of England.E. As in Holland, it was the nobility that provided the necessary stamp of approval and so in
47、sured its acceptance. King Charles had married, while in exile, the Portuguese Infanta Catherine de Braganza (1662). Charles himself had grown up in the Dutch capital. As a result, both he and his Portuguese bride were confirmed tea drinkers. When the monarchy was re-established, the two rulers brou
48、ght this foreign tea tradition to England with them. As early as 1600 Elizabeth I had founded the John Company for the purpose of promoting Asian trade. When Catherine de Braganza married Charles she brought as part of her dowry the territories of Tangier and Bombay. Suddenly, the John Company had a base of operations.F. Tea mania swept across England as it had earl
