1、翻译二级笔译综合能力分类模拟题 67 及答案解析(总分：51.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Modern industrial society grants little status to old people. In fact, such a society has a system of built-in obsolescence. There is no formal system for continuing our education throughout our life in order to keep u
2、p with rapidly changing knowledge. When our education and job skills have grown obsolete, we are treated exactly like those who have never gained an education or job skills and are not encouraged or given the opportunity to begin anew. As a society becomes more highly developed, the overall status o
3、f older people diminishes. Improved health technology creates a large pool of old people, who compete for jobs with the young. However, economic technology lowers the demand for workers and creates new jobs for which the skills of the aged are obsolete, forcing older people into retirement. At the s
4、ame time, young people are being educated in the new technology and are keeping pace with rapid changes in knowledge. Finally, urbanization creates age-segregated neighborhoods. Because the old live on fixed incomes, they must often live in inferior housing. All these factorsretirement, obsolete kno
5、wledge and skills, inferior standards of livinglower the status of the aged in society. A century ago, when one could expect to live only to 50 or so, the life span more or less coincided with the occupation and family cycle. But today the average life span allows for fifteen to twenty years of life
6、 after these cycles. It appears that our life span is outpacing our usefulness in society.（分数：20.00）(1).By “a system of built-in obsolescence“ the author means _.（分数：2.00）A.no formal systems exist in modern industrial societyB.old people have no status in modem industrial societyC.young people have
7、chances in modern industrial societyD.knowledge changes rapidly in modern industrial society(2).According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.People don“t have to gain education.B.People don“t have to learn job skills.C.People don“t have to be treated as equals.D.People
8、 don“t have chances to begin anew.(3).The more highly developed a society is, _.（分数：2.00）A.the more advanced technology will beB.the larger the number of people will beC.the more diminished old people“s status will beD.the lower the overall status of the people will be(4).The high development of eco
9、nomic technology _.（分数：2.00）A.makes job skills out of fashionB.lowers the demand for workersC.forces old people into retirementD.creates new jobs for older people(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Retired people could only live on fixed incomes.B.Retired people are more ski
10、llful than young people,C.Young people are educated in the new technology.D.Young people are keeping pace with rapid changes.(6).According to this passage, the status of the aged is lowered by their _.（分数：2.00）A.forced retirementB.inferior housingC.longer life spanD.fixed incomes(7).The sentence “ou
11、r life span outpaces our usefulness“ means we can live longer _.（分数：2.00）A.and make progressB.and do more workC.but move slowlyD.but become useless(8).The author“s attitude toward the aged is _.（分数：2.00）A.realisticB.optimisticC.pessimisticD.sympathetic(9).It can be deduced from this passage that one
12、 should _.（分数：2.00）A.learn new skillsB.be open-mindedC.have a good personalityD.keep pace with the times(10).Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?（分数：2.00）A.The Problem of AgingB.Social StructuresC.Economic TechnologyD.Continuing Education二、 Cloze Test(总题数：1，分数：32.00)World
13、 Water ShortageA new study warns that about thirty percent of the world“s people may not have enough water by the year 2025. A private American organization called 1 Action International did the new study. It says 2 than three-hundred-thirty-five-million people 3 enough water now. The people live in
14、 twenty-eight 4 . Most of the countries are in Africa or the 5 East. P-A-I researcher Robert Engelman says 6 the year 2025, about three-thousand-million people 7 lack water. At least 18 more countries are 8 to have severe water problems. The demand 9 water keeps increasing. Yet the amount of water o
15、n Earth 10 the same. Mr. Engelman says the population in countries that lack water is 11 faster than in other parts of the world. He says 12 growth in these countries will continue to 13 . The report says lack of water in the future may 14 in several problems. It may increase health 15 . Lack of wat
16、er often means drinking 16 not safe. Mr. Engelman says there are problems 17 over the world because of diseases, such as cholera, 18 are carried in water. Lack of water may also result 19 more international conflict. Countries may have to 20 for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty perc
17、ent of their fresh water from other countries. This is true of Egypt, the Netherlands, Cambodia, Syria, Sudan, and Iraq. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability of developing to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need a large amount of water when they ar
18、e beginning.（分数：32.00）三、 Writing(总题数：1，分数：-1.00)1.Read the following English passage and then write a Chinese summary of approximately 300 words that expresses its main ideas and basic information. Deceptively small in column inches, a recent New York Times article holds large meaning for us in busi
19、ness. The item concerned one Daniel Provenzano, 38, of Upper Saddle River, N.J. Here is the relevant portion: When he owned a Fort Lee printing company called Advice Inc., Mr. Provenzano said he found out that a sales representative he employed had stolen $9,000. Mr. Provenzano said he told the man
20、that “if he wanted to keep his employment, I would have to break his thumb.“ He said another Advice employee drove the sales representative to Holy Name Hospital in Teaneck, broke the thumb with a hammer outside the hospital, and then had a car service take the man home after the thumb was repaired.
21、 Mr. Provenzano explained that he “didn“t want to set an example“ that workers could get away with stealing. The worker eventually paid back $4,500 and kept his job, he said. I know that you“re thinking: This is an outrage. I, too, was shocked that Provenzano was being prosecuted for his astute mana
22、gement. Indeed, I think his “modest proposal“ has a lot to teach managers as they struggle with the problems of our people-centered business environment. Problems such as Dealing with the bottom 10%. GE made the system famous, but plenty of companies are using it: Every year you get rid of the worst
23、-evaluated workers. Many managers object that this practice is inhumane, but not dealing with that bottom 10% leads to big performance problems. Provenzano found a kinder, gentler answer. After all, this employee would have been fired virtually anywhere else. But at Advice Inc., he stayed on the job
24、. And you know what? I bet he became a very, veryveryproductive employee. For most managers Provenzano“s innovative response will be a welcome new addition to their executive tool kit. And by the way, “executive tool kit“ is clearly more than just a metaphor at Advice Inc. Being the employer of choi
25、ce. With top talent scarce everywhere, most companies now want to be their industry“s or their community“s most desirable employer. Advice Inc. understood. The employee in question wasn“t simply disciplined in his supervisor“s office and sent home. No, that“s how an ordinary employer would have done
26、 it. But at Advice Inc., another employeethe HR manager, perhaps? took time out his busy day and drove the guy right to the emergency room. And thenthe detail that says it allthe company provided a car service to drive the employee home. The message to talented job candidates comes through loud and
27、clear: Advice Inc. is a company that cares. Setting an example to others. An eternal problem for managers is how to let all employees know what happens to those who perform especially well or badly. A few companies actually post everyone“s salary and bonus on their intranet. But pay is so one-dimens
28、ional. At Advice Inc., a problem that would hardly be mentioned at most companiesembezzlement was undoubtedly the topic of rich discussions for weeks, at least until the employee“s cast came off. Any employee theft probably went way, waywaydown. When the great Roberto Goizueta was CEO of Coca-Cola h
29、e used to talk about this problem of setting examples and once observed, “Sometimes you must have an execution in the public square!“ But of course he was speaking only figuratively. If he had just listened to his own words, Goizueta might have been an even better CEO. Differentiation. This is one o
30、f Jack Welch“ s favorite conceptsthe idea that managers should treat different employees very differently based on performance. Welch liked to differentiate with salary, bonus, and stock options, but now, in what must henceforth be known as the post-Provenzano management era, we can see that GE“s gr
31、eat management thinker just wasn“t thinking big enough. This Times article is tantalizing and frustrating. In just a few sentences it opens a whole new world of management, yet much more surely remains to be told. We must all urge Provenzano to write a book explaining his complete managerial philoso
32、phy. （分数：-1.00）_翻译二级笔译综合能力分类模拟题 67 答案解析(总分：51.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Modern industrial society grants little status to old people. In fact, such a society has a system of built-in obsolescence. There is no formal system for continuing our education throughout our life in
33、order to keep up with rapidly changing knowledge. When our education and job skills have grown obsolete, we are treated exactly like those who have never gained an education or job skills and are not encouraged or given the opportunity to begin anew. As a society becomes more highly developed, the o
34、verall status of older people diminishes. Improved health technology creates a large pool of old people, who compete for jobs with the young. However, economic technology lowers the demand for workers and creates new jobs for which the skills of the aged are obsolete, forcing older people into retir
35、ement. At the same time, young people are being educated in the new technology and are keeping pace with rapid changes in knowledge. Finally, urbanization creates age-segregated neighborhoods. Because the old live on fixed incomes, they must often live in inferior housing. All these factorsretiremen
36、t, obsolete knowledge and skills, inferior standards of livinglower the status of the aged in society. A century ago, when one could expect to live only to 50 or so, the life span more or less coincided with the occupation and family cycle. But today the average life span allows for fifteen to twent
37、y years of life after these cycles. It appears that our life span is outpacing our usefulness in society.（分数：20.00）(1).By “a system of built-in obsolescence“ the author means _.（分数：2.00）A.no formal systems exist in modern industrial societyB.old people have no status in modem industrial society C.yo
38、ung people have chances in modern industrial societyD.knowledge changes rapidly in modern industrial society解析：解析 本题考查推理判断。根据文章第一段前三句“Modem industrial society grants little status to old people. In fact, such a society has a system of built-in obsolescence. There is no formal system for continuing o
39、ur education throughout our life in order to keep up with rapidly changing knowledge.”可知，在现代社会中，老人的低位很低。事实上，这个社会有一个固有的荒废体系。没有继续教育的正规体系以使老年人跟上不断变化的知识。据此推断，答案是 B。(2).According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.People don“t have to gain education.B.People don“t have to l
40、earn job skills.C.People don“t have to be treated as equals.D.People don“t have chances to begin anew. 解析：解析 本题考查是非判断。根据文章第一段第四句“When our education and job skills have grown obsolete, we are treated exactly like those who have never gained an education or job skims and are not encouraged or given th
41、e opportunity to begin anew.”可知，当我们的教育和工作技能荒废后，我们就会像那些从来没有受过教育或拥有工作技能一样对待，而且也没有重新再来的机会。由此可知，A、B、C 三项均正确。(3).The more highly developed a society is, _.（分数：2.00）A.the more advanced technology will beB.the larger the number of people will beC.the more diminished old people“s status will be D.the lower
42、the overall status of the people will be解析：解析 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第一句“As a society becomes more highly developed, the overall status of older people diminishes.”社会越是高度发展，老年人的整体低位越低。(4).The high development of economic technology _.（分数：2.00）A.makes job skills out of fashionB.lowers the demand for workers
43、C.forces old people into retirement D.creates new jobs for older people解析：解析 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第三句“However, economic technology lowers the demand for workers and creates new jobs for which the skills of the aged are obsolete, forcing older people into retirement.”可知，经济技术降低了工人需求量，并创造了新工作，所以有进的老人就被淘汰了，迫
44、使老人退休。(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Retired people could only live on fixed incomes.B.Retired people are more skillful than young people, C.Young people are educated in the new technology.D.Young people are keeping pace with rapid changes.解析：解析 本题考查是非判断。根据文章第二段滴四、六句“At
45、 the same time，young people are being educated in the new technology and are keeping pace with rapid changes in knowledge. Because the old live on fixed incomes, they must often live in inferior housing.”可知，A、C、D 三项均正确；由第二段最后一句“All these factorsretirement, obsolete knowledge and skills, inferior sta
46、ndards of livinglower the status of the aged in society.”可知。B 项不正确。(6).According to this passage, the status of the aged is lowered by their _.（分数：2.00）A.forced retirement B.inferior housingC.longer life spanD.fixed incomes解析：解析 本题考查推理判断。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，退休、荒废的知识和技能，较低的生活标准，这些因素降低了老人的社会地位。(7).The sente
47、nce “our life span outpaces our usefulness“ means we can live longer _.（分数：2.00）A.and make progressB.and do more workC.but move slowlyD.but become useless 解析：解析 本题考查细节理解。根据第三段的最后一句“It appears that our life span is outpacing our usefulness in society.”可知，我们的寿命越来越长了，但是我们的用途却短了。outpace“超过”。(8).The auth
48、or“s attitude toward the aged is _.（分数：2.00）A.realisticB.optimisticC.pessimisticD.sympathetic 解析：解析 本题考查作者态度。根据文章第一段前两句“Modem industrial society grants little status to old people. In fact, such a society has a system of built-in obsolescence.”以及全文看，作者一直对老年人因受不到继续教育而落伍导致退休，从而在社会中失去地位而感到同情。所以，D 项 sym
49、pathetic“同情的”正确；realistic“现实的”；optimistic“乐观的”；pessimistic“悲观的”均不正确。(9).It can be deduced from this passage that one should _.（分数：2.00）A.learn new skillsB.be open-mindedC.have a good personalityD.keep pace with the times 解析：解析 本题考查推理判断。根据文章第二段第四句“At the same time, young people are being educated in the new technology and are keeping pace with rapid changes in knowledge.”因为年轻人能接受教育，而且可以跟得上知识
