1、公共英语四级-258 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Question 11 13 are based on a special TV news report about the three
2、astronauts returning from a space flight, You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 13.（分数：3.00）(1).According to the report, where did the spacecraft splash down?（分数：1.00）A.In the Atlantic Ocean.B.Six miles from Hawaii.C.145 miles from Hawaii.D.On an aircraft carrier.(2).Where would the astronaut
3、s join with their families?（分数：1.00）A.Aboard the aircraft carrier.B.Aboard the Air Force helicopter.C.In Houston.D.In Hawaii.(3).How long had the astronauts been in space?（分数：1.00）A.For two days.B.For three days.C.For twelve days.D.For fifteen days.Questions 14 16 are based on a talk about graffiti,
4、 an art form for some people or violence for others. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 16.（分数：3.00）(1).What do womens iiberation groups in Britain do with graffiti?（分数：1.00）A.Rally support for their movement.B.Liberate women from tedious housework.C.Claim their rights to equal job opportu
5、nities.D.Express their anger against sex discrimination.(2).What do some New Yorkers think of graffiti?（分数：1.00）A.It will bring a lot of trouble to the local people.B.It is a popular form of art.C.It will spoil the natural beauty of their surroundings.D.It is popular among rock stars.(3).Why does th
6、e speaker cite the example of graffiti in the London underground?（分数：1.00）A.To show that mindless graffiti can provoke violence.B.To show that Londoners have a special liking for graffiti.C.To show that graffiti,in some cases,can constitute a crime.D.To show that graffiti can make the environment mo
7、re colorful.Questions 17 20 are based on a radio interview about divorce. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 20.（分数：4.00）(1).What do we learn about the woman?（分数：1.00）A.She plans to divorce.B.She has divorced several times.C.She is a mother of more than one.D.She is a strong advocate of fe
8、minism.(2).According to the woman,which of the following statements is true?（分数：1.00）A.Divorce is to be entered into seriously.B.Childrens needs are ignored after parents get divorced.C.Most famous people look on divorce as a serious matter.D.A bad marriage is better for children than a divorce.(3).
9、What does the woman think of fixing a marriage?（分数：1.00）A.Every means should be tried before some marriages are fixed.B.Fixing a marriage is like changing a tire.C.A fixed marriage is not easily broken any more.D.Some marriages can never be fixed.(4).The woman thinks it more important for society to
10、_.（分数：1.00）A.understand the choice of divorced peopleB.give more financial support to single mothersC.help divorced people share the loss and build a new lifeD.let single mothers share the chance of a better marriage五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A person becomes part of the Christian community
11、 through baptism it is a matter of choice (21) birth. The Christian community is a gathered community (22) who believe that Jesus is the Christ and that they have salvation (23) . It is open to males and females of any age, race, or (24) A Christian is normally affiliated with a particular parish or
12、 congregation that is (258) the care of a particular clergyperson. A baptized person is usually (26) a Christian by all Christians everywhere; however, there may be some additional requirements to meet if a person (27) to a church of a different tradition.Giving money and goods needed by others (28)
13、 a part of Christian living. Some Christians engage in tithing,the (29) of 10 percent of their income to support the work of the church, (30) includes charitable services of those in need. Other Christians give smaller (31) of their income to the church but contribute either directly to those in nee
14、d or to organizations that serve human beings or lower animals.Although some Christians believe the world will continue to become more evil until Christ returns to earth, (32) think that they (33) improve the world. Christian service to God means, (34) ,not only charity to meet current needs but als
15、o altering institutions and structures of society in order to (35) poverty, illness, and injustices. For some Christians, the social implications of the gospel are almost as important as the religion. John Woolman visited the slaveholders in the United States to (36) them to free their slaves. Henry
16、 Ward Beecher openly supported a campaign to free all the slaves. Walter Rauschenbusch labored to improve living and working conditions for poor people in cities. Albert Schweitzer brought modern medicine to people in Africa. Martin Luther King used the (37) resistance methods (38) by Mohandas K. Ga
17、ndhi to win recognition of civil right for black people of the United States. Mother Teresa worked to save abandoned children in Calcutta. These few examples give some idea of the (39) of activities (40) have fostered to improve the living conditions of their fellow humans.（分数：20.00）A.rather thanB.r
18、ather than ofC.rather. than ofD.not ofA.of theseB.of thatC.of a personD.of thoseA.in his nameB.to his nameC.under the name ofD.in their nameA.nationB.countryC.nationalityD.nationalA.inB.ofC.underD.withA.acceptedB.acceptingC.accepting asD.accepted asA.chargesB.transformsC.turnsD.transfersA.isB.has lo
19、ng beenC.areD.have long beenA.donationB.givingC.sendingD.contributionA.thatB.whatC.whichD.in whichA.amountsB.numbersC.amountD.numberA.fewB.some peopleC.many peopleD.many othersA.mayB.canC.mustD.are obliged toA.to himB.to themC.to herD.to usA.improveB.changeC.careD.alleviateA.talkB.persuadeC.sayD.con
20、vincedA.non-violentB.violentC.inviolentD.noviolentA.proceededB.pioneeredC.processedD.possessedA.varietyB.kindsC.sortsD.variousA.the poor peopleB.the blackC.JesusD.Christians六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Would you like to orbit the Earth inside th
21、e International Space Station? Now you can take a space holidayfor a price. This is due to a recent decision by top space officials of the United States, Russia, Canada, Japan and the European Space Agency.Last April, American businessman Dennis Tito reportedly paid between twelve million and twenty
22、 million dollars to spend one week on the International Space Station. NASA had strongly objected to the Russian plan to permit a civilian on the costly research vehicle. After two years of negotiations, space officials have agreed on a process to train private citizens to take trips to the Internat
23、ional Space Station.NASA recently agreed to conditions that will permit Russia to sell trips to the space station. The trips are planned by an American company called Space Adventures Limited of Arlington, Virginia. The company calls itself “the worlds leading space tourism company“. The company has
24、 sold a space trip to Mark Shuttle-worth , a South African businessman. In April, Mr Shuttleworth will be launched into space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.Experts say the change in policy at NASA shows a new desire to use space vehicles for business and industrial purposes. In a speech
25、 to Congress last year, NASA official Michael Hawes said that the space agency had not considered civilian travel as one of the industries it wanted to develop. However, Mr Hawes said that private space travel could now be done as long as safety measures are observed carefully.Yet, the average citiz
26、en will not be able to travel into space in the near future. Space Adventures Limited sells a training program for space flight that costs two hundred thousand dollars. That price does not include the cost of the trip to the International Space Station. That holiday in space costs twenty million dol
27、lars.Candidates for adventure space travel trips must be in excellent heaith and must pass difficult health tests. They must receive a lot of training. Besides, good English can help you prepare for a space holiday. This is because all successful candidates who wish to travel to the International Sp
28、ace Station must be able to read and speak English.（分数：5.00）(1).At first, NASA is_private citizens space travel.（分数：1.00）A.forB.againstC.indifferent toD.hesitant about(2).The time between American businessman Dennis Titos and a South African businessman Mark Shuttleworths space travel is_.（分数：1.00）A
29、.one yearB.two yearsC.three yearsD.four years(3).NASA thinks space travellers must_to do private space travel.（分数：1.00）A.observe safety measures carefullyB.have a new desire to use space vehicles for civilian travelC.negotiate with Russia or NASAD.be as rich as Dennis Tito and Mark Shuttleworth(4).I
30、f a person really wants to go to the space station,he or she should spend_in total.（分数：1.00）A.$ 200000B.twelve million dollarsC.twenty million dollarsD.more than twenty million dollars(5).Those who want to travel in the space should _.（分数：1.00）A.afford the expenses of the space tripB.pass the health
31、 check and physical trainingC.speak EnglishD.alI of the above九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)William Shakespeare described old age as “second childishness“ no teeth, no eyes, no taste. In the case of taste he may, musically speaking, has been more perceptive than he realized. A paper in Neurology by Giova
32、nni Frisoni and his colleagues at the National Centre for Research and Care of Alzheimers Disease in Italy, shows that frontotemporal dementia can affect musical desires in ways that suggest a regression, if not to infancy, then at least to a patients teens.Frontotemporal dementia, a disease usually
33、 found with old people, is caused, as its name suggests, by damage to the front and sides of the brain. These regions are concerned with speech, and with such “higher“ functions as abstract thinking and judgment.Two of such patients intrigued Dr Frisoni. One was a 68-year-old lawyer, the other a 73-
34、year-old housewife. Both had undamaged memories, but displayed the sorts of defect associated with frontotemporal dementia a diagnosis that was confirmed by brain scanning.About two years after he was first diagnosed, the lawyer, once a classical music lover who referred to pop music as “mere noise“
35、, started listening to the Italian pop band “883“. As his command of language and his emotional attachments to friends and family deteriorated, he continued to listen to the band at full volume for many hours a day. The housewife had not even had the lawyers love of classical music, having never enj
36、oyed music of any sort in the past. But about a year after her diagnosis she became very interested in the songs that her 11-year-old granddaughter was listening to.This kind of change in musical taste was not seen in any of the Alzheimers patients, and thus appears to be specific to those with fron
37、totemporai dementia. And other studies have remarked on how frontotemporal- dementia patients sometimes gain new talents. Five sufferers who developed artistic abilities are known. And in another case, one woman with the disease suddenly started composing and singing country and western songs.Dr Fri
38、soni speculates that the illness is causing people to develop a new attitude towards novel experiences. Previous studies of novelty-seeking behavior suggest that it is managed by the brains right frontal lobe. A predominance of the right over the left frontal lobe, caused by damage to the latter, mi
39、ght thus lead to a quest for new experience. Alternatively, the damage may have affected some specific nervous system that is needed to appreciate certain kinds of music. Whether that is a gain or a loss is a different matter. As Dr Frisoni puts it in his article, there is no accounting for taste.（分
40、数：5.00）(1).The writer quotes Shakespeare mainly to_.（分数：1.00）A.praise the keen perception of the great English writerB.support Dr Frisonis theory about a diseaseC.start the discussion on a brain diseaseD.show the long history of the disease(2).The word “regression“ in the first paragraph is best rep
41、laced by_.（分数：1.00）A.backward movementB.uncontrolled inclinationC.rapid advancementD.unexpected restoration(3).After contracting frontotemporal dementia, the 68-year-old lawyer_.（分数：1.00）A.became more dependent on his familyB.grew fond of classical musicC.recovered from language incompetenceD.enjoye
42、d loud Italian popular music(4).Frontotemporal dementia is a disease_.（分数：1.00）A.identified with loss of memoryB.causing damage to certain parts of the brainC.whose patients may develop new talentsD.whose symptoms are similar to those of Alzheimers patients(5).Dr Frisoni attributed the patients chan
43、ging music taste to_.（分数：1.00）A.mans desire to seek novel experienceB.the damage to the left part of the brainC.the shift of predominance from the right lobe to the leftD.the weakening of some part of the nervous system十、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Dr Thomas Starzl, like all the pioneers of organ transp
44、lantation, had to learn to live with failure. When he performed the worlds first liver transplant 25 years ago, the patient, a three-year-old boy, died on the operating table. The next four patients didnt live long enough to get out of the hospital. But more determined than discouraged, Starzl and h
45、is colleagues went back to their lab at the University of Colorado Medical School. They devised techniques to reduce the heavy bleeding during surgery, and they worked on better ways to prevent the recipients immune system from rejecting the organ an ever-present risk.But the triumphs of the transpl
46、ant surgeons have created yet another tragic problem: a severe shortage of donor organs. “As the results get better, more people go on the waiting lists and theres wider disparity between supply and need,“ says one doctor. The American Council on Transplantation estimated that on any given day 15000
47、 Americans are waiting for organs. There is no shortage of actual organs; each year about 5000 healthy people die unexpectedly in the United States, usually in accidents. The problem is that fewer than 20 percent become donors.This trend persists despite laws designed to encourage organ recycling. U
48、nder the federal Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, a person can authorize the use of his organs after death by signing a statement. Legally, the next of kin can veto these posthumous gifts, but surveys indicate that 70 to 80 percent of the public would not interfere with a family members decision. The biggest roadblock,according to some experts,is that physicians dont ask for donations, either because they fear offending grieving survivors or because they still regard some transplant procedures as experimental.When there arent enough organs to go arou
