1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 52 及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Government in Britain can be divided into national government and 1 The center of government in Britain is Parliament, which 2 for the country about crimes and punishment, taxatio
2、n, etc. Parliament is made up of the 3 , the House of Lords and the monarch. 4 are in Westminster in London and sometimes “Westminster“ itself is used to mean Parliament. The House of Commons, or the Commons, is the 5 of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called 6 or MPs, each representing
3、people in a 7 The House of Lords, or the Lords, is the 8 of the two Houses. It has 9 , none of whom is elected These members include: people who have 10 which have been passed down to them 11 ; people who are given titles as a reward for their long 12 , but whose children do not inherit their title;
4、 and some important leaders of 13 , such as Archbishops and Bishops. The government 14 to the House of Commons, which are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to 15 to be discussed. The House of Lords can 16 to a bill, but does not have the power to reject it. 17 to the Commons, MPs vote on them and
5、if 18 , they are signed by the monarch and 19 . At present England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are all governed by 20 . In Northern Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go to the House of Commons. （分数：30.00）三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：4，分数：20.00)Questions 1 to 5
6、are based on the following conversation. （分数：5.00）A.Former schoolmates.B.Colleagues.C.Boss and secretary.D.Neighbours.A.The woman“s job.B.The night life.C.The difference between rural life and urban life.D.The different personalities.A.She was born in a city.B.She doesn“t think the noise and traffic
7、 in the city matter much.C.She drives to work every day.D.She enjoys a natural way of life.A.Have a good sleep at home.B.Take up a certain form of entertainment.C.Listen to the sounds of goats or cows in the country.D.Appreciate the beauty of nature.A.Ken is rather taciturn and not sociable.B.It“s n
8、ot easy for one to make friends if living in the suburbs.C.Nicole works in the city, and she goes to and from work by commuter train.D.Ken is well aware of the changes of nature.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news. （分数：5.00）A.Blizzard.B.Airplane crash.C.Heavy rain.D.Tsunami.A.Nike has
9、the ambition to become the number one brand in soccer.B.Soccer-related business has become the focus of Nike.C.Nike is bigger than Adidas in soccer-related business.D.Competition between Nike and Adidas is getting more and more intense.A.Minimally 15.B.Over 1,000.C.More than 5,000.D.Not specified.A.
10、To prove to donors that the Global Fund to Fight AIDS is working efficiently.B.To spend enough money to fight AIDS.C.To hold a special session of the U. N. General Assembly.D.To create a global fund to fight AIDS.A.To buy a British company that operates terminals at several US ports.B.To refuse to g
11、et involved in a fire storm on Capitol Hill.C.To take over some operations at six US ports.D.To alleviate the suspicion and challenge from the US Congress.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview. （分数：5.00）A.Ways to become a better reader and writer.B.Ways to read a harder or easier h
12、ook.C.Ways to print a good book.D.Ways to read a book.A.He doesn“t have a wife.B.He has three kids to take care of.C.He has to do job at home.D.He is often on business trip.A.Mr. Mark has much more time.B.Mr. Mark has a wife to help him.C.Mr. Mark doesn“t have as much as responsibilities the intervi
13、ewee has.D.Mr. Mark is not a book lover.(4).A. By breaking down the words in the book.B. By reading the summary. C. By analyzing the title. D. By reading some reviews.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.A.The title of the book.B.The print of the letters.C.The preface of the book.D.The structure of the book.Questions 1
14、6 to 20 are based on the following talk. （分数：5.00）A.The technology to make machines quieter has been in use since the 1930“s.B.The technology to make machines quieter has accelerated industrial production.C.The technology to make machines quieter has just been in commercial use.D.The technology to m
15、ake machines quieter has been invented to remove all noises.A.The modern electronic anti-noise devices are an update version of the traditional methods.B.The modern electronic anti-noise devices share similarities with the traditional methods.C.The modern electronic anti-noise devices are as ineffic
16、ient as the traditional methods.D.The modern electronic anti-noise devices are based on an entirely new working principle.A.Streets.B.Factories.C.Aircraft.D.Cars.A.They are more affected by noise.B.They can hear talk from outside the zone.C.They can work more efficiently.D.They can be heard outside
17、the zone.A.Noise-control technology.B.Noise in factories.C.Noise-control regulations.D.Noise-related effects.四、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：4，分数：50.00)Questions 15 Farmers in the developing world would hate price fluctuations. It makes it hard to plan ahead. But most of them have little choice, they sel
18、l at the price the market sets. Farmers in Europe, the US and Japan are luckier: they receive massive government subsidies in the form of guaranteed prices or direct handout. Last month US President Bush signed a new farm bill that gives American farmers $190 billion over the next 10 years, or $ 83
19、billion more than they had been scheduled to get, and pushes US agricultural support close to crazy European levels. Bush said the step was necessary to “promote farmer independence and preserve the farm way of life for generations“. It is also designed to help the Republican Party win control of th
20、e Senate in November“s mid-term elections. Agricultural production in most poor countries accounts for up to 50% of GDP, compared to only 3% in rich countries. But most farmers in poor countries grow just enough for themselves and their families. Those who try exporting to the West find their goods
21、whacked with huge tariffs or competing against cheaper subsidized goods. In 1999 developing counties receive in aid close up to $14 just because of trade barriers imposed on the export of their manufactured goods. It“s not as if the developing world wants any favors, says Gerald Ssendawula, Uganda“s
22、 Minister of Finance. “What we want is for the rich countries to let us compete. “ Agriculture is one of the few areas in which the Third World can compete. Land and labor are cheap, and as farming methods develop, new technologies should improve output. This is no pie-in- the-sky speculation. The b
23、iggest success in Kenya“s economy over the past decade has been the boom in exports of cut flowers and vegetables to Europe. But that may all change in 2008, when Kenya will be slightly too rich to qualify for the “least-developed country“ status that allows African producers to avoid paying stiff E
24、uropean import duties on selected agricultural products. With trade barriers in place, the horticulture industry in Kenya will shrivel as quickly as a discarded rose. And while agriculture exports remain the great hope for poor countries, reducing trade barriers in other sectors also works: America“
25、s African Growth and Opportunity Act, which cuts duties on exports of everything from handicrafts to shoes, has proved a boom to Africa“s manufacturers. The lesson. the Third World can prosper if the rich world gives it a fair go. This is what makes Bush“s decision to increase farm subsidies last mo
26、nth all the more depressing. Poor countries have long suspected that the rich world urges trade liberalization only so it can wangle its way into new markets. Such suspicions caused the Seattle trade talks to break down three years ago. But last November members of the World Trade Organization, meet
27、ing in Doha, Qatar, finally agreed to a new round of talks designed to open up global trade in agriculture and textiles. Rich countries assured poor countries that their concerns were finally being addressed. Bush“s handout last month makes a lie of America“s commitment to those talks and his person
28、al devotion to free trade.（分数：12.50）(1).By comparison, farmers _ receive more government subsidies than others.（分数：2.50）A.in the developing worldB.in JapanC.in EuropeD.in America(2).In addition to the economic considerations, there is a _ motive behind Bush“s signing of the new farm bill.（分数：2.50）A.
29、partisanB.socialC.financialD.cultural(3).Kenya is cited as an example to show that _.（分数：2.50）A.poor countries“ economy will continue to prosperB.poor countries should not only rely on agricultureC.poor countries should fight to reduce trade tariffsD.poor countries should be given fair treatment(4).
30、The message the writer attempts to convey throughout the passage is that _.（分数：2.50）A.poor countries should be given equal opportunities in tradeB.the “least-developed country“ status benefits agricultural countriesC.poor countries should remove their suspicions about trade liberalizationsD.farmers
31、in poor countries should also receive the benefits of subsidies(5).The writer“s attitude towards new farm subsidies in the US is _.（分数：2.50）A.favorableB.ambiguousC.criticalD.reservedQuestions 610 If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006“s World Cup tournament, you
32、 would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon
33、 to be even more pronounced. What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses:a. certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills;b. winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina;c. soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive
34、children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania;d.none of the above. Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.“ Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would ha
35、ve more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 t
36、o 20,“ Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers. “ This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercis
37、e than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes“ the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a pr
38、ocess known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome. Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers
39、in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion, the trait we commonly call talent is
40、 highly overrated. Or, put another way, expert performerswhether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming-are nearly always made, not born.（分数：12.50）(1).The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to _.（分数：2.50）A.stress the importance of professional trainingB.spotlig
41、ht the soccer superstars in the World CupC.introduce the topic of what makes expert performanceD.explain why some soccer teams play better than others(2).The word “mania“ (Para.2) most probably means _.（分数：2.50）A.funB.crazeC.hysteriaD.excitement(3).According to Ericsson, good memory _.（分数：2.50）A.dep
42、ends on meaningful processing of informationB.results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercisesC.is determined by genetic rather than psychological factorsD.requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration(4).Ericsson and his colleagues believe that _.（分数：2.50）A.talent is a domina
43、ting factor for professional successB.biographical data provide the key to excellent performanceC.the role of talent tends to be overlookedD.high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture(5).Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey?（分数：2.50）A.“Faith will
44、 move mountains. “B.“One reaps what one sows. “C.“Practice makes perfect. “D.“Like father, like son. “Questions 1115 Eric Liu has spent most of his life climbing up the social ladder without looking back. The son of Chinese immigrants from Taiwan, he grew up learning to play down his ethnic identity
45、 in the mostly white community of Wappingers Falls, N.Y. Then he went on to amass a heap of power credentials: he graduated from Yale, at 25 he wrote speeches for President Clinton, and now he“s at Harvard Law School. In his provocative, wonderfully honest new book, The Accidental Asian , Liu, 29, f
46、inally pauses long enough to reflect on his assimilationist“s guilt, on the feeling that he“s left something behind without knowing exactly what it is. Half cultural commentary, half memoir, “Accidental“ is a remarkable accomplishmentboth a defense of assimilation and an intense recounting of person
47、al loss. Though he“s one of Asian America“s biggest stars, Liu doesn“t act or feel particularly Asian- American. He married a white womanhalf of all Asian-Americans intermarry, he points out. He says he cannot escape the feeling that the Asian-American identity is “contrived“ and “unnecessary“. “Asi
48、an-Americans are only as isolated as they want to be,“ he writes. “They do not face the levels of discrimination and hatred that demand an enclave mentality. The choice to invent and sustain a pan- Asian identity is just that: a choice, not an imperative. “ His book, which just hit stores, is alread
49、y infuriating Asian-Americans who have a fierce sense of ethnic pride. “Liu has been totally co-opted by the white mainstream,“ says Bert Wang, who works on labor issues and anti-Asian violence, and christened his rock band Superchink. “But would he be where he is today if he weren“t Asian? They love him because he“s this novelty who“s pro-assimilation.“ Jeff Yang, the founder of A. Magazine, a sort of Asian Vanity Fair, finds Liu“s view misguided and a bit naive. “Race is an obsession in our society,“ he says. “To be out of the racial equati
