1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题 2006 年 3 月及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1 LISTENING (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Spot Dictatio(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Marks Spencer has a very good reputation for job security and looking after its staff, with things like good perks, (1) , that sort of thing. Do those things actually (2) ?
2、I think it is, it is very important. When people have been working (3) , and they may have been in from seven or eight oclock in the morning, they can come off the sales floor and can go to (4) and obviously they can have tea, coffee, or (5) , and can then buy at very reduced rates (6) , if they wan
3、t one, or a roll and cheese, in a pleasant environment, (7) , food of the highest quality, therere areas where they can (8) , or play pool or something, yeah, that is very important because they need (9) . At busy times, they need to get away from it, they need to be able to relax. In terms of all t
4、he (10) weve got, that is very important, when people know that they will be having medicals, and (11) is another thing, obviously theres (12) that they will buy which they will be able to buy (13) . For Christmas bonus, we give all our general staff (14) which is guaranteed, and the (15) of that, a
5、ctually, at the busiest time of the year when theyre (16) and working hard, is fantastic and to see their faces as you (17) with 10% of their salary in it. I believe the environment that you work in, (18) that you work with, the way you are treated, (19) , and the fact that your views are listened t
6、o, and you feel you are consulted, that makes people (20) and makes them get up and come to work in the morning.（分数：30.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B Listening Com(总题数：4，分数：20.00)
7、A.A trainee nurse.B.A resident doctor.C.A researcher of AIDS.D.An advisor to nurses.A.They dont care what she does at her job.B.They have bad feelings about her job.C.They think it is a good job.D.They have no worries about the job.A.To isolate them completely.B.To watch them carefully.C.To treat th
8、em with respect.D.To provide them with nutritious food.A.Sharing bodily fluids with an AIDS patient.B.Shaking hands with an AIDS patient.C.Serving meals to an AIDS patient.D.Staying very close to an AIDS patient.A.The man is Susans advisor.B.It is not possible to get AIDS from sharing a glass of wat
9、er.C.There is a high risk of getting infected with HIV at work.D.Susans patient was angry when she wore protective clothing to bring himlunch.A.The UN Secretary-General had cancelled his trip to Europe.B.The UN Secretary-General would visit Asia at a later date.C.The UN Secretary-General would discu
10、ss the UN budget with the US.D.The UN Secretary-General had withheld the debate over the budget.A.Bulgaria and Ukraine.B.Australia and Britain.C.Italy and Japan.D.Poland and South Korea.A.18 to 20.B.30.C.34.D.Around 90.A.National elections.B.Arrest of a U. S. missionary.C.Hijacking of a civil airpla
11、ne.D.Two separate kidnappings.A.Relocating people from an earthquake-prone province.B.Constructing more posts to predict about earthquakes.C.Economizing on electricity nationally.D.Building a hydropower plant.A.A talk show.B.A case investigation.C.A soap opera.D.A report on the East End of London.A.
12、It shocks the audience.B.It is a realistic situation drama.C.It is the first programme that tells about the Cockney way of life.D.It deals with the problems other similar programmes have not done before.A.The anchorwoman of the programme.B.The star actress playing a girl in the soap opera.C.The land
13、lady of a local pub in the East End of London.D.The producer of the programme.A.Michelles brother ran away from home.B.Michelles mother had another baby.C.Michelle married the landlord of a local pub.D.Michelle got pregnant and no one knew who the father was.A.Because Michelle decided to have the ba
14、by.B.Because Michelle married a local lad she had known for a few years.C.Because Michelle revealed who was the father of her new-born child.D.Because Michelle got the strength to keep the secret for the rest of her life.A.Depressed and disappointed.B.Tired and sick.C.Sad and lonely.D.Confused and f
15、rustrated.A.Because they think people are usually very interested in sports.B.Because they are not interested in how jet lag affects businesspeople.C.Because baseball teams want to know how to win more games.D.Because it is difficult to measure how jet lag affects other types of travelers.A.All over
16、 the United States.B.The Eastern and Pacific time zones.C.The Pacific time zone only.D.The southern part of the country.A.Tiredness.B.Difficulty in thinking clearly.C.Stomachaches.D.Headaches.A.Teams are more likely to win when they play a game at home.B.Baseball teams from the West Coast win more g
17、ames when they travel east.C.The symptoms of jet lag are stronger when a person travels west.D.This study definitely proves that jet lag causes poor performance in baseball games.四、SECTION 2 READING TE(总题数：4，分数：50.00)Pupils at GCSE are to be allowed to abandon learning traditional “hard“ science, in
18、cluding the meaning of the periodic table, in favour of “soft“ science such as the benefits of genetic engineering and healthy eating. The statutory requirement for pupils to learn a science subject will be watered down under a new curriculum introduced next year. There will be no compulsion to mast
19、er the periodic tablethe basis of chemistrynor basic scientific laws that have informed the work of all the great scientists such as Newton and Einstein. The changes, which the government believes will make science more “relevant“ to the 21st century, have been attacked by scientists as a “dumbing d
20、own“ of the subject. In June the government had to announce financial incentives to tackle a shortage of science teachers. Academics have estimated that a fifth of science lessons are taught by teachers who are not adequately qualified.Most children now study for the double-award science GCSE, which
21、 embraces elements of biology, chemistry and physics. This GCSE will be scrapped and ministers have agreed that from next year all 14-years-old will be required to learn about the general benefits and risks of contemporary scientific developments, in a new science GCSE. A harder science GCSE will al
22、so be introduced as an optional course. One expert involved in devising the new system believes it will halve the number of state school pupils studying “hard“ science. Independent schools and more talented pupils in the state sector are likely to shun the new papers in favour of the GCSEs in the in
23、dividual science disciplines of physics, chemistry and biology. These will continue to require pupils to achieve an understanding of scientific principles.The new exams were devised after proposals by academics at Kings College London, who told ministers that science lessons were often “dull and bor
24、ing“ and required pupils to recall too many facts. Their report said: “Contemporary analyses of the labour market suggest that our future society will need a larger number of individuals with a broader understanding of science both for their work and to enable them to participate as citizens in a de
25、mocratic society. “However, Professor Colin Blakemore, chief executive of the Medical Research Council, warned that reducing the “hard“ science taught in schools would create problems. “I can understand the governments motives,“ he said. “There is a crisis of public confidence in science which is re
26、ducing the progress of policy on such issues as nuclear energy and stem cell research. But sixth-formers are already arriving at university without the depth of knowledge required.“ Others endorse the new approach. Results at North Chadderton upper school in Oldhamone of 80 schools piloting the new
27、“softer“ GCSE, named Twenty first Century Science have improved. Martyn Overy, the head of science, said: “The proportion getting higher grades in science went up from 60% to 75%. The course kept their interest, had more project work and was more relevant. “As part of their course, the pupils studie
28、d what kind of food they needed to keep fit and healthy. Critics say it is only marginally more demanding than following the advice of Nigella Lawson, the television chef, who promotes the benefits of eating proper meals instead of snacking from the fridge. Some science teachers are skeptical. Mo Af
29、zal, head of science at the independent Warwick school, said. “These changes will widen the gap between independent and state schools. Even the GCSE that is designed for those going on to A-level science is not as comprehensive as the test it replaces.“ John Holman, director of the National Science
30、Learning Centre at York University, who advised the government on the content of the new system, said: “The new exam is not dumbing down. The study of how science works is more of a challenge than rote learning. “SCIENCE LESSONSOut InPeriodic table_ The drugs debate_Ionic equations_ Slimming issues_
31、Structure of the atom_ Smoking and health_Boyles law_ IVF treatment_Ohms law_ Nuclear controversy_（分数：12.50）(1).The phrase “watered down“ in the sentence “The statutory requirement for pupils to learn a science subject will be watered down under a new curriculum introduced next year. “ (para. 1) can
32、 best be replaced by which of the following?（分数：2.50）A.removed completelyB.reduced much in forceC.revised greatlyD.reinforced to a certain extent(2).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：2.50）A.The government had to use financial incentives to attract more science teachers.
33、B.Some of the secondary school science teachers are not adequately qualified.C.The new science GCSE will include the benefits and risks of contemporary scientific developments.D.A harder science GCSE will also be introduced as a compulsory course.(3).What is Professor Blakemores attitude towards the
34、 new requirement of science GCSE?（分数：2.50）A.He fully appreciates the governments motives in revising GCSE science courses.B.He holds that most students entering university have mastered enough science knowledge as needed.C.He argues that reducing the requirement for “hard“ science in schools will le
35、ad to more problems.D.He thinks that lack of public confidence in science will not affect the progress of science policy.(4).The results at North Chadderton upper school piloting the new “softer“ GCSE have shown that _.（分数：2.50）A.most students have achieved average grades in scienceB.the science exa
36、mination is much easier than the previous onesC.the new course is most relevant to students daily lifeD.the new “softer“ GCSE has proved quite successful(5).When the critics cite the example of television chef Nigella Lawson in their comment, their purpose is _.（分数：2.50）A.to advise students to get r
37、id of snacking from the ridgeB.to compare that new “softer“ GCSE with the television show of cookingC.to show that the new course is not more difficult to follow than the chefs adviceD.to illustrate the significance and benefits of eating proper mealsAndrew Motion, the poet laureate, and Lord Smith,
38、 the former culture secretary, have launched a campaign to stem the flow of famous writers archives being sold to universities in America. They are leading a 15-strong group of eminent literary figures demanding tax breaks, government funding and lottery cash to help British institutions match the b
39、ids of their rich American rivals. The campaign comes amid fears that the papers of Salman Rushdie, Zadie Smith and Kazuo Ishiguro, author of The Remains of the Day, may go abroad. All three are understood to have been approached recently by agents acting for institutions in America.In recent years
40、British authors whose papers have been sold abroad include the novelists Peter Ackroyd, Julian Barnes and Malcolm Bradbury and the playwrights David Hare and Tom Stoddard. The works of JM Barrie, the writer of Peter Pan, Graham Greene, DH Lawrence and Evelyn Waugh are already held abroad. In 1997, a
41、 year before his death, Ted Hughes, the late poet laureate, sold his archive for about 500,000 to Emory University in Atlanta. While taxpayers may be happy to fund purchases of famous paintings so that they remain in the country and be put on show, it is less clear what the immediate benefit would b
42、e in paying for authors archives to be kept here.Adrian Sanders, a Liberal Democrat member of the Commons culture select committee, said public money should be spent on “more pressing“ projects. “The fact that archives such as this go abroad is, Im afraid, the reality of the world,“ he said. “We hav
43、e many artifacts in the UK that belong to other cultures. “ The campaign argues, however, that valuable research sources are being lost. Foreign institutions sometimes charge for access to the material and, as the authors retain copyright, the papers cannot be made available on the internet.“This is
44、 about our cultural heritage as well as the obvious research opportunities,“ said Motion, whose campaign group includes Michael Holroyd, the biographer and former president of the Royal Society of Literature, and Richard Ovenden, keeper of special collections at Oxford University. They are calling f
45、or the culture secretary to be given the authority to delay the export of items considered a significant part of the national heritage to enable British institutions to put together bids. The campaigners want an increase in direct grants and the removal of Vat from unbound papers, which increases th
46、e cost of purchases in this country.Smith, who was culture secretary from 1997-2001, said: “It wont cost the Treasury an arm and a legwere talking pennies, really.“ The campaigners say American universities are targeting young British writers and offering between 50,000 and 300,000 for their noteboo
47、ks, manuscripts and letters. Joan Winterkorn, a broker who negotiated the sale of the papers of Laurence Olivier and the writers Kenneth Tynan and Peter Nichols to the British Library, said the cream of British archive material will continue to be “up for grabs“ unless the tax laws are changed. “Ame
48、rican universities are increasingly creating a working relationship with younger and younger writers, so this is not something that is going to go away,“ she said.It is understood that an academic from one American institution was flown to London this month with a specific brief to “nobble“ Ishiguro at the Booker prize dinner in London. Ishiguro, 50, who was nominated for his novel Never Let Me Go and who won the Booker in 1989 for The Remains of the Day,
