1、托福-8 及答案解析(总分：99.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Listening 1(总题数：1，分数：24.00)Listen to part of a lecture in a history class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. （分数：24.00）(1).What is the talk mainly about?（分数：4.00）A.French cathedralsB.stained gl
2、assC.biblical stained glassD.the process of making stained glass(2).In the lecture, the professor lists some of the ingredients used to color glass. Indicate whether each of the following is an example which was discussed. Click in the correct box for each phrase. Yes No Cobalt blue Silver shavings
3、Magenta Copper shavings Red ochre （分数：4.00）_(3).Why does the professor mention Chartres?（分数：4.00）A.to provide an example of a Baroque-style cathedralB.to explain the purpose of its stained glass windowsC.to show that the cathedral“s Gothic style adapted nicely to stained windowsD.to provide an examp
4、le of a cathedral with original stained windows(4).According to the professor, where were stained glass windows first used?（分数：4.00）A.in FranceB.in EnglandC.in ConstantinopleD.in Western Europe(5).Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. What does the professor mean when she sa
5、ys this:（分数：4.00）A.Early stained glass did not depict Biblical scenes.B.Byzantine stained glass is an example of a later period of glass making.C.The walls were thicker in Byzantine churches and windows could not be made of complex designs.D.The Byzantine artisans were incapable of making intricate
6、scenes in windows.(6).Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. Why does the professor say this:（分数：4.00）A.to explain that the cathedral had more than religious purposesB.to indicate that the citizens of Chartres wanted to be taught by the churchesC.to help the students understa
7、nd why the windows were installed in the cathedralsD.to find out whether the students understood the characteristics of Gothic architecture三、Listening 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Listen to part of a conversation between a student and a residence halls staff person. Now get ready to answer the questions. You ma
8、y use your notes to help you answer. （分数：20.00）(1).Why does the student first begin talking with the dormitory staff person?（分数：4.00）A.to get a forwarding form for mailB.to aks the staff to forward mailC.to ask how to deal with her mail when she is awayD.to learn the address of the post office(2).Wh
9、y does the staff person suggest the student have mail forwarded?（分数：4.00）A.The mail might contain important documents.B.The mail might contain matters that need to be responded to quickly.C.The student might not get all her mail.D.Mail can get lost in the dormitory hold bins.(3).Why does the student
10、 not want to have it forwarded?（分数：4.00）A.She doesn“t want to take time to go to the post office.B.She doesn“t think there will be any important mail for her.C.She believes her parents pay the university invoices from her hometown.D.She is in a hurry to get started to go home.(4).Listen again to par
11、t of the conversation. Then answer the question. Why does the staff person say this:（分数：4.00）A.to tell the student that mail will probably not be mailed quickly or regularlyB.to imply that the student should go to the post office to forward mailC.to make sure the student realizes the dorm staff may
12、not forward mailD.to encourage the student to continue to let the mail be delivered to the dorm(5).Listen again to part of the conversation. Then answer the question. What can be inferred about the staff person“s saying?（分数：4.00）A.The staff person is strongly suggesting the student forward mail.B.Th
13、e staff person is trying to get the student to make up her mind.C.The staff person realizes the student is a freshman.D.The staff person is tired of talking to the student.四、Listening 3(总题数：1，分数：18.00)Listen to part of a talk in a science class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use you
14、r notes to help you answer. （分数：18.00）(1).What is the main idea of the lecture?（分数：3.00）A.places where mammals hibernateB.the differences between hibernating bats and bearsC.hibernating bearsD.characteristics of hibernation(2).Why does the professor mention hollows of trees?（分数：3.00）A.to explain tha
15、t bats always hibernate in treesB.to explain that bears may hibernate in tree hollowsC.to provide an example of the differences between places where bats and bears hibernateD.to provide an example where bats and bears might hibernate(3).What does the professor say about metabolic rates?（分数：3.00）A.Th
16、ey are unaffected during hibernation.B.A bear“s metabolic rate is more depressed than other mammals“ rate.C.A bear“s metabolic rate slows but its temperature drops less than other mammals“.D.He does not say anything about metabolic rates.(4).According to the professor, why do bats hang upside down t
17、o hibernate?（分数：3.00）A.to cluster in groupsB.to curl up in a ballC.to utilize the space available to them in tree hollows and cavesD.the professor does not say anything about this(5).What does the professor say about noise?（分数：3.00）A.It can cause some hibernating mammals to awaken.B.It usually does
18、not affect hibernating mammals.C.It can be bothersome to hibernating mammals.D.It can cause tremors within a cave and cause bears to awaken.(6).Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. Why does the professor say this:（分数：3.00）A.to indicate to the students that they may not have
19、 remembered the previous lectureB.to remind the students of what they studied the last classC.to suggest that the current topic was connected to the previous topicD.to provide information about this lecture五、Listening 4(总题数：1，分数：18.00)Listen to part of a lecture in a music appreciation class. Now ge
20、t ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. （分数：18.00）(1).What is the main focus of the professor“s lecture?（分数：3.00）A.Scott Joplin“s role as the King of RagtimeB.ragtime as an American form of musicC.ragtime“s popularity as a form of musicD.the development of ragtime
21、 as a popular form of music(2).What does the professor say about metered time?（分数：3.00）A.It is important in ragtime.B.It is unimportant in ragtime.C.The accents of ragtime music are between the meters.D.The melody accents the measured beats.(3).What is the evidence that ragtime reached its peak by a
22、bout 1920?（分数：3.00）A.Scott Joplin wrote most of his songs before that time.B.The classical form of ragtime had become popular by that time.C.There was little need to market that type of music after 1920.D.Rag music had developed from dance and much sheet music was written by 1920.(4).Listen again to
23、 part of the lecture. Then answer the question. What does the professor imply when she says this:（分数：3.00）A.If a country“s history is understood, then any event can be placed in context.B.It is important to remember what the musical attitudes were at a given time in history.C.The students should hav
24、e studied that time period in an earlier history class.D.The students should understand why jazz was not the first form of truly American music.(5).Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question. Why does the professor say this:（分数：3.00）A.to make the students think about the events oc
25、curring around his date of birthB.to point out the certainty surrounding his birthC.to detract from the credibility of his workD.to admit to the students the professor was not sure of the date of Joplin“s birth(6).How does the professor explain the importance of the term syncopation?（分数：3.00）A.by de
26、fining the termB.by discussing it in relation to metered time and accentC.by discussing Scott Joplin“s lifeD.by reminding the students of the importance of classical ragtime music六、Listening 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Listen to part of a discussion in a science class. Now get ready to answer the questions. Yo
27、u may use your notes to help you answer. （分数：19.98）(1).What is the discussion mainly about?（分数：3.33）A.consumers and producersB.food chainsC.food websD.carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores(2).How does the professor emphasize his point about a single food chain?（分数：3.33）A.by giving examples of a rain
28、forest food chainB.by explaining that there are usually only four or five links in a chainC.by identifying the consumers and the producersD.by comparing food chains and food webs(3).What are two important benefits of decomposers in the food chain? (Click on 2 answers)（分数：3.33）A.They eat the consumer
29、s.B.They eat decaying matter.C.They put nutrients back into the soil.D.They remove energy from the producers.(4).According to the discussion, what do you think the professor was implying? (Click on 3 answers)（分数：3.33）A.A food chain is a simple process.B.The sun provides the energy needed for the pro
30、ducers.C.A jewelry chain and a food chain are basically the same.D.A food chain may not be adequate nourishment for some animals.E.A consumer is any organism that eats another organism.(5).Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question. What does the professor mean when he says thi
31、s:（分数：3.33）A.There should only be a few links in the chain.B.Carnivores and herbivores do not retain much energy mass in their tissue.C.Consumers are not interested in passing on energy.D.Animals can obtain all the nutrients they need from one pathway.(6).Listen again to part of the discussion. Then
32、 answer the question. What can be inferred about the students?（分数：3.33）A.Neither student understands the concept of consumers.B.Female student understands the concept of consumers but male student does not.C.Male student understands the concept of consumers but female student does not.D.Both student
33、s understand the concept of consumers.托福-8 答案解析(总分：99.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Listening 1(总题数：1，分数：24.00)Listen to part of a lecture in a history class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. （分数：24.00）(1).What is the talk mainly about?（分数
34、：4.00）A.French cathedralsB.stained glass C.biblical stained glassD.the process of making stained glass解析：听力原文 History: Stained GlassProfessor: Today I want to talk about the history of stained glass and its use in churches during the Middle Ages. Stained glass was first used in the churches of Byzan
35、tine Constantinople. Of course, you know that Constantinople is now called Istanbul, but during the years it was a Byzantine city, stained glass was used in churches to make the gloomy interiors more decorative. Byzantine stained glass was simple but it was decorative. The glass was used for ornamen
36、tal purposes and was either set into plaster or stone. Eventually, the glass was shaped into portraits and kept in place with lead. The art of making stained glass spread from Constantinople to southern France in the fourth century. The French have always been noted for their glass, and the artisans
37、 making stained glass became famous, too. Once stained glass making became recognized and the artisans became famous, people in other countries such as England requested the French artisans to make stained glass to install into their abbeys. Prettiness and simplicity gave way to detailed scenes with
38、 educational value. Many stained glass windows which were made for churches began to show the lives of saints and biblical stories. Also colors were added to the glass to provide new shading and tones. The process of adding color to the stained glass windows was an involved process. Manganese, red o
39、chre, copper shavings, and blue cobalt were some of the ingredients which were added to blow glass to make a new array of colors. Once the ingredients were added, the blown glass was placed in an oven and flattened on a plate. As soon as the molten glass reached the desired temperature and thickness
40、, the glass was removed from the oven and cooled. Once the glass had cooled, the artisans cut the glass to match an outline which had been drawn Sometimes the cut glass was scratched to show detail and then the scratches were filled with enamel. The purpose of the scratching and enameling was to sho
41、w perspective but with the added dimension, the glass had to be placed into a kiln again to bake the enamel onto the glass. Once the final baking had been completed, the artisans assembled the pieces of glass into a design and soldered the pieces together with strips of lead. The final product was t
42、hen placed into the window opening of the cathedral or abbey. During the Middle Ages stained glass designs filled the tall, slender window openings of the Gothic style churches. These twelfth and thirteenth century windows were then set into the towering cathedral walls and the beautiful windows emp
43、hasized the height of the walls and the graceful arches of the period churches. French cathedrals of the Middle Ages provide wonderful examples of stained glass. The cathedral at Chartres and Notre Dame in Paris are probably the two examples most people think of when the term “stained glass“ is ment
44、ioned. Chartres Cathedral, built in the Gothic style during the Middle Ages and completed in the 1290s, is not only one of the most well-maintained cathedrals but is also one of the most well-known for its original stained glass windows. The cathedral, which has now been designated as a UNESCO World
45、 Heritage Site, has more than 170 stained glass windows, many of them in the blue tonesserved as an educational tool for the people during that time period as well as adding beauty and gracefulness to the massive structure. The windows, have been dismantled several times throughout history most rece
46、ntly during the Second World War. The Rose Windows in Notre Dame Cathedral are spectacular examples of the artisans“ skill and craftsmanship of the Middle Ages. The windows were created and installed in the 1260s and 70s. The windows in Notre Dame are immense and are some of the finest examples of g
47、lass ever produced. The windows are noted for their wonderful symmetry and have been restored in the mid 1860s. The windows depict scenes from the New Testament and are placed on the north and south walls of the cathedral. In addition to their beauty, the windows with their original stained glass ar
48、e some of the few original windows remaining in Europe. 解析 教授在刚开始就对讲座内容进行了概括：Today I want to talk about the history of stained glass and its use in churches during the Middle Ages. 即主要探讨了彩绘玻璃的历史和其在教堂的应用。B 选项是最为确切的答案。(2).In the lecture, the professor lists some of the ingredients used to color glass.
49、 Indicate whether each of the following is an example which was discussed. Click in the correct box for each phrase. Yes No Cobalt blue Silver shavings Magenta Copper shavings Red ochre （分数：4.00）_正确答案：()解析：是的 不是 蓝钴 银屑 * 洋红色染料 * 铜屑 * 红赭石 * 解析 解答本题需要在听讲座内容时捕捉关键用词。讲座中说道：Manganese, red ochre, copper shavings, and blue cobalt were some of the ingredients which were added to blow glass to make a new array of colors.
