1、托福真题 2012 年 5 月 12 日及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.What suggestions would you make to your friend who wants to open a restaurant? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Do you agree or disagree with the following stateme
2、nt: students who work harder will be successful later in life? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.A Proposal from a StudentI would like to suggest that the University of California, Riverside make swimming a required course for all present an
3、d incoming students. This advice is prompted by three reflections. To begin with, college is one of the most stressful times of life for most people. Swimming is an ideal stress-reducing activity. Older swimmers often display a significant decrease in high blood pressure. Another benefit is that swi
4、mming is perhaps the ideal exercise, giving a workout to every muscle group. Lastly, students who are relaxed and in good physical condition will increase their study efficiency.Question: The woman expresses her opinion about the proposal given by a student suggesting making swimming class a require
5、d course at the university. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.Now hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Peak-End PhenomenonIn the psychology of memory and its reliability, one of the most important phenomena is th
6、e “peak-end“ phenomenon. In simple terms, the two most important factors in how people remember an experience are its end and its peak. Namely, people tend to have the most vivid impressions about the most intense part and end segment of something they experienced. These findings suggest that memory
7、 is sometimes a poor guide in assessing the overall tenor of events. The ability to generalize tends to be overwhelmed by one or two striking moments as outlined above.Question: Using the information from the lecture, explain how the professors memory of his vacation in Alaska demonstrates the peak-
8、end phenomenon in the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discusses two possible solutions to the womans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain w
9、hy.（分数：20.00）_六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two kinds of seasonal molting that enables animals to adapt to different conditions.（分数：20.00）_托福真题 2012 年 5 月 12 日答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Question 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.What suggestions would
10、 you make to your friend who wants to open a restaurant? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I would suggest that my friend make his restaurant unique for his customers, as well as provide only quality food and dining conditions.Reason 1: First, the restaurant
11、 should offer something that customers cannot get in other restaurants in order to have a specific customer base. Perhaps, American or European food with suitable style and decor should be considered.Reason 2: Second, the restaurant should always provide quality food and atmosphere. If a restaurant
12、uses low quality it meats and vegetables, customers will always notice and they wont come again. Also, if the restaurant is poorly decorated or dirty, it will not attract guests to come in and eat.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)uniqueone-of-a-kind (b)qualitysuperior(c)customer baseclientel
13、e (d)low qualityinferior(e)attractdrawParaphrases 1. The top priority is to provide a unique dining experience for ones clientele, one based on the best food and ambience.2. If a restaurant tries to cut corners by providing substandard food, the customers cannot fail to notice and will never come a
14、second time.二、Question 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: students who work harder will be successful later in life? Please include specific details in your explanation.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Topic: I believe that hard work usually results in success later in life, a
15、nd also gives students a sense of individual pride.Reason 1: Firstly, I think the students who work the hardest in college tend to work the hardest on the job later, and these individuals are likely to be successful in the future.Reason 2: Also, working hard gives students pride. Regardless of what
16、others may say about them, the students know if they devote 100%, they will have a stronger academic record and are more likely to be hired by future employers.)解析：Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)result inyield (b)individualpersonal(c)tend togenerallyParaphrases Personal pride is one of the rew
17、ards for hard work.三、Question 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)3.A Proposal from a StudentI would like to suggest that the University of California, Riverside make swimming a required course for all present and incoming students. This advice is prompted by three reflections. To begin with, college is one of the mos
18、t stressful times of life for most people. Swimming is an ideal stress-reducing activity. Older swimmers often display a significant decrease in high blood pressure. Another benefit is that swimming is perhaps the ideal exercise, giving a workout to every muscle group. Lastly, students who are relax
19、ed and in good physical condition will increase their study efficiency.Question: The woman expresses her opinion about the proposal given by a student suggesting making swimming class a required course at the university. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.No
20、w hear a conversation between two students.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The letter urges that swimming should be a required course at the university because it is a good way to exercise and also relieves students stress.The woman strongly disagrees with the suggestionFirst, she says that most students already h
21、ave their preferred exercise and way to relax. This proposal is therefore unnecessary.Second, a required class is not relaxing. One cannot compel people to have fun. Plus, most students already know how to swim. Requiring them to take the swimming class is a waste of time. As such, the woman thinks
22、this idea is misguided.)解析：听力原文W: What nonsense!M: Is anything wrong?W: No, Im talking about this article in the university newspaper.M: What does it say?W: A student wants the school to require everyone to take swimming class.M: Swimming can be pretty useful. It can even save your life!W: Shes only
23、 talking about how swimming is a great way to relax and exercise. But most people already have their own way to relax and to exercise. Take me, I ride a bicycle to lose weight and relax. lts easy and I dont need to go to the pool, change clothes, get wet and cold.M: Me either! I like tennis.W: Besid
24、es, if you force people to learn swimming, how relaxed are they going to be? Having to go to a class takes all the fun out of swimming. Plus, anyway, most students already know how to swim. Why should they take the class at all? Theyll learn nothing, waste their time, and probably feel more stressed
25、 out.M: True, true.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)requiredmandatory (b)compelforce(c)misguidedwrong-headedParaphrases 1. Most people already have their own fitness regimen and way to relax.2. Since most students are swimmers already, a required class in the subject represents a poor use of the
26、ir time.四、Question 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.Peak-End PhenomenonIn the psychology of memory and its reliability, one of the most important phenomena is the “peak-end“ phenomenon. In simple terms, the two most important factors in how people remember an experience are its end and its peak. Namely, people te
27、nd to have the most vivid impressions about the most intense part and end segment of something they experienced. These findings suggest that memory is sometimes a poor guide in assessing the overall tenor of events. The ability to generalize tends to be overwhelmed by one or two striking moments as
28、outlined above.Question: Using the information from the lecture, explain how the professors memory of his vacation in Alaska demonstrates the peak-end phenomenon in the reading passage.Now hear a talk on the same subject.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The professor illustrates the peak-end phenomenon by giving an
29、 example from his own experience in Alaska during his vacation last year.According to the lecture, the weather was cold and rainy when the professor arrived in Alaska, so everyone stayed in the hotel for about a week. Later, he and his friends went outside and saw a whale close up during a lull in t
30、he rain. The experience was unforgettable. Also, at the end of the vacation, they had a party featuring good brandy, singing, and a cozy fire. Now, the only parts of the vacation he recalls are the whale and the party. He remembers having a great time, even though most of the hours were miserable.)解
31、析：听力原文M: Lets get started, shall we? Today we are going to talk about peak-end phenomenon which refers to peoples memory or impressions tending to center on only the peak-and- end part of events they experienced. So lets take an example, OK?Last summer, some friends and I went up to Alaska. In the S
32、outheast of that state it rains constantly! Really, two-hundred days of rain is considered normal. So we stayed inside and watched TV. But, after about a week of silent misery, we were out on the harbor in a boat one day. Of course, the rain had stopped. Suddenly, only about a hundred yards away, a
33、white whale surfaced! It was huge-like a building. And it was alive! You never ever forget a sight like that.After that we all got together in the hotel lounge, opened up some bottles of old French brandy, and sang songs around the fire place. And now, if you ask me about my Alaska vacation, I clear
34、ly remember only two things: that awesome whale and that cozy party. So I tell you I had a great time, even though we spent most of the time in our rooms watching TV and complaining because it was raining.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)stay inbe cooped up in (b)go outsideventure out(c)unforget
35、tablememorable (d)recalllook back on(e)miserabledepressingParaphrases 1. The miserable weather in Alaska confined everyone to the hotel.2. Despite the fact that most days were unpleasant, he recalls that vacation as a high point in his life.五、Question 5(总题数：1，分数：20.00)5.Question: The speaking discus
36、ses two possible solutions to the womans problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The student has just run out of a necessary color when painting a class project, which she needs to complete and submit tomo
37、rrow.Her friend offers two solutions. First, she can order the needed paint online. Or, she can drive downtown and buy the paint color.Personally speaking, I prefer the second solution.First, delivery of the online purchase will take five days. She cannot afford to wait for the paint since the proje
38、ct is due tomorrow.Although there will be a traffic jam downtown, she can still get the color to complete her project andmaybe-submit it on time. It is better to do anything rather than sit at home complaining.)解析：听力原文W: Ohhhhhh!M: Whats wrong, Lisa?W: I just ran out of the Pyrrole Red I need to fin
39、ish the painting project for my Art class.M: Whats Pyrrole Red?W: Its a color of paint.M: Sorry, I am not an artist. So why dont you get some more?W: Theres no time! This painting is due tomorrow morning.M: Let me see. You can just order more online.W: Ordering is instant. But I tried and the online
40、 store said that the transportation will take five days. Thats way too late!M: Look, you have a car. Why not drive downtown and buy a bottle?W: Theres no time! Traffic starts getting bad every afternoon after about two. Id be lucky to get home before seven. Im too busy with the painting to waste tha
41、t much time.M: But you have to do something to get the color.Alternative Wording(替换表达)Synonyms (a)run out ofuse up (b)colortint, hue, shade(c)projectassignmentParaphrases The traffic jam might be a problem; the likelihood is that she can turn in her work on time.六、Question 6(总题数：1，分数：20.00)6.Questio
42、n: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two kinds of seasonal molting that enables animals to adapt to different conditions.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(According to the lecture, there are two main reasons for animals to molt: to deal with changes in the temperature and to avoid being seen by pr
43、edators.The professor gives an example of the hare. Hares have heavy fur in winter and light fur in summer. This helps them deal with the cold and the heat respectively.Also, in winter, the hares fur turns white; in summer it turns brown. Both shades permit the animal to hide from the predators beca
44、use the color of hares fur blends in with the main colors of the seasonal environment and so predators cannot see it.)解析：听力原文W: Today, well touch on molting before opening the discussion of animal courtship. Molting, as Im sure you know, involves an animal shedding its hair or feathers. Why do they
45、do this? There are two main reasons. One has to do with the seasonal changes in temperature; the other with the environment and the animals need not be seen in order to protect them from predators. Lets look at the hare-the wild rabbit.Hares, and many mammals in temperate climates, grow a heavy coat
46、 of fur in the late autumn. This fur then keeps the animal warm throughout the cold winter. When the weather turns warm in the spring, the animal then sheds this fur for a light summer.Notice too, that the hares coat also serves to protect it from predators. In the winter, the hares fur is white. This helps prevent it from being seen when there is snow. Then in the summe
