1、职称英语理工类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-19 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.National forests make money for the government through the sale of trees for lumber.（分数：1.00）A.earnB.printC.tradeD.borrow2.Frostbitten fingers and toes should be treated with lukewarm water.（分数：1.00）A.frigidB.tepidC
2、.boilingD.steamy3.Youth hostels provide inexpensive lodging for young people throughout the United States and in other countries.（分数：1.00）A.clothesB.entertainmentC.transportationD.accommodations4.In 1845 Sarah Mather invented a submarine telescope that could be used to locate and study underwater ob
3、jects.（分数：1.00）A.illuminateB.raiseC.findD.examine5.When the United States stock market fell in 1929, many stockholders were forced to sell their shares at ludicrously low prices.（分数：1.00）A.predictablyB.relativelyC.suspiciouslyD.ridiculously6.The ship left New York on her maiden voyage.（分数：1.00）A.fir
4、stB.finalC.fastD.famous7.South Carolinas mineral resources are abundant, but not all of them can be lucratively mined.（分数：1.00）A.profitablyB.safelyC.easilyD.extensively8.Probability is the mathematical study of the likelihood of an events occurrence.（分数：1.00）A.predictabilityB.fallibilityC.desirabili
5、tyD.undeniability9.Twins do not always display a noticeable likeness.（分数：1.00）A.compatibilityB.sensitivityC.fondnessD.resemblance10.Students working toward a degree in business are likely candidates for careers in the banking industry.（分数：1.00）A.livelyB.friendlyC.promisingD.sophisticated11.For some
6、animals, locomotion is accomplished by changes in body shape.（分数：1.00）A.evolutionB.movementC.survivalD.escape12.Materials such as clay, wax, glass, and rubber are widely used in industry today because they are malleable.（分数：1.00）A.easy to manufactureB.readily availableC.pliableD.buoyant13.Georgia OK
7、eeffes best-known paintings are those in which she magnified flowers or animal skulls to fill the picture.（分数：1.00）A.enlargedB.dissectedC.duplicatedD.glorified14.The shrapnel maimed the young soldier.（分数：1.00）A.endangeredB.slantedC.crippledD.embarrassed15.The value of a particular variety of clay fo
8、r pottery is related to its mineralogical and chemical makeup.（分数：1.00）A.reactionsB.attractionC.chartsD.composition二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。B Look after Your Voice/BOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can so
9、lve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before
10、 you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel fo
11、olish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch a
12、lcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the
13、 alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating sinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter.” Take
14、 this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.（分数：7.00）(1).To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.（
15、分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wron
16、g C.C. Not mentioned(4).The writers advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.（分数：1.00）A
17、.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change ones habits.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短
18、文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。B The Conquest of Distance/B1. In 1848, pioneers who crossed the American continent in their wagons made the trip in 109 days. Today a New York family can drive by automobile to San Francisco in les
19、s than a week or make the trip in several days by train, or fly there in five hours. The transportation has conquered the vastness of the land and brought together people living thousands of kilometers apart.2. Railroads played a major role in uniting the far reaches of the continent. In 1830 there
20、were only 37 kilometers of railroad track in the United States. But by 1863, two companies proposed to connect the east and west coast by a railroad all the way across the continent. Advancing eastward from California, the Central Pacific pushed forward across the desert: the Union Pacific moved slo
21、wly westward over the mountain plateaus. Finally, in 1869, the tracks of the two railroads met, and the first transcontinental railroadthe first real link between east and westwas completed.3. Although the railroads brought towns and cities together, they could not go everywhere. In many parts of Am
22、erica, distances are so great that automobiles are necessities, not luxuries. As we have noted, most American farmers do not live in villages but are sometimes kilometers from their nearest neighbor and even hundreds of kilometers from a town. Large-scale farming is common in many parts of the Unite
23、d States today, but it did not become profitable until there were trucks and tractors. Trucks and cars go wherever there is a road and the more than six million kilometers of roads bring every field and barn into the circle of civilization.4. The family automobile has helped to bring people of the U
24、nited States two other things two things which can seldom exist at the same time: community life and the privilege of privacy. In the early days of industrialization, factory workers lived close together, within walking distance of their jobs. As industries grew, more and more working class families
25、 lived together in crowded conditions. But with the construction of longer and better roads and with the greater availability of automobiles and other means of rapid transportation, it was no longer to live dose to the factory. New residential areas, suburbs, grew up outside the big cities and, incr
26、easingly, industry and commerce concentrated in the cities. Every morning, millions of Americans dive their automobiles to work in the city, sometimes a distance of around 100 kilometers. At night they drive home to houses and apartments outside the cities, surrounded by trees and lawns.5. Automobil
27、es and other methods of rapid transportation are also changing American industry. Instead of continuing to concentrate in the big cities, industry is building factories in previously undeveloped areas. Because the means of transportation are available, it is not hard to transport people as well as m
28、aterials to the places where they are needed. This factor was largely responsible for the remarkable growth of the Pacific Coast during and after World War. As industries built new factories in the Far West, Americans from all over the country moved west to take advantage of new jobs and new opportu
29、nities.6. The airplane, too, has played a major role in uniting Americans. Only 70 years after the Wright brothers made the first successful airplane flight, the United States had move than 277,000 kilometers of regular flight routes. People and goods can now travel to every part of the country in l
30、ess time than ever before. Human beings have conquered the distances which lie between them.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _A. Automobiles promote farming.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).In the early days it took more t
31、han three months for people_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Not until trucks and tractors came into wide use_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).While family automobiles have given people greater freedom to move about, they have at the same time deprived people_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Faster than both trains and automobiles, pl
32、anes have shortened the distance between people_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB Looking to the Future2040/BDo you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room? In 2040 it will no
33、t matter. They will turn themselves offand on again when you return. You will choose the temperature for each room, the lighting and the humidity. A sensor will detect the presence of a human (and, with luck, ignore the dog!) and turn the systems on, and when the humans leave it will turn them off a
34、gain.The sensors will work through the central home computer, and they will do much more than just turn the fires and lights on and off for you. They will detect faulty electrical appliances, plugs or switches, isolate them so that they cannot harm anyone, and then warn you that they need repair. Th
35、ey will detect fire and if you are out of the house, the computer will call the fire brigade. It will also call the police should the sensors detect an intruder. This will not be difficult because the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You will open them using your personal cardthe one y
36、ou use for shoppingmaybe using a number known only to you.It will be impossible to lose the key, and a housebreaker will have to tamper (拨弄) with the lock or with a window. It is not very difficult to make such tampering send a signal to the computer.The computer will be more than a firemanpoliceman
37、servant. It will be an entertainer, and most of your entertainment will come right into your home. It does now, of course, but by 2040 “entertainment” will mean much more. For one thing, you will be able to take part actively, rather than just watching（分数：15.00）(1).The author intends to tell us that
38、（分数：3.00）A.in 2040 we will live without the lights and heatersB.In 2040 we will use much more lights and heatersC.In 2040 there will be no switches of lights and heatersD.In 2040 lights and heaters will he on and off automatically(2).Which of the following statements is NOT true?_（分数：3.00）A.The sens
39、or is multi-functional.B.Without a computer, the sensor cannot do much.C.The sensor will detect fire and make an emergency call.D.You can he taken for an intruder if you tamper with the lock or with a window.(3).According to the author, in 2040, new technology_.（分数：3.00）A.will free us from the keys
40、we use todayB.will turn everything into sensorsC.will make the locks out of dateD.will eliminate all crimes(4).Thanks to computers, in 2040 people_.（分数：3.00）A.will have no entertainment outsideB.will replace TV with computersC.will be controlled by computersD.will have more fun at home(5).The best t
41、itle for the passage might be_.（分数：3.00）A.Sensors and ComputersB.Life at Home in the Year 2040C.The Development of Science and TechnologyD.Lights and Heaters in the Year 2040B第二篇/BB Media and Current Events/BThe media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remem
42、ber experiencing the events related to the Peoples park that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it in teresting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin t
43、o see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities.Electronic media are having a greater impact on the peoples lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Televisi
44、on and telephone communications are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousn
45、ess and your contact. For example, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action” such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as
46、 they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities.In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from h
47、elicopters. This event was triggered by the verdict (裁定) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgements, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury (陪审团) was a
48、ble to acquit (宣布无罪) the policemen involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, “C
49、an we all get along?” By Saturday, television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw
