1、职称英语理工类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-23 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted.（分数：1.00）A.willinglyB.suddenlyC.firmlyD.quickly2.Hundreds of years ago cloves were used to remedy headaches.（分数：1.00）A.disruptB.diagnoseC.evaporateD.cure3.When
2、doves are about two weeks old, they are Covered with grey feathers and are ready to try their wings.（分数：1.00）A.growB.wrapC.hideD.test4.Many residents of apartment complexes object to noisy neighbors.（分数：1.00）A.managersB.occupantsC.landlordsD.caretakers5.The steadily rising cost of labor on the water
3、front has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.（分数：1.00）A.continuouslyB.quicklyC.excessivelyD.exceptionally6.Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed:（分数：1.00）A.expressiveB.physicalC.exaggeratedD.dubious7.A deadly disease has affected these animals.（分数：1.00）A
4、.contagiousB.seriousC.fatalD.worrying8.The majority of people around here are decent people.（分数：1.00）A.honestB.richC.good-lookingD.high-ranking9.The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.（分数：1.00）A.take outB.repairC.pullD.dig10.Sulphur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pur
5、e state.（分数：1.00）A.regularlyB.accidentallyC.sometimesD.successfully11.Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.storeC.utiliseD.receive12.You must shine your shoes.（分数：1.00）A.lightenB.cleanC.washD.polish13.I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my
6、time in a car.（分数：1.00）A.normallyB.seldomC.continuouslyD.usually14.Practically all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through a large repertory of soundless codes.（分数：1.00）A.SimultaneouslyB.AlmostC.AbsolutelyD.Basically15.John Hanson helped draft instructions for Marylands deleg
7、ates to the Stamp Act Congress.（分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.formulateC.reviseD.contribute二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BSmoking/BSince 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consisten
8、t and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers, in this field to be an important factor in the
9、development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe
10、in the smoke so deeply.Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what smoking tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed
11、in, all those components form deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slighfiy reduce, not elim
12、inate the hazards.（分数：7.00）(1).It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Smoking reduces ones life expectancy.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Smoking may induce lung cancer.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not me
13、ntioned(4).There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Nicotine is poisonous.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B
14、.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safe.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务；(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BIcy Microbes/B1 In ice that has
15、sealed a salty Antarctic lake for more than 2,800 years, scientists have found frozen bacteria and algae that returned to life after thawing. The research may help in the search for life on Mars, which is thought to have subsurface lakes of ice.2 A research team led by Peter Doran of the University
16、Of Illinois at Chicago drilled through more than 39 feet of ice to collect samples of bacteria and algae. When Dorans team brought them back and warmed them up a bit, they sprang back to life.3 Doran said the microbes have been age-dated at 2,800 years old, but even older microbes may live deeper in
17、 the ice sheet sealing the lake, and in the briny water below the ice. That deeper ice and the water itself will be cautiously sampled in a later expedition that will test techniques that may one day be used on Mars.4 Called Lake Vida, the 4.5-square-kilometer body is one of a series of lakes locate
18、d in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, some 2,200 kilometers due south of New Zealand. This lake has been known since the 1950s, but people ignored it because they thought it was just a big block of ice. While at the site for other research in the 1990s, Doran and his colleagues sent radar sign
19、als into the clear ice covering the lake and were surprised to find that 62 feet below there was a pool of liquid water that was about seven times more salty than seawater.5 That prompted the researchers to return in 1996 with equipment to drill a hole down to within a few feet of the water layer. A
20、t the bottom of this hole, researchers harvested specimens of . algae and bacteria.6 The researchers will return in 2004 equipped with instruments that are sterilized. They will then drill through the full 62 feet of ice and sample some of the briny water from the lake for analysis. The water specim
21、en will be cultured to see if it contains life. Specimens from the water are expected to be even older than the life forms extracted from the ice covering.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _ A Significance of Testing Techniques for Sampling Microbes in the Deep lee Sheet B Special Features of Lake Vida C Lat
22、er Expedition on Mars D 2004 Revisit Planned for Collecting Lake Water Specimens E Antarctic Frozen Life Sampled and Revived F Accidental Discovery of lee-sealed Lake Water in Antarctica（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:
23、_(5).Scientists ignored Lake Vida because they thought that a lake of ice _. A is found to be a great deal higher than that of seawater B was of little scientific value C may be older than that collected below 39 feet of ice D might have come from Mars E is to collect some briny lake water for analy
24、sis F may return to life sooner than microbes frozen in the surface ice（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Scientists expect that the life, if found in deeper water below the ice sheet, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).What the scientists will do in 2004 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The salt concentration in the liquid water of Lake
25、 Vida .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBSugar Power for Cell Phones/BUsing enzymes commonly found in living cells, a new type of fuel cell produces small amounts of electricity from sugar. If the technology is
26、able to succeed in mass production, you may some day share your sweet drinks with your cell phone.In fuel cells, chemical reactions generate electrical currents. The process usually relies on precious metals, such as platinum. In living cells, enzymes perform a similar job, breaking down sugars to o
27、btain electrons and produce energy.When researchers previously used enzymes in fuel cells, they had trouble keeping them active, says Shelley D. Minteer of St Louis University. Whereas biological cells continually produce fresh enzymes, theres no mechanism in fuel ceils to replace enzymes as they qu
28、ickly degrade.Minteer and Tamara Klotzbach, also of St Louis University, have now developed polymers that wrap around an enzyme and preserve it in a microscopic pocket. “We tailor these pockets to provide the ideal microenvironment“ for the enzyme, Minteer says. The polymers keep the enzyme active f
29、or months instead of days.In the new fuel cell, tiny polymer bags of enzyme are embedded in a membrane that coats one of the electrodes. When glucose from a sugary liquid gets into a pocket, the enzyme oxidizes it, releasing electrons and protons. The electrons cross the membrane and enter u wire th
30、rough Which they travel to the other electrode, where they react with oxygen in the atmosphere to produce water. The flow of electrons through the wire constitutes an electrical current that can generate power.So far, the new fuel cells dont produce much power, but the fact that they work at all is
31、exciting, says Paul Kenis, a chemical engineer at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. “Just getting it to work,“ Kenis says, “is a major accomplishment.“Sugar-eating fuel cells could be an efficient way to make electricity. Sugar is easy to find. And the new fuel cells that mn on it are
32、biodegradable, so the technology wouldnt hart the environment. The scientists are now trying to use different enzymes that will get more power from sugar. They predict that popular products may be using the new technology in as little as 3 years.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, when c
33、an we share our sweet drinks with our cell phones?（分数：3.00）A.When enzymes can be commonly found in living cells.B.When the technology of producing a new type of fuel cell appears.C.When the technology of a new type of fuel cell is suitable for mass production.D.When the technology of mass producing
34、cell phones appears.(2).What trouble did Minteer and Klotzbach have in their research?（分数：3.00）A.They had trouble keeping enzymes in fuel cells active.B.They had trouble keeping biological cells active.C.They had trouble producing fresh enzymes.D.They had trouble finding mechanism for producing enzy
35、mes.(3).According to Paragraph 5, electrons are released（分数：3.00）A.when bags of enzyme are embedded in the new fuel cell.B.when glucose from a sugary liquid goes through the enzyme.C.when the enzyme oxidizes the glucose from a sugary liquid that goes through a pocket.D.when the enzyme oxidizes the s
36、ugary liquid that goes through a pocket.(4).What is exciting about the new fuel cells?（分数：3.00）A.Their limitless power generation capacity is amazing.B.Their limited power generation capacity is a good beginning.C.Their limited power generation capacity is the result of great efforts.D.Their limitle
37、ss power generation capacity is a major accomplishment.(5).According to the last paragraph, what is NOT true of the new fuel cells?（分数：3.00）A.The new fuel cells run on sugar that is easy to find.B.The new fuel cells am environment friendly.C.The new fuel cells are biologically degradable.D.It will t
38、ake some time before the new fuel cells can be used in popular products.B第二篇/BBEiffel Is an Eyeful/BSome 300 meters up, near the Eiffel Towers wind-whipped summit the world comes to scribble. Japanese, Brazilians, Americans they graffiti their names, loves and politics on the cold iron - transformin
39、g the most French of monuments into symbol of a world on the move.With Paris laid out in miniature below, it seems strange that visitors would rather waste time marking their presence than admire the view. But the graffiti also raises a question: Why, nearly 114 years after it was completed, and dec
40、ades after it ceased to be the worlds tallest structure, is la Tour Eiffel still so popular?The reasons are as complex as the iron work that graces a structure some 90 stories high. But part of the answer is, no doubt, its agelessness. Regularly maintained, it should never rust away. Graffiti is reg
41、ularly painted over, but the tower lives on.“Eiffel represents Paris and Paris is France. It Is very symbolic,“ says Hugues Richard, a 31-year-old Frenchman who holds the record for cycling up to the towers second floor - 747 steps in 19 minutes and 4 seconds, without touching the floor with his fee
42、t. “Its iron lady, it inspires us,“ he says.But to what? After all, the tower doesnt have a purpose. It ceased to be the worlds tallest in 1930 when the Chrysler Building went up in New York. Yes, television and radio signals are beamed from the top, and Gustave Eiffel, a frenetic builder who died o
43、n December 27, aged 91, used its height for conducting research into weather, aerodynamics and radio communication.But in essence the tower inspires simply by being there - a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will. To the technically minded, its an engineering triumph. For lovers, it
44、s romantic.“The tower will outlast all of us, and by a long way,“ says Isabelle Esnous, whose company manages Eiffel Tower.（分数：15.00）(1).Why does the author think the Eiffel Tower is transformed into symbol of a world on the move?（分数：3.00）A.Tourists from all over the world come to the Eiffel Tower b
45、y car or by plane.B.Tourists of all nationalities come to scribble on the cold iron of the tower.C.The Eiffel Tower is the tallest building in the world.D.The Eiffel Tower represents all the towers in the world.(2).What seems strange to the author?（分数：3.00）A.Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling t
46、o enjoying the view.B.Visitors spends much time watching other people scribbling.C.Only Japanese, Brazilians and Americans like to mark their presence.D.Scribbling spread from country to country.(3).Which statement is NOT true of Hugues Richard?（分数：3.00）A.He is a cyclist.B.He is a record holder.C.He
47、 climbed 747 steps up the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds.D.He cycled up to the towers, second floor.(4).What did the builder use the Eiffel Tower for?（分数：3.00）A.Sending radio and television signals all over the world.B.Conducting research in various fields.C.Giving people inspiration.D.Demonstrat
48、ing French culture.(5).Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “(The Eiffel Tower is like) a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will“ ?（分数：3.00）A.Visitors can do whatever they want on the tower.B.Visitors can paint on the tower whatever they want.C.Visitors can imagine freely
49、what the tower represents.D.Visitors can draw on a blank canvas provided by the Tower management company.B第三篇/BBEgypt Felled by Famine/BEven ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilisation around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud dep
