1、职称英语理工类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-28 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The train came to an abrupt stop, making us wonder where we were.（分数：1.00）A.slowB.noisyC.suddenD.jumpy2.Smoking is not permitted in the office.（分数：1.00）A.probableB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed3.The chairman proposed t
2、hat we should stop the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.statedB.declaredC.suggestedD.announced4.This kind of animals are on the verge of extinction, because so many are being killed for their fur.（分数：1.00）A.drying upB.dying outC.being exportedD.being transplanted5.The number of the United States citizens who are
3、eligible to vote continues to increase.（分数：1.00）A.encouragedB.enforcedC.expectedD.entitled6.Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.（分数：1.00）A.stated firmlyB.argued light-mindedlyC.thought seriouslyD.announced regrettably7.John
4、removed his overcoat.（分数：1.00）A.took awayB.left asideC.took offD.washed off8.She has proved that she can be relied on in a crisis.（分数：1.00）A.lived onB.depended onC.lived offD.believed in9.Philip Roth was hailed as a major new author in 1960.（分数：1.00）A.publishedB.challengedC.acclaimedD.guided10.He wa
5、s one of the principal organizers of the association.（分数：1.00）A.plannersB.employeesC.actorsD.recipients11.The little boy was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts.（分数：1.00）A.very strongB.very longC.very greatD.very f
6、ast12.During the Second World War, all important resources in the U. S. were allocated by the federal government.（分数：1.00）A.nationalizedB.commandeeredC.taxedD.distributed13.I feel regret about whats happened.（分数：1.00）A.sorryB.disappointedC.shamefulD.disheartened14.The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett ar
7、e considered by many to be more authentically regional than those of Bret Harte.（分数：1.00）A.elegantlyB.genuinelyC.intentionallyD.thoroughly15.It is postulated that population trends have an effect on economic fluctuations.（分数：1.00）A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)
8、阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BEasy Learning/BStudents should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but theyve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep.By the time babies are a year old they can recognise a lot of sounds and even simple words. Marie Cheour
9、at the University of Turku in Finland suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake.To test the theory, Cheour and her colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first few days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to
10、 an hour of Finnish vowel sounds - one that sounds like “oo“, another like “ee“ and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG recordings of the infants brains before and after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish
11、 the sounds.Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. One group was exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds.When tested in
12、 the morning, and again in the evening, the babies whod heard the tricky boundary vowel all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognise this new sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundar
13、y vowel at all.Cheour doesnt know how babies accomplish this night-time learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies dont “turn off“ their cerebral cortex while they sleep. The skill probably fades in the course of the first year of life, she adds - s
14、o forget the idea that you can pick up tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give remedial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders.（分数：7.00）(1).B
15、abies can learn language even in their sleep.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).An infant can recognize a lot of vowels by the time he or she is a year old.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Finnish vowels are easy to distinguish.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C
16、. Not mentioned(4).The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnish sounds.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).The study shows that the infants cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).If an adult wants to learn a l
17、anguage faster, he can put a language tape under his pillow.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Cheours finding is worthless.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务；(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题
18、要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BThe Mir Space Station/B1 The Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the concept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firs
19、ts in space.2 During Mirs lifetime, Russia spent about US 4.2 billion to build and maintain the station.3 The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whom were not Russian.
20、 In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers
21、 by space shuttles.4 The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations.5 A debate continues
22、over Mirs contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments and carried scientific equipment, estimated to be worth 80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of h
23、eavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favouring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1
24、994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who spent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996.6 Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen genera
25、tor caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures.7 Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mirs reputation as a space station was ruined.8 Mirs setbacks are nothing, though, when
26、we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed long-term human habitation in space was possible. But its time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station bei
27、ng built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 4 _ A Undeniable Miffs Achievements B Rewards Following the US Financial Injection C Mirs Problem Year D Mir Regarded as a Complete Failure E Mirs Firsts in Scientific Experiments and Space Exploration F A Great Debt Owe
28、d to the International Space Station（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 8 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Mir enhanced the confidence in the scientists that humans living in space for a long time was _. A everything B a great success C a tremendous fa
29、ilure D nothing E many firsts F quite possible（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).In Mir, the US astronauts created _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).When we think of Mir in terms of its achievements, its setbacks are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The writer tends to think that Mir was _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)
30、下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBSnowflakes/BYouve probably heard that no two snowflakes are alike. Of course, nobody has ever confirmed that statement by examining every one of the estimated one septillion snowflakes that drift to Earth each year. Still, K
31、enneth Libbrecht, a professor at the California Institute of Technology, is confident that the statement is true.Snowflakes arent flaky, says Libbrecht. At their basic level, theyre crystalline. The lattice of every snowflake is six-sided in shape. The simplest snow crystals are six-sided flat plate
32、s and six-sided columns. Such crystals are common in places where the air is extremely cold and dry. Snow crystals acquire their special beauty when their simple six-sided symmetry blossoms. Under the right conditions, each of the six comers of a crystal sprouts what is called an arm. In a matter of
33、 minutes, the arms can become highly ornate and give the crystal a star like appearance.Several factors in the environment affect the shape and growth rate of a snow crystal. One factor is humidity. Crystals grow faster and in more intricate shape as humidity increases. A second factor is air temper
34、ature. A snowflake is born when several molecules of water vapor in a cloud land on a speck of dust and freeze to form a simple crystal. As the young crystal bops around in the cloud, it passes through air pockets of varying temperatures. If the crystal passes through a pocket of air that is, say, -
35、15 degrees Celsius, it will grow quickly and sprout six arms, says Libbrecht. If the crystal is then tossed into a warmer pocket, one about -10, the arms tips will stop growing quickly and form six-sided plates. If the crystal then drifts into an even warmer pocket of about -5, its top and bottom wi
36、ll grow more quickly than its sides and become more column like in shape.In the course of its life span, a snow-crystal might flutter through many warmer and colder pockets, acquiring a complicated and unique growth history. Such a history will give rise to a snowflake that is unlike any other. Each
37、 arm on the snowflake will look exactly like every other one, but the crystal itself will be one of a kind.Using his cooling tanks, Libbrecht has learned how to create snow crystals of different shapes - plates, columns, needles, etc. Libbrecht has even refined his techniques so that he can make cry
38、stals that look highly similar to one another. Still, he lacks the control to manufacture identical twin snowflakes. A slight difference in humidity and temperature can upset the growth profile of a crystal.（分数：15.00）(1).What does Professor Libbrecht believe to be true?（分数：3.00）A.No two snowflakes a
39、re exactly the same in shape.B.Somebody has examined all the snowflakes that fall on Earth.C.The statement that no two snowflakes axe alike is confirmed.D.None of the above.(2).What do the simplest snow crystals look like?（分数：3.00）A.They have six columns.B.They are flaky.C.They are cubic in shape.D.
40、They are six-sided.(3).What are the factors that affect the shape and growth rate of a snow crystal?（分数：3.00）A.Humidity and temperature.B.Water and falling speed.C.Air and altitude.D.Both B and .(4).It can be felt from the description in the 2nd paragraph that the author（分数：3.00）A.admires the beauty
41、 of the snowflakes.B.dislikes the changing growth history of the snowflakes.C.has a particular feeling for those flower-like crystals.D.likes to compare snowflakes to the stars in the sky.(5).Libbrecht is not able to（分数：3.00）A.create snow crystals of different shapes.B.make crystals that look simila
42、r to one another.C.create snowflakes that are exactly alike.D.refine his techniques.B第二篇/BBPowering a City? Its a Breeze./BThe graceful wooden windmills that have broken up the flat Dutch landscape for centuries - a national symbol like wooden shoes and tulips - yielded long ago to ungainly metal-po
43、le turbines.Now, windmills are breaking into a new frontier. Though still in its teething stages, the “urban turbine“ is a high-tech windmill designed to generate energy from the rooftops of busy cities. Lighter, quieter, and often more efficient than rural counterparts, they take advantage of the e
44、xtreme turbulence and rapid shifts in direction that characterize urban wind patterns.Prototypes have been successfully tested in several Dutch cities, and the city government in the Hague has recently agreed to begin a large-scale deployment in 2003. Current models cost US 8,000 to US 12,000 and ca
45、n generate between 3,000 and 7,000 kilowatt hours of electricity per year. A typical Dutch household uses 3,500 kilowatt hours per year, while in the United States, this figure jumps to around 10,000 kilowatt hours.But so far, they are being designed more for public or commercial buildings than for
46、private homes. The smallest of the current models weigh roughly 200 kilograms and can be installed on a roof in a few hours without using a crane.Germany, Finland and Denmark have also been experimenting with the technology, but the ever-practical Dutch are natural pioneers in urban wind power mainl
47、y because of the lack of space. The Netherlands, with 16 million people crowded into a country twice the size of Slovenia, is the most densely populated in Europe.Problems remain, however, for example, public safety concerns, and so strict standards should be applied to any potential manufacturers.
48、Vibrations are the main problem in skyscraper-high turbine. People dont know what it would be like to work there, in an office next to one of the big turbines. It might be too hectic.Meanwhile, projects are under way to use minimills to generate power for lifeboats, streetlights, and portable genera
49、tors. “I think the thing about wind power is that you can use it in a whole range of situations,“ said Corin Millais, of the European Wind Energy Association. “Its a very local technology, and you can use it right in your backyard. I dont think anybody wants a nuclear power plant in their backyard.“（分数：15.00
