1、职称英语理工类 C 级-49 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.I cant Uput up with/U my neighbors noise any longer, its driving me mad. A. tolerate B. generate C. reduce D. measure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Regular visits from a social worker can be of Uimmense/U value to old people living alo
2、ne. A. equal B. immediate C. moderate D. great（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.He was rather Uvague/U about the reasons why he never finished school. A. bright B. unclear C. general D. bad（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.I want to provide my boys with a Udecent/U education. A. special B. private C. general D. good（分数：1.00）A.B.
3、C.D.5.Sleep stairs can present a particular Uhazard/U to older people. A. picture B. danger C. evidence D. case（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Our arrangements were thrown into complete Uturmoil/U. A. doubt B. relief C. failure D. confusion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.He was Uweary/U of the constant battle between them. A
4、. fond B. proud C. tired D. afraid（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of Uvigorous/U exercise every day. A. energetic B. free C. physical D. regular（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I enjoyed the playit had a clever plot and very Ufunny/U dialogues. A. boring B. original C. humorous D. long（分数：1.
5、00）A.B.C.D.10.Lower taxes would Uspur/U investment and help economic growth. A. attract B. spend C. encourage D. require（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.He Udemolished/U my argument in minutes. A. supported B. disproved C. disputed D. accepted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Many cities have Urestricted/U smoking in public p
6、laces. A. limited B. allowed C. stopped D. kept（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The two banks have announced plans to Umerge/U nest year. A. combine B. sell C. close D. break（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The project required ten years of Udiligent/U research. A. hardworking B. social C. basic D. scientific（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
7、.15.He was kept in Uappalling/U conditions in prison. A. necessary B. terrible C. critical D. normal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Europas Watery under WorldEuropa, one of Jupiters 63 known moons, looks bright and icy on the surface. But appearances can be deceiving: Miles within it
8、s cracked, frigid shell, Europa probably hides giant pools of liquid water. Where scientists find liquid water, they hope to find life as well.Since we cant go diving into Europas depths just yet, scientists instead have to investigate the moons surface for clues to what lies beneath. In a new study
9、, scientists investigated one group of strange ice patterns on Europa and concluded that the formations mark the top of an underground pool that holds as much water as the U. S. Great Lakes.Pictures of Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earths moon, clearly show a tangled, icy mishmash of lines
10、and cracks known as “chaos terrains.“ These chaotic places cover more than half of Europa. For more than 10 years, scientists have wondered what causes the formations. The new study suggests that they arise from the mixing of vast underground stores of liquid water with icy material near the surface
11、.For scientists who suspect that Europa also may be hiding life beneath its icy surface, the news about the new lake is exciting.“It would be great if these lakes harbored life, “ Britney Schmidt, a planetary scientist who worked on the study, told Science News. “But even if they didnt, they say tha
12、t Europa is doing something interesting and active right now. “Schmidt, a scientist at the University of Texas at Austin, and her colleagues wanted to know how chaos terrains form. Since they couldnt rocket to Europa to see for themselves, they searched for similar formations here on Earth. They stu
13、died collapsed ice shelves in Antarctica and icy caps on volcanoes in Iceland. Those features on Earth formed when liquid water mixed with ice. The scientists now suspect something similar might be happening on Europa: that as water and ice of different temperatures mingle and shift, the surface fra
14、ctures. This would explain the jumbled ice sculptures.“Fracturing catastrophically disrupts the ice in the same way that it causes ice shelves to collapse on Earth, “ Schmidt told Science News. She and her team found that the process could be causing chaos terrains to form quickly on Europa.The new
15、study suggests that on this moon, elements such as oxygen from the surface blend with the deep bodies of water. That mixture may create an environment that supports life.（分数：7.00）(1).The liquid water of an underground pool of Europa is estimated to be equivalent to the water of the U. S. Great lakes
16、. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The strange ice patterns on Europa are formed as a result of a mixing underground water pool. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Europa is the most recently discovered one among Jupiters 63 known moons. A. Right B. Wrong C.
17、 Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The size of Europa is a bit larger than that of Earths moon. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Schmidt and her colleagues are the first group of scientists studying Europa. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The formations o
18、n Europas surface are rather unique in the universe. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The existence of liquid water is a necessity for a life-support A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Natural Gas1. Natural gas is produced from
19、reservoirs deep beneath the earths surface. It is a fossil fuel, meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago. The main component of natural gas is methane.2. The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years a
20、s pipeline infrastructure has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential, commercial and industrial customers worldwide. Today, natural gas services available in all 50 states in the U.S., and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and indu
21、stries. More than 65 million American homes use natural gas. In fact, natural gas is the most economical source for home energy needs, costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heating homes, much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide var
22、iety of products, from paint to fibers for clothing, to plastics for healthcare, computing and furnishings. Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants.3. Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available. It emits less pollution than other
23、 fossil fuel sources. When natural gas is burned, it produces mostly carbon dioxide and water vapourthe same substances emitted when humans exhale. Compared with some other fossil fuels, natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted, making natural gas the cleanest
24、 burning fossil fuel of all.4. The United States consumes about one-third of the worlds natural gas output, making it the largest gas-consuming region in the world. The U.S. Department of Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025.5.
25、 There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earths surface. The largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia, West and North Africa and the Middle East. LNG has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades. Today, the leading imports of LN
26、G are Japan, Korea, France and Spain.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _. A. Popularity and use of natural gas B. Natural gas reserves and supply C. Natural gas prices D. Clean fuel of choice E. Disadvantages of natural gas F. Natural gas consumption（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Parag
27、raph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Natural gas is stored deep _. A. over the past 50 years B. beneath the earths surface C. by more than 50 percent D. for more than four decades E. as a raw material F. for home energy needs（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Natural gas is recognized as
28、the most economical energy source _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).When manufacturing many products, people commonly use natural gas _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).It is estimated that by 2025 that natural gas demand in the United States will increase _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：1
29、5.00)How the First Stars in the Universe Came into ExistenceHow the first stars formed from this dust and gas has been a burning question for years, but a state-of-the- art computer simulation now offers the most detailed picture yet of how these first stars in the universe came into existence, rese
30、archers say.The composition of the early universe was quite different from that of today, and the physics that governed the early universe were also somewhat simpler. Dr. Naoki Yoshida and colleagues in Japan and the U.S. incorporated these conditions of the early universe, sometimes referred to as
31、the “cosmic dark ages, “ to simulate the formation of an astronomical object that would eventually shine its light into this darkness.The result is a detailed description of the formation of a protostar-the early stage of a massive primordial star of our universe, and the researchers computer simula
32、tion, which has been called a “cosmic Rosetta Stone.“ sets the bar for further investigation into the star formation process. The question of how the first stars evolved is so important because their formations and eventual explosions provided the seeds for subsequent stars to come into being.Accord
33、ing to their simulation, gravity acted on minute density variations in matter, gases, and the mysterious “dark matter“ of the universe after the Big Bang in order to form this early stage of a star-a protostar with a mass of just one percent of our sun. The simulation reveals how pre-stellar gases w
34、ould have actually evolved under the simpler physics of the early universe to form this protostar. Dr. Yoshidas simulation also shows that the protostar would likely evolve into a massive star capable of synthesizing heavy elements, not just in later generations of stars, but soon after the Big Bang
35、.“This geneal picture of star formation, and the ability to compare how stellar objects form in different time periods and regions of the universe, will eventually allow investigation into the originsof life and planets, “ said Lars Hernquist, a Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University and a coa
36、uthor of this latest report. “The abundance of elements in the universe has increased as stars have accumulated, “ he says, “and the formation and destruction of stars continues to spread these elements further across the universe. So when you think about it, all of the elements in our bodies origin
37、ally formed from nuclear reactions in the centers of stars, long ago.“Their simulation of the birth of a protostar in the early universe signifies a key step toward the ambitious goal of piecing together the formation of an entire primordial star and of predicting the mass and properties of these fi
38、rst stars of the universe. More powerful computers, more physical data, and an even larger range will be needed for further calculations and simulations, but these researchers hope to eventually extend this simulation to the point of nuclear reaction initiation-when a stellar object becomes a true s
39、tar.“Dr. Yoshida has taken the study of primordial star formation to a new level with this simulation, but it still gets us only to the halfway point towards our final goal. It is like laying the foundation of a skyscraper, “ said Volker Bromm, Assistant Professor of Astronomy at the University of T
40、exas, Austin and the author of a companion article. “We must continue our studies in this area to understand how the initially tiny protostar grows, layer by layer, to eventually form a massive star. Buthere, the physics become much more complicated and even more computational resources are needed.“
41、（分数：15.00）(1).According to the first two paragraphs, the early universe _. A. was governed by simpler physics B. got fewer stars shinning in it C. started over 13 billion years ago D. was composed in a way similar to that of today（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the state-of-the art computer simulatio
42、n tell us about? A. How the Big Bang occurred about 13 billion years ago. B. How “cosmic dark ages“ came into existence. C. How dust grains and gases were formed after the Big Bang. D. How the first stars came into being after the Big Bang.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the “astronomical object“ in
43、paragraph 2 refer to? A. cosmic dark ages. B. dust grains and gases. C. a protostar. D. the early universe.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to paragraph 4, what is NOT true about a protostar? A. It developed into a massive star during the Big Bang. B. It evolved from pre-stellar gases. C. It was able
44、to integrate heavy elements when evolving into a massive star. D. It had a mass of one percent of the sun.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the last paragraph, all of the following are goals of the simulation project EXCEPT _. A. to know more about the mass and properties of the first stars of the u
45、niverse B. to simulate the process of how the early universe began C. to apply the simulation to the study of nuclear reaction initiation D. to discover the truth about the formation of a protostar（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Students Learn Better with Touchscreen DesksObserve the critic
46、isms of nearly any major public education system in the world, and a few of the many complaints are more or less universal. Technology moves faster than the education system. Teachers must teach at the pace of the slowest student rather than the fastest. Andparticularly in the United Statesgrade sch
47、ool children as a group dont care much for, or excel at, mathematics. So its heartening to learn that a new kind of “classroom of the future“ shows promise at mitigating some of these problems, starting with that fundamental piece of classroom furniture: the desk.AUK study involving roughly 400 stud
48、ents, mostly aged 8-10 years, and a new generation of multi- touch, multi-user, computerized desktop surfaces is showing that over the last three years the technology has appreciably boosted students math skills compared to peers learning the same material via the conventional paper-and-pencil method. How? Through col
