1、职称英语理工类 C 级-50 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Mr. Henley has Uaccelerated/U his sale of shares over the past year. A. held B. expected C. offered D. increased（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Marsha Uconfessed/U that she knew nothing of computer. A. reported B. hoped C. admitted D. a
2、nswered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely Uspectacular/U. A. general B. traditional C. magnificent D. strong（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The police believe the Umotive/U for the murder was jealousy. A. choice B. idea C. decision D. reason（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.At that time, we did n
3、ot fully Ugrasp/U the significance of what had happened. A. understand B. give C. attach D. lose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.At 80, Peck was still Uvigorous/U and living in Paris. A. happy B. energetic C. alone D. busy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Anderson left the table, Uremarking/U that he had some work to do. A. dou
4、bting B. thinking C. saying D. knowing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.We need to Uextract/U the relevant financial data. A. store B. save C. obtain D. review（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Jane said that she couldnt Utolerate/U the long hours. A. stand B. spend C. take D. last（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.A young man is being Uhailed/
5、U a hero tonight after rescuing two children. A. reported B. proved C. caught D. praised（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.It is possible to Uapproach/U the problem in a different way. A. handle B. raise C. pose D. experience（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.She always Ufinds fault with/U everything. A. criticizes B. simplifies
6、 C. evaluates D. examines（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.We have to act within the existing legal Uframework/U. A. limit B. procedure C. status D. system（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The high-speed trains can have a major Uimpact/U on our lives. A. effort B. problem C. concern D. influence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The study al
7、so notes a Usteady/U decline in the number of college students taking science courses. A. relative B. continuous C. general D. sharp（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Earth Rocks onMost of the time, the ground feels solid beneath our feet. Thats comforting. But its also misleading becau
8、se theres actually a lot going on underground. Masses of land (called plates) slip, slide, and bump against each other, slowly changing the shape of continents and oceans over millions and billions of years.Scientists know that Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago. They also know that our planet
9、 was hot at first. As it cooled, its outermost layer, called the crust (地壳), eventually formed moving plates. Exactly when this shift happened, however, is an open question.Now, an international group of researchers has an answer. Theyve found new evidence suggesting that Earths crust started shifti
10、ng at least 3.8 billion years ago. The new estimate is 1.3 billion years earlier than previous ones.Not long before 3.8 billion years ago, lots of asteroids (小行星) were hitting Earth, keeping its crust in a hot, melted state. After the hard crust formed, much of it sank at various times into the plan
11、ets hot insides. There, it melted before returning to the surface.In some places, however, the crust never sank. One of the oldest such places is in Greenland, in an area called the lsua supracrustal (上地壳) belt. The rocky crust there is between 3.7 and 3.8 billion years old. The belt was once part o
12、f the seafloor, but now it is exposed to air.The researchers recently took a close look at the lsua supracrustal belt. They noticed long, parallel cracks in the rock that have been filled in with a type of volcanic rock.To explain this structure, the scientists propose that tension in the crust caus
13、ed the seafloor to crack open long ago. Hot, liquid rock, called magma (岩浆), flowed up slowly from deep inside Earth to fill the cracks. Finally, the whole area cooled, forming what we see today.That explanation, plus chemical clues inside the rock, suggests that the lsua supracrustal belt was once
14、part of a plate under the ocean, beginning around 3.8 billion years ago.（分数：7.00）(1).The ground beneath our feet is indeed still. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The shape of lands and oceans are slowly changed with the movements of plates. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分
15、数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Earth cooled down shortly after it was formed. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Scientists once estimated that Earths crust started shifting three billion years ago. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It took a long time for the melted cru
16、st to become hard. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The formation of the lsua supracrustal belt is thought to have started about 3.8 billion years ago. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The lsua supracrustal belt is now a popular holiday resort. A. Right B.
17、 Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Black Holes1. Black holes can be best described as a sort of vacuum, sucking up everything in space. Scientists have discovered that black holes come from an explosion of huge stars. Stars that are near death can no longer bur
18、n due to loss of fuel, and because its temperature can no longer control the gravitational (重力的) force, hydrogen ends up putting pressure onto the stars surface until it suddenly explodes then collapses.2. Black holes come from stars that are made of hydrogen, other gases and a few metals. When thes
19、e explode it can turn into a stellar-mass (恒星质量) black hole, which can only occur if the star is large enough ( should be bigger than the sun ) for the explosion to break it into pieces, and the gravity starts to compact every piece into the tiniest particle. Try to see and compare: if a star thats
20、ten times the size of the sun end up being a black hole thats no longer than 70 kilometers, then the Earth would become black hole thats only a fraction of an inch!3. Objects that get sucked in a black hole will always remain there, never to break free. But remember that black holes can only gobble
21、up (吞噬) objects within a specific distance to it. Its possible for a large star near the sun to become a black hole, but the sun will continue to stay in place. Orbits (轨道) do not change because the newly formed black hole contains exactly the same amount of mass as when it was a star, only this its
22、 mass is totally contracted that it can end up as no bigger than a state.4. So far, astronomers have figured out that black holes exist because of Albert Einsteins theory of relativity. In the end, through numerous studies, they have discovered that black holes truly exist. Since black holes trap li
23、ght and do not give off light, it is not possible to detect black holes via a telescope. But astronomers continue to explore galaxies (银河系), space and the solar system to understand how black holes. It is possible that black holes can exist for millions of years, and later contribute further process
24、 in galaxies, which can eventually lead to creation of new entities. Scientists also credit black holes as helpful in learning how galaxies began to form.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _? A. What are black holes made of B. Is there proof that black holes really exist C. How were black holes named D. How a
25、re black holes formed E. What are different types of black holes F. What happens to the objects around a black hole（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Black holes are formed after _. A. a fraction of an inch B. the
26、 creation of new entities C. the same amount of mass D. the tiniest particle E. an explosion of huge stars F. the existence of black holes（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).When a large star explodes, the gravity compacts ever piece into _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).A newly formed black hole and the star it comes from ar
27、e of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Albert Einsteins theory of relativity helps to prove _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Gross National HappinessIn the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted thes
28、e changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist (佛教) culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not kn
29、ow much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modem, but without losing its traditions.King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross National Produ
30、ct (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his countrys progress by peoples happiness. If the peoples happiness increased, the king could sa
31、y that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH).GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, pro
32、tected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed
33、. Tweenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although
34、the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are
35、now interested in Bhutans GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.Brazil may be the next country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a sour
36、ce of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.（分数：15.00）(1).Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck? A. A king. B. A president. C. A Buddhist priest. D. A general.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Ap
37、art from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan? A. To make its population grow. B. To keep its traditions and customs. C. To keep it separate from the world. D. To encourage its people to get rich.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A country shows its progress with GNP by. A. spending
38、more money B. spending less money C. providing more jobs D. selling more products（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to GNH, people are happier if they. A. have new technology B. can change their religion C. have a good,stable government D. have more money（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Today many countries are _.
39、A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Some People Do Not Taste
40、 Salt Like OthersLow-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat.Those conclusions
41、 are important because recent, well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, assistant professor of food science, who was lead investigator on the stu
42、dy.Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and cons
43、umption.The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who we
44、re not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.“Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both beca
45、use they like the taste of saltiness more, and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food,“ said Hayes. “Supertasters, people who experience tastes more tensely, consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these f
46、oods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more. “However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. “For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented, milk, but also bitter tastes fro
47、m ripening that are blocked by salt,“ he said. “A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced“.Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste
48、 certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color.“Some people, called supertasters, describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter, while others, called nontasters, find these same bitter compounds to be taste
