1、职称英语理工类 C级真题 2011年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. hard B. good C. short D. long（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. reported B. admitted C. hoped D. answered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.My doctor said I s
2、hould vary my diet more. A. prepare B. cook C. change D. choose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference. A. investigated B. offered C. included D. accepted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation. A. tested B. suggested
3、C. used D. announced（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Things have changed a lot since I was a child. A. gradually B. suddenly C. greatly D. frequently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.They converted the spare bedroom into an office. A. reduced B. turned C. moved D. reformed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The book took ten years of thorough r
4、esearch. A. basic B. social C. major D. careful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.She can be relied on in a crisis. A. depended on B. looked after C. believed in D. turned on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effort B. problem C. influence D. concern（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1
5、1.His long-term goal is to set up his own business. A. idea B. energy C. order D. aim（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. washed C. polished D. mended（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The love of money is the root of all evil. A. result B. end C. force D. cause（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14
6、.The test produced disappointing results. A. indirect B. similar C. positive D. unsatisfactory（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London. A. Certainly B. Finally C. Luckily D. Naturally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingTheres no doubt:
7、In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures o
8、f lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer-by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some, places, lakes have been wa
9、rming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small-you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae(水藻), and algae can make the lake pois
10、onous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warmi
11、ng. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.Thats going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scientists arent the only ones concerned, Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be af
12、fected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse(温室) gases we put into the air.Thats why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the co
13、nvention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.（分数：7.00）(1).Scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2)
14、.The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asi（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned(4).A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.W
15、rongC.Not mentioned(5).Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Global warming is less threatening to small countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).UNFCCCs annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.（分数：1.0
16、0）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Where do hurricanes usually happen? B. What damages can a hurricane cause? C. What should you do during a hurricane? D. What is a hurricane? E. What are different names of hurricanes? F. How do you know a hurricane is coming?（分数：4.00
17、）(1).Paragraph 1 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. different labels B. windows and glass doors C. inland flooding D. early warning E. natural disaster F. a constant speed（分数：4.00）(1).Depending on where they occur,
18、hurricanes have 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).A powerful hurricane may become the most destructive 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).When a hurricane arrives, fishermen are in great danger if they are at sea and do not get 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).During a hurricane one should stay away from 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解
19、(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Heres a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bh
20、atkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California.
21、 Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental (租赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as cooks assistant. His job was to clean the kitch
22、en and help the cook. “I didnt like it, “ Mr. Kazi says, “but I always did the best I could. “One day, Mr. Kazis two co-workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant. A few months later, the owne
23、rs needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed
24、money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a. m. to 10 p. m. , seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customer
25、s. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleane
26、d them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isnt planning to stop there. Hes looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy. “I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find its a
27、mess, “ Mr. Kazi says. “The only way it can go is up. /（分数：15.00）(1).When Mr. Kazi was young, his dream was to（分数：3.00）A.be an airplane pilot.B.sell cars.C.own a restaurant.D.become a good cook.(2).Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC to（分数：3.00）A.learn how to cook.B.save money for a car.C.save money o
28、n food.D.learn how to run a restaurant.(3).Mr. Kazi became, the manager of a new restaurant because（分数：3.00）A.he worked very hard.B.his co-workers praised him.C.he was a good cook.D.he knew how to run a restaurant.(4).To save a failing restaurant. Mr. Kazi did all the following things, EXCEPT to（分数：
29、3.00）A.advertize for it.B.clean it up.C.improve the food.D.retrain the employees.(5).In the last paragraph, “its a mess“ means（分数：3.00）A.its small.B.its profitable.C.its dirty.D.its cheap.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)第二篇 The Book of LifeSo far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species (物种), an
30、d thats just a small part of what probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other creatures covering the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by.A soon-to-be-launched Web site might help. An international tea
31、m of researchers has announced the creation of a Web-based Encyclopedia (百科全书) of Life (EoL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy-to-use reference guide.To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases (数据库) that already ex
32、ist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, non-scientists with specialized (专门的) knowledge will get to join in. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input which birds theyve seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only recently become available.As the EoL develops,
33、 you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choo
34、se to leave out pages that havent been reviewed.Another convenient feature of the EoL is that youll be able to pick the level of detail you see to match your interests, age, and current knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the “novice“
35、setting to get basic information about the animals. On the “expert“ setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature, and exploration of bears.It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. Th
36、e creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed that process.（分数：15.00）(1).“Spider“ and “bird“ mentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate（分数：3.00）A.animals are peoples friends.B.there are numerous living species on Earth.C.it is easy to see spiders and birds.D.the
37、re are many types of spiders and birds.(2).The goal of the creation of the EoL is to（分数：3.00）A.collect enough data to analyze the living species on Earth.B.enlarge an existing website of the living species on Earth.C.work out an easy-to-use catalog of every living species on Earth.D.add new informat
38、ion to the existing databases of the living species on Eart(3).At the starting stage the EoL will get information from（分数：3.00）A.all the Web sites available.B.the existing scientific databases.C.databases built up by its creators.D.non-scientists with specialized knowledg(4).The word “novice“ in par
39、agraph 5 could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.scientist.B.beginner.C.creator.D.expert.(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：3.00）A.The EoL will be beneficial to school kids with its development.B.Scientists have cataloged only a small part of the living species on Earth.C.People with
40、different interests and knowledge will in a way find the EoL useful.D.Scientists will review every piece of the information added to the EoL.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Weaving with LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors d
41、id-Without electricity. Thats because its too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. And without electricity-at home or o
42、n the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever theyre doing.Now, a team of scientists, designers, and architects is using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists technique involves weaving tiny electronic
43、 crystals intofabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, or other items.By collecting the suns energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics “Portable (轻便的) Lights. “ Portable Lights have the potential to transform the
44、lives of people without electricity around the world.At the core of Portable Lights technology are devices called high-brightness light-emitting diodes (高亮度发光二极管), or HB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions, and streetlights.LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs
45、 (灯泡). Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights (白炽灯). Inside, electricity heats a metal coil (线圈) to about 2, 200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give off light we can see. Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat-and invisi
46、ble. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken.LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules (分子) that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike
47、 incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what color is produced.（分数：15.00）(1).The Huichol dont use electricity because（分数：3.00）A.it is too difficult for them to change their lifestyles.B.they know
48、nothing about it.C.it costs too much to string power lines.D.they dont need it.(2).To make a living, the Huichol create artwork and（分数：3.00）A.sell it to tourists in their villages.B.sell it in cities far away from their villages.C.display it in their village museums.D.keep it in their homes to attra
49、ct tourists.(3).The central part of the Portable Lights technology is（分数：3.00）A.glass bulbs.B.digital clocks.C.incandescent lights.D.HB LEDs.(4).All of the following are disadvantages of incandescent lights EXCEPT that（分数：3.00）A.they are not bright enough.B.they burn out quickly.C.they are easily broken.D.they waste most of the energy produce(5).LEDs are d
