1、职称英语卫生类 C级-10 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Have you talked to her lately?（分数：1.00）A.lastlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2.It seems highly unlikely that she will pass the exam.（分数：1.00）A.veryB.completelyC.usuallyD.mostly3.While we dont agree, we continue to be friends.（分
2、数：1.00）A.WhoeverB.WhereC.AlthoughD.Whatever4.In order to survive man needs to consume food and water.（分数：1.00）A.workB.playC.liveD.walk5.The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.（分数：1.00）A.sufferB.acceptC.receiveD.endure6.About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin ca
3、ncer.（分数：1.00）A.every yearB.severelyC.activelyD.every month7.Michael is now merely a good friend.（分数：1.00）A.largelyB.possiblyC.justD.rarely8.The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.（分数：1.00）A.secretsB.detailsC.benefitsD.words9.Enormous sums of money have been spent on space expl
4、oration.（分数：1.00）A.MuchB.LargeC.SmallD.Fixed10.A research center has been set up in this country.（分数：1.00）A.praisedB.establishedC.reformedD.criticized11.We are certain that he will get over his illness.（分数：1.00）A.sureB.happyC.surprisedD.excited12.The researchers have just completed a study of drivin
5、g situations.（分数：1.00）A.startedB.finishedC.changedD.made13.Their parents once lived under very severe conditions.（分数：1.00）A.soundB.hardC.strictD.tight14.A small number of firms have stopped trading.（分数：1.00）A.hotelsB.shopsC.restaurantsD.companies15.If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air
6、 is often the cause.（分数：1.00）A.deliverB.fallC.happenD.arrive二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BStep Back in Time/BDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45. But now, she
7、 can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need. We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do t
8、o get better again. And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we dont slip back into bad habits, lets have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.Families had between 15 and 20 children, although many babies didnt live long. Chi
9、ldren suffered from lots of diseases, especially rickets (佝偻病) and scurvy (坏血病), which are both caused by bad diets. This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing
10、up, bending over a piece of string, because there was no room for them to lie down.People didnt have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills (窗台板), blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to
11、earn money for their parents. If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks (火柴杆) (a job done by many children) or working with your dad by now.（分数：7.00）(1).On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).People now en
12、joy longer lives for unknown reasons.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).A hundred years ago many kids died at an early age.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mention
13、ed(5).People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.A. R
14、ight B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 14 段每段选择 1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BEnglish and English Community/B1. There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today mak
15、e up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese.2. A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood (街坊), a village, or a city
16、. More often they form a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live.3. We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the
17、 English speech community. For convenience (方便), we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education, commerce, and so on.4. Learning a second langu
18、age extends ones vision and expands the mind. The history and literature of a second language record the real and fictional (虚构的) lives of people and their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel. Learning English as a second language provides another
19、means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Overall there are more speakers of Ch
20、inese than of _.A. a second language（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The boundaries of a speech community may be different from _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).People who live in different places may belong to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Many people learn English as _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文
21、后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBU.S. Blacks Hard-hit by Cancer/BDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans, but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites, the American Cancer Society said Monday.In a special report on cancer and blacks, the
22、 organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease.This could be because of unequal (不平等的) access to medical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well, and perhaps because of differences in the biolo
23、gy (生物学) of the cancer itself, the report added.“In general, black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis,“ the report said.“In describing cancer statistics for black Americans, this report recognizes that many of
24、 the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care.“The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups (体格检查) earlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more research is needed to see if biologic
25、al differences play a role.“The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social differences through public policy and education efforts,“ the organization said in a statement.But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates.“Cancer death rates in both sexes for all
26、 sites Combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992, as have incidence rates (发生率),“ said the report.（分数：15.00）(1).Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than（分数：3.00）A.people in other countries.B.white Americans.C.all other Americans.D.their ancestors.(2).Which may NOT b
27、e a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?（分数：3.00）A.Unequal access to medical care.B.Greater probability of having other diseases.C.Differences in the biology of the cancer.D.Early diagnosis.(3).Cancer is more treatable if it is detected（分数：3.00）A.in an early stage.B.in a late stage.
28、C.all of a sudden.D.together with other diseases.(4).Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with（分数：3.00）A.death rates.B.various cancers.C.unfair social differences.D.biological differences.(5).Since 1992, cancer death rates among black Americans（分数：3.00）A.have been going up and dow
29、n.B.have remained stable.C.have increased.D.have fallen.B第二篇/BBA Desert Between Paul and Clara/BPaul had long promised to marry Clara. But at thirty-three he met and married Alice. Clara was driven mad.Paul was taken to court. The judge ordered him to pay Clara $600 because of the broken promise. Pa
30、ul had to borrow the money from a moneylender. He agreed to pay back $5 a month-for twenty years. His wages at the time were $16 a month.Paul and Alice were poor but not unhappy. They had little enough food, certainly, even before the children began to arrive. Each month Paul paid $5 to the moneylen
31、der. He worked hard, never taking a holiday. In time, there were seven mouths to feed.Illness was always with them. It grew serious when the oldest child was eight. The years of hunger weakened the family, because each month Paul paid $5. The details of the sickness were ugly, but the result was thi
32、s: after twelve years of family life, Paul was alone in the world.He lived alone, except for memories. Work was not now a god for him: it was a pain-killer. Each month he paid, and in time the twenty years ended. From that moment his wages were his own.One day, it was a holiday-he went to the seasid
33、e. He sat down on a seat by the sea. A middle-aged woman came and sat down near him. They recognized each other at once.The woman said, “The $600 has been in the bank since the day it was paid to me. It is now $6,000, and I have kept it for you. Will you let me share it with you?“No,“ said Paul, gen
34、tly. “Each thousand is a lost life in a desert between us. It can never bring any happiness.“（分数：15.00）(1).Paul was ordered to pay Clara $600 because（分数：3.00）A.he had borrowed $600 from her.B.he had broken his word to marry her.C.he had promised to give her $600.D.he had spent a lot of her money.(2)
35、.How many children did Paul and Alice have?（分数：3.00）A.Two.B.Four.C.Five.D.Eight.(3).Twelve years after his marriage, Paul was（分数：3.00）A.poor but not sad.B.very sick.C.free from debt.D.lonely and unhappy.(4).After his wife and children died, Paul turned to his work to（分数：3.00）A.ease his pain.B.forget
36、 his debt.C.get pleasure.D.seek friendship.(5).When Paul met Clara again 20 years later, he decided（分数：3.00）A.to share the $600 with her.B.not to marry her.C.to ask back the $600.D.not to refuse her offer.B第三篇/BBFlorence Nightingale/BFlorence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, while her wealth
37、y English parents were traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages.When Nightingale was 17, she told her family that she was going to help sick people. Her parents did not approve, but Nightingale was determined.She traveled
38、 to hospitals all Over Europe. She saw that doctors were working too hard. She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care. Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more, they needed speci
39、al training in how to take care of sick people. Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness. These women cared for sick people in their homes.In 1854, England was fighting a war with
40、 Russia. War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded. People demanded that something be done about it. A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals. So, in November 1854, Nightingale finally got to
41、work in a hospital.She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.At first, the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals. They did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make a difference. They worked around the clock, tend
42、ing the sick. Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers survived.After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes. Finally, in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for Nurses. In time, thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an important part of medicine.（分数：15.00
43、）(1).Florence Nightingale was born into a rich（分数：3.00）A.Italian family.B.Russian family.C.English family.D.German family.(2).Nightingales parents did not approve of her decision（分数：3.00）A.to work as a doctor.B.to care for sick people.C.to fight in the war with Russia.D.to travel to hospitals all ov
44、er Europe.(3).It was not until the war with Russia that Nightingale（分数：3.00）A.got to work in a hospital.B.began to study nursing.C.started to care for sick people in their homes.D.became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness.(4).On the battlefields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be（分数：3.00）A.
45、as bad as the doctors had expected.B.quite generous.C.less than useful.D.very helpful.(5).Nightingale played a great role in（分数：3.00）A.the building of war hospitals.B.the education of women.C.the development of nursing.D.the improvement of working conditions for women.五、B第 5部分：补全对话/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)
46、阅读下面的短文，文章中有 5处空白，文章后面有 6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5 组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。BPain/BAll of us have felt pain. We have cut ourselves. We have been burned. Or we have had headaches. Some of us suffer pain rarely.U (46) /UPain can take complete control of our body and mind, making it impossible to move and even
47、to think. Yet we need pain. Without it, we would not know if we have hurt ourselves. It is our bodys warning system.U (47) /UPain is the most common reason we go to a doctor. It is the most common reason we take medicines. Until recently, however, most doctors knew of only a few drugs that stopped s
48、ome pains.U (48) /UBut new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better.Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals.U (49) /UScientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.The first message is the warning signal. It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second. In less than a second, the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and how badly it is injured.U (50) /UIt tells us not
