1、职称英语综合类 A 级-38 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He cannot discriminate between a good idea and a bad one.Ajudge BassessCdistinguish Drecognize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Usually, in an attack of influenza, the patients limbs ache.Ahurt Bsoften Cget numb Dget hot（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.In
2、 the process，the light energy converts to heat energy Areduces Bchanges C1eaves Ddrops（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The scientists began to accumulate data.A. collect B. handleC. analyze D. investigate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Cancellation of the flight pressed many passengers to spend the night at the airport.A. res
3、ult B. obligedC. demanded D. recommended（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A. reduced B. moved C. reformed D. turned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Everybody was glad ad to see Mary back.A. sorry B. sadC. angry D. happy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Universities usually give diplomas or certi
4、ficates to students who complete course requirements adequately.A. responsibly B. sufficientlyC. patiently D successfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.We all think that the new device he has proposed is ingenious.A. effective B. cleverC. implausible D. original（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.During the past ten years ther
5、e have been dramatic changes in the international situation.A. permanent B. powerfulC. striking D. practical（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.These are our motives for doing it.A. reasons B. arguments C. targets D. stimuli（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected f
6、armers from damaging drops in grain prices.Aslight BsurprisingCsudden Dharmful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He was said to have been removed from the position of manager for a recent conflict with an important customer.A. dismissed B. released C. picked D. exposed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The plane was fatally crip
7、pled when the rear cargo door was pulled off in flight.Ajammed Bopened Ctorn away Dcrumpled up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.They agreed to modify their policy.A. clarify B. changeC. define D. develop（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The difference between men and women shoppersShopping for clothes
8、is not the same experience for a man as it is for woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask
9、the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly and chat and to everyones satisfaction.For a man, slight
10、problems many begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something elsehe offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly;
11、 he does so with skill and polish: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens to be the colour you mentioned. “Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right colour and may be the right size, but I s
12、hould be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.“Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She had never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round“. She is alway
13、s open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excelle
14、nt sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a labor
15、ious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provides chairs for the waiting husbands.（分数：7.00）(1).When a man is buying clothes he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Women shoppers for clothes welcome sugg
16、estions from anyone.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Women often buy things without giving the matter proper thought.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).A man usually
17、does not buy anything when he cannot get exactly what he want.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).The most obvious difference between men and women shoppers lies in that women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).The things w
18、omen buy are often paid by their husbands.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The FridgeThe fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: “store in the refrigerator.“In my fridgeless Fi
19、fties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted and we were never
20、troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast variety of well-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling, drying
21、 smoking, slating, sugaring, bottling.What refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the worlds fridges are to be found, not in the tropics wher
22、e they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of f-ridges hum away continuously, and at vast expanse, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house-while outs
23、ide, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you dont believe me, try it yourself. Invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss
24、 the hamburgers but at least youll get ride of that terrible hum.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2_.A. The invention of the fridge.B. The pollution caused by fridges.C. The widespread need for fridges.D. The days without the fridge.E. The waste of energy caused by fridges.F. The fridges contribution to comme
25、rce.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Before fridges came into use, it was still possible for people to have fresh foods because_A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. were deliveredB. it has promoted the sales of many kin
26、ds of commoditiesC. foods can be preservedD. most kids like iced soft drinksE. every housewife needs foodF the fridge produced when it is working（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The invention of the fridge has not provided a new, economical way in which_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).An important contribution made by the i
27、nvention of the fridge is that_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).If you stop using the fridge, at least you wont be troubled by the noise_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)What Makes a Soccer Player Great?Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have only
28、 been few players who were truly great. How did these players get that waywas it through training and practice, or are great players born, not made“? First, these players came from places that have had famous stars in the past-players that a young boy can look up to and try to imitate(效仿). In the hi
29、story of soccer, only six countries have ever won the World Cupthree from South America and three from Western Europe. There has never been a great national teamor a really great playerfrom North America or from Asia. Second, these players have all had years of practice in the game. Alfredo Di Stefa
30、no was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele. Most players begin playing the game at game at the age of three or four.Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighbourhood(聚居区)a poor, crowded area where a boys dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer, or businessman, but to become a rich
31、 famous athlete or entertainer. For example, Liverpool which produced the Beatles(甲壳虫乐队)，had one of the best English soccer teams in recent years. Pele practiced in the street with a “ball“ made of rags(破布). And George Best learned the tricks that made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in
32、the slums(贫民窟)of Belfast.All great players have a lot in common, but that doesnt explain why they are great. Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele. The greatest players are born with some unique quality that sets them apart from all the others.（分数：15.00）(1).Acc
33、ording to the author, which of the following statements is true?A. Great soccer players are born, not made.B. Truly great players are rare.C. Only six countries have ever had famous soccer stars.D. Soccer is the least popular sport in North America and Asia（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “tricks“ at t
34、he end of Paragraph 2. is closest in meaning toA. “experience“B. “cheating“C. “skills“D. “training/（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Pele is cited as an example in the second paragraph to illustrate thatA. famous soccer players live in slum areas B. people in poor areas are born with some unique qualityC. childr
35、en in poor areas start playing football at the age of 3 or 4D. many great soccer players come from poor areas（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In the last paragraph the statement “only one became Pele“ indicates thatA. Pele is the greatest soccer playerB. the greatest players are born with some unique qualityC.
36、Peles birthplace sets him apart from all the other playersD. the greatest players practice with “balls“ made of rags（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author attributes a soccer players success to all the following factors EXCEPTA. his family backgroundB. his neighbourhood.C. his practice.D. his height（分数：3.0
37、0）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Only Way Is UpThink of a modem city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities dont permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned
38、with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.When people gather together in cities, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of ci
39、ty land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards.The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important factor. They had to be small enough for people on th
40、e top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home.Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought us the lift - or elevator, as he preferred to call it. However, most of the technology is very old. Lifts work using the sam
41、e pulley system the Egyptians used to create the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to gain public confidence in the new invention, In fact
42、 he spent a number of years exhibiting lifts at fairgrounds, giving people the chance to try them out before selling the idea to architects and builders.A lift would not be a very good theme park attraction now. Going in a lift is such an everyday thing that it would just be boring. Yet psychologis
43、ts and others who study human behavior fund lifts fascinating. The reason is simple. Scientists have always studied animals in zoos. The nearest they can get to that with humans is in observing them in lifts.“It breaks all the usual conventions about the bubble of personal space we carry around with
44、 us and you just cant choose to move away,“ says workplace psychologist, Gary Fitzgibbon. Being trapped in this setting can create different types of tensions, he says. Some people are scared of them. Others use them as an opportunity to get close to the boss. Some stand close to the door. Others hi
45、de in the corners. Most people try and shrink into the background. But some behave in a way that makes others notice them. There are a few people who just stand in a corner taking notes,Dont worry about them. They are probably from a university.（分数：15.00）(1).The difficulty in constructing tall build
46、ings in the 19th century lies inA. the shortage of money.B. the lack of a device to carry people upward.C. backward technology.D. mountains taking up land space.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).When Otis came up with the idea of a lift,A. he sold it to the architects and builders immediately.B. the Egyptians us
47、ed it to build the Pyramids.C. it was accepted favorably by the public.D. most people had doubt about its safety.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following best describes the experience of going in a lift now?A. Fascinating.B. Uninteresting.C. Frightening.D. Exciting.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Psychologi
48、sts find the lift a good place where they can study human behaviour becauseA. here humans behave the way animals do.B. people in a lift are all scared.C. here some people take notes.D. in a lift the bubble of personal space breaks.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).“.these are cities concerned with the past“ in t
49、he first paragraph refer to cities thatA. are worded about their past.B. have a glorious past to be proud of.C. want to maintain their traditional image.D. are very interested in their own history.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Up in SmokeI began to smoke when I was in high school. In fact, I remember the evening I was at a girlfriends house, and we were watching
