1、职称英语综合类 B 级-31 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Because of gambling, his debt has amounted to 20,000 dollars. A. reached B. lost C. arrived D. rose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Do you have any pen friends? A. children B. pals C. writers D. students（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.He is in a rather
2、difficult situation at present. A. location B. position C. preparation D. station（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.There was a rapid increase in population in the last century. A. slow B. high C. shocking D. quick（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The boy ahead of me is my classmate. A. at the back of B. behind C. in front of D.
3、in the front of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.On behalf of everyone in this party, I wish you a very happy birthday. A. Presenting B. Assisting C. Representing D. Cheating（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Even though his parents wanted him to become a doctor, Peter, chose his vocation as a writer. A. vacation B. profession C.
4、 work D. variety（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Human beings cannot exist without air. A. live B. breathe C. exercise D. grow（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.It is said that Joe comes from a wealthy family. A. poor B. large C. rich D. happy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The plane will be taking off in approximately 10 minutes. A. about
5、B. possibly C. probably D. rarely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The gold medal won by two Chinese girls in the womens doubles of tennis is of great significance. A. happiness B. difficulty C. importance D. impatience（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.It is hard for me to give you a definite answer. A. sure B. correct C. real
6、 D. clear（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous. A. unheard of B. unacceptable C. unbelievable D. ridiculous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The police arrested the suspect yesterday and released him this morning. A. freed B. relieved C. kicked D. liberated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Safety
7、 is always our primary concern. A. least B. secondary C. last D. chief（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The SeaWhat do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other th
8、ings do we know about it? The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big. When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world. The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere. Some parts of the sea
9、 are very shallow. But in some places the depth of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometers deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of wate
10、r above it! What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea, you know that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. At that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above it. What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea, you know
11、that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea
12、!In most parts of the sea, there are plenty of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are millions of tiny living things that float in the sea. These floating things are so small that it is hard to see them. Many fish live by eating these.The sea can be ve
13、ry cold. Divers, who go deep down in the sea, know this. On the top the water may be warm. When the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder. Another thing happens. When the diver goes deeper, the water above presses down on him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has to wear clothes mad
14、e of metal. But he cannot go very deep. Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship! They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it. They went down to a depth of eleven kilometers!（分数：7.00）(1).The sea looks beautiful when it is calm.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mention
15、ed(2).The land takes up 25% of the world.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The sea is 6 kilometers in depth on average.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The Dead Sea is so salty that nothing can live in it.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The deeper one goes down in the sea,
16、 the fewer fishes and plants he can find.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The deeper a diver goes down in the sea, the greater water pressure he bears.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Divers have to use a very strong diving ship when they want to go down to the deepest part of the
17、sea mainly because it is extremely cold here.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Carl Sagan1 “No one has ever succeeded in conveying the wonder and joy of science as widely and few as wells.“ That praise was given on Carl Sagan when he was honored with the Public W
18、elfare Medal, the highest award given by the National Academy of Science. On 20 December 1996, Carl Sagan died at age 62 of pneumonia. In my experience, he was much more than a prominent popularizer. He was a brilliant scientist with solid achievements.2 I first met Sawn at a meeting of the AAAS, th
19、e American Association for the Advancement of Science, were he took part in a session on the Viking Mars Project. When Viking landed on Mars in 1976, it was at a site he had helped select. Then I interviewed him in Washington, D.C., after Mariner had sent back spectacular pictures of the Martian sur
20、face. Sagan had acted as a head of one of Mariners imaging teams. The interview, “Close-up Photos Reveal a Turbulent Mars,“ appeared in Popular Sciences in September 1976.3 I had originally headlined the story “The Red Planet Isnt Dead,“ but Sagan asked me to change it. “Im in enough hot waters with
21、 some of my colleagues as it is,“ he said, referring to the anger felt by some scientists over his growing fame as a popularizer. That fame reached a zenith during his 1980 television series “Cosmos,“ with an audience of 400 million people in 60 countries. Along the way, he captured Pulitzer Prize f
22、or his book The Dragons of Eden.4 He was noted for the vigor of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience. I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanual Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had
23、repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted, Velikovsky said, in the bible.5 Sagan was often heard observing that drawings of flying saucers never included a door. “How did those creatures of outer space get in and out?“ he once asked. Once he said that pseudoscience is embraced in ex
24、act proportion as real science is misunderstood.A Satan as a Science PopularizerB Honor Sagan EnjoyedC Sagans PublicationsD Description of tie First Meeting with SaganE Sagans Criticism on PscudoscienceF Sagan in Trouble with Other Scientists（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2
25、_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A a member of the National Academy of ScienceB a pseudo-scientistC a science popularizerD a reporterE an astronomerF a physicist（分数：4.00）(1).In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).With Cosmos and
26、 others, Sagan enjoyed his fame as _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).From the passage, we may conclude that the author of the passage may be _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).From the description we know that Sagan was _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Immigration and ProblemsHundreds of th
27、ousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US filled streets all over America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and asked to be treated as citizens-not criminals. Many of these supported legislation from Senator John McCain that would open a path to citizenship to immigra
28、nts who were already in the country illegally. Proposed legislation from other politicians called for stricter measures-including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their home countries.Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. Some want to keep
29、 the doors open. They need the labor. About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005, according to the Canadian Government statistics. However, all this growth means that cities need to adapt. New comers dont always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled. So in
30、dustries are using mentoring (辅导) programs to help new immigrants find proper jobs.With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands and showing no sign of abating (减少), the Spanish Government has decided to get tough. There will be no more mass amnesties (特赦)
31、for illegals, and anyone coming to Spain without permission will be sent back, the government has announced. About 23,000 migrants landed on the islands in 2006, and riots have erupted in some crowded reception centers. This has promoted local authorities to appeal to the United Nations for help.Fra
32、nces new immigration and integration law gives the government new powers to encourage high-skilled migration. It takes effect in 2007. The new law authorizes the government will help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. The selected foreign employee
33、s will be granted “skills and talents“ visas valid for three years. But some people show the concern that itll cause brain drain in developing countries.（分数：15.00）(1).Many immigrants in the US took to the streets in early 2006, demanding that _.（分数：3.00）A.John McCain be removedB.they be sent back ho
34、meC.they be treated as citizensD.their culture be protected(2).The expression “rounding up“ in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by _（分数：3.00）A.encirclingB.separatingC.arrestingD.frightening(3).Canada is not very strict with immigration applications because _.（分数：3.00）A.it is a large countryB.it is
35、 suffering from labor shortageC.its population is decreasingD.it is a multicultural country(4).To solve the immigration problem, the Spanish Government has decided _.（分数：3.00）A.to take tough measures against illegal immigrationB.to let immigrants freely enter the countryC.to integrate immigrants int
36、o the Spanish cultureD.to help immigrants find proper jobs(5).After Frances new immigration and integration law takes effect, it will _（分数：3.00）A.encourage overseas students to return homeB.bring damage to the unity of the countryC.arouse anger among French workersD.make it hard for developing count
37、ries to keep talents六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)One-room SchoolsOne-room schools are part of the heritage of the United States, and the mention of them makes people feel a vague long for the way things were. One-room schools are an endangered species. However, for more than a hundred years, one-room school
38、s have been systematically shut down and their students sent away to centralized schools. As recently as 1930, there were 149,000 one-room schools in the United States. By 1970 there were 1,800. Today, of nearly 800 remaining one-room schools more than 350 are in Nebraska. The rest are scattered thr
39、ough a few other states that have on their road maps wide-open spaces between towns.Now that there are hardly any left, educators are beginning to think that maybe there is something yet to be learned from one-room schools, something that served the pioneers that might serve as well today. Progressi
40、ve educators have come up with progressive-sounding names like “peer-group teaching“ and “multi-age grouping“ for educational procedures that occur naturally in the one-room schools. In a one-room school the children teach each other because the teacher is busy part of the time teaching someone else
41、. A fourth grader can work at a fifth-grade level in math and a third-grade level in English without the stigma associated with being left back or the pressures of being skipped ahead. A youngster with a learning disability can find his or her own level without being separated from the other pupils.
42、 In larger urban and suburban schools today this is called mainstreaming. A few hours in a small school that has only one classroom and it becomes clear why so many parents feel that one of the advantages of living in Nebraska is that their children have to go to a one-room school.（分数：15.00）(1).We l
43、earn from the first paragraph that one-room schools _.（分数：3.00）A.are the best in NebraskaB.are becoming more and more centralizedC.have has a strong influence on American peopleD.need to be shut down(2).One-room schools are in danger of disappearing because _.（分数：3.00）A.there has been a trend toward
44、s centralizationB.they cannot get top studentsC.they exist only in one stateD.children have to teach themselves(3).A major characteristic of the one-room school system is that _.（分数：3.00）A.learning is not limited to one grade levelB.pupils mostly study math and EnglishC.some children have to be left
45、 backD.teachers are always busy(4).It can be learned from paragraph 2 that many parents in Nebraska _.（分数：3.00）A.dont like centralized schoolsB.come from other statesC.received education in one-room schoolsD.prefer rural life(5).What is the authors attitude towards one-room schools?（分数：3.00）A.Critic
46、al.B.Humorous.C.Angry.D.Praisin七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Britains Solo SailorEllen MacArthur started sailing when she was eight, going out on sailing trips with her aunt.She loved it so much that she saved her money for three years to buy her first small sailing boat. When she was 18, she sailed alone ar
47、ound Britain and won the “Young Sailor of the Year“ award.But Ellen really became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race, which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she
48、 was given a very warm welcome when she returned.Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellens personality. When she was younger, she lived in a kind of hut for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race. Then she took a one-way ticket t
49、o France, bought a tiny seven meter class mini yacht, slept under it while she was repairing it, and then she raced it 4,000 kilometers across the Atlantic in 1997, alone for 33 days.Ellen has had to learn many things, because sailing single-handed means that she has to be her own captain, electrician,
