1、职称英语综合类 B级-38 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village. A. found B. jailed C. caught D. killed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.If we leave now, we should miss the traffic. A. avoid B. mix C. direct D. stop（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.I propose
2、that we discussed this at the next meeting. A. request B. suggest C. demand D. order（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The police took fingerprints and identified the body. A. discovered B. touched C. missed D. recognized（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.I was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill. A. surprised B. los
3、t C. excited D. angry（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Can you give me a concrete example to support your idea? A. special B. good C. real D. specific（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Weve been through some rough times together. A. short B. difficult C. long D. happy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.What are my chances of promotion if I stay h
4、ere? A. retirement B. replacement C. advertisement D. advancement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light. A. new B. familiar C. large D. wonderful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Were happy to report that business is booming this year. A. failing B. open C. successful
5、 D. risky（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy. A. leaves B. drops C. reduces D. changes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.She gave up her job and started writing poetry. A. lost B. abandoned C. took D. created（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Weve seen a marked shift in our approach to th
6、e social issues. A. regular B. great C. clear D. quick（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract. A. mark B. involve C. solve D. avoid（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The company has the right to end his employment at any time. A. offer B. stop C. provide D. continue
7、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Plants and MankindBotany (植物学), the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We dont know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a d
8、etailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, naedicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazo
9、n recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge“ at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants. And the less distinct o
10、ur knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be h
11、arvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flew the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the cont
12、rolled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.（分数：7.00）(1).It is logical that a detaile
13、d learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).People cannot survive without plants.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wron
14、gC.Not mentioned(4).Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).People living in the Middle East first
15、learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)How We Form First Impression.1 We all h
16、ave first impression of someone we just met. But why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her, aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits.2 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sen
17、sitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a persons eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other make you sea him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information the sights and sounds of your world. These inc
18、oming “signals“ are compared against a host of “memories“ stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals “mean.“3 If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe.“ If you see someone new, it says, “new potentially threatening
19、.“ Then your brain starts match features of this stranger with other “known“ memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I dont like this person.“ Or else, Tm intri
20、gued.“ Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person.“ But these preliminary “impressions“ can be dead wrong.4 When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature
21、thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people-their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character, we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks.5 However, if we resist initial stereotyp
22、ical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend -time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the persons character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking and the most complex areas of our cortex, which allo
23、w us to be humane.A Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic ImpressionsB Comment on First impressionC Illustration of First ImpressionD Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against MemoriesE Threatening Aspect of First ImpressionsF Differences Among Jocks, Geeks and Freaks（分数：4.00）(1).Parag
24、raph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A a strangers less mature type of thinkingB the Most complex areas of our cortexC the immature form of thinking of a very young childD tire meaning of incoming sensory informati
25、onE the sights and sounds of the worldF an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking（分数：4.00）(1).Sensory information is one that is perceived through _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).You interpret _ by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The way we stereo
26、type people is a Jess mature form of thinking, which is similar to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)ShopliftersMost shoplifters (商店扒手) agree that the January sales offer wonderful opportunit
27、ies for the hard-working thief. With the shops so crowded and the staff so busy, it does not require any extraordinary talent to help you to take one or two little things and escape unnoticed. It is known, in the business, as “hoisting“.But the hoisting game is not what it used to be. Even at the he
28、ight of the sales, shoplifters today never know if they are being watched by one of those evil little balls that hang from the ceilings of so many department stores above the most desirable goods.As if that was not trouble enough for them, they can now be filmed at work and obliged to attend a showi
29、ng of their performance in court.Selfridges was the first big London store to install closed-circuit videotape equipment to watch its sales floors. In October last year the store won its first court case for shoplifting using a evidence a videotape clearly showing a couple stealing dresses. It was a
30、n important test case which encouraged other stores to install similar equipment.When the balls, called sputniks, first make an appearance in shops, it was widely believed that their only function was to frighten shoplifters. Their somewhat ridiculous appearances, the curious holes and red lights go
31、ing on and off, certainly make the theory believable.It did not take long, however, for serious shoplifters to start showing suitable respect. Soon after the equipment was in operation at Selfridges, store detective Brian Chadwick was sitting in the control room watching a woman secretly putting bot
32、tles of perfume into her bag.“As she turned to go,“ Chadwick recalled, “she suddenly looked up at the sputnik and stopped. She could not possibly have seen that the camera was trained on her because it is completely hidden, but she must have had a feeling that I was looking at her.“For a moment she
33、paused, but then she returned to counter and started putting everything back. When she had finished, she opened her bag towards the camera to show it was empty and hurried out of the store./（分数：15.00）(1).January is a good month for shoplifters because _.（分数：3.00）A.they dont need to wait for staff to
34、 serve themB.they dont need any previous experience as thievesC.there are so many people in the storeD.January sales offer wonderful opportunities for them(2).The sputniks hanging from the ceiling are intended _.（分数：3.00）A.to watch the most desirable goodsB.to make films that can be used as evidence
35、C.to frighten shoplifters by their appearanceD.to be used as evidence against shoplifters(3).The case last October was important because _.（分数：3.00）A.the store got the dresses backB.the equipment was able to frighten shopliftersC.other shops found out about the equipmentD.the kind of evidence suppli
36、ed was accepted by court(4).The woman stealing perfume _.（分数：3.00）A.guessed what the sputniks were forB.was frightened by its shapeC.could see the camera filming herD.knew that the detective had seen her(5).The womans action before leaving the store shows that she _.（分数：3.00）A.was sorry for what she
37、 had doneB.was afraid she would be arrestedC.decided she didnt want what she had picked upD.wanted to prove she had not intended to steal anything六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)SharkThe largest shark known to us, Megalodon, is extinct. Or is it? Carcharodon Megalodon, commonly known as Megalodon, is believed
38、to have lived between 1 million and 5 million years ago and thought to have been 52 feet long. It is (or was) a shark that had a jaw 7 or more feet wide. Fairly recently, there has been some speculation about whether it is extinct or just out of reach. But few people believe that Megalodon has found
39、 a home deep in the ocean.There are many known “Living Fossils“: Coelacanth, Sea Cucumbers, Sea Urchins, Lobsters, Sea Stars. The common ones like lobsters and sea urchins are not really looked on as anything amazing. Theyve been around for thousands of years or more, and are easily accessible to us
40、. What if they werent accessible and yet still existed? We would label them extinct. The discovery of a live Coelacanth, a fish long believed extinct, challenged some scientists long-held beliefs on extinction. There have been recent discoveries of incredibly large squid, and deep-sea fish never bef
41、ore seen by scientists.In the 1960s the U.S. Navy set up underwater microphones around the world to track Soviet submarines. The network, known as the Sound Surveillance System, still lies deep below the oceans surface in a layer of water known as the “deep sound channel“. The temperature and pressu
42、re of the channel allow sound waves to travel undisturbed. NOAAs Acoustic Monitoring Project has been using the Sound Surveillance System to listen for changes in ocean structure like ocean currents or volcanic activity. Most of the sounds recorded are common and of no concern. One sound, identified
43、 in 1977 by U.S. Navy “spy“ sensors, was odd. It was obviously a marine animal but the call was more powerful than any of the calls made by any other reported sea creature. It was too big for a whale. Could it be a deep-sea monster? One possibility was a giant squid, but no one is sure. It was named
44、 “Bloop“. Could it be Megalodon? If Megalodon is still alive down in the bottom of the ocean, we may some day soon discover it. Then what? Deep sea diving will never be the same, thats for sure!（分数：15.00）(1).The following is commonly known EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.Megalodon, the largest shark, is extinct
45、B.Megalodon is not extinct but just out of reachC.Megalodon was 52 feet long and had a jaw 7 or more feet wideD.Megalodon lived between several million years ago.(2).What makes scientists doubt about the belief that Megalodon is extinct?（分数：3.00）A.The discovery of many “Living Fossils“.B.The discove
46、ry of the fossils of lobsters.C.The discovery of a live Coelacanth.D.The discovery of the fossils of sea urchins.(3).What was special in their recorded sounds?（分数：3.00）A.To listen for changes in ocean structure.B.To listen for changes of ocean currents or volcanic activity.C.To Make sure whether the
47、re was a giant squid deep in the ocean.D.To follow the track of the Soviet warships under water.(4).What was special in their recorded sounds?（分数：3.00）A.A strange, powerful animal sound was heard.B.A big whales sound was heard.C.A sea monsters sound was heard.D.A giant squids sound was hear(5).What
48、can be concluded from the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Scientists discoveries always change peoples belief.B.There are too many secrets to be discovered.C.Megalodon may be still alive deep in the ocean.D.“Deep sound channel“ allows sound waves to travel undisturbe七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)MarriageSixteen years ago
49、, Eileen Doyles husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriag
