1、职称英语综合类 B 级-40 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He was said to have been removed from the position of manager for a recent conflict with an important customer. A. dismissed B. released C. picked D. exposed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.These are our motives for doing it. A. reasons B.
2、arguments C. targets D. pursuit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Do you believe these two intimate friends used to be enemies? A. bearable B. internal C. close D. believable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Successful leaders dominate events rather than react to them. A. control B. contribute C. convey D. contact（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
3、.5.We are wasting precious time sitting around here. A. valuable B. leisure C. spare D. previous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.This book embraces many subjects. A. adopts B. covers C. presses D. accepts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.He did his best to inspire his team to great efforts. A. persuade B. instruct C. encourage
4、D. discourage（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.I reserve the fight to disagree. A. deserve B. keep C. perceive D. notice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I notified him that the meeting had been postponed. A. informed B. observed C. mocked D. misled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Your compass and clock are the most essential instruments in
5、sailing. A. equipments B. tools C. instructions D. opportunities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.A beautiful woman attended to me in that store yesterday. A. waited on B. talked to C. spoke to D. stayed with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.You must shine your shoes. A. lighten B. clean C. wash D. polish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Th
6、e example was fundamental to the argument. A. impressive B. public C. essential D. slight（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.I didnt immediately realize that how serious the situation was. A. once more B. right now C. fight down D. once again（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The weather here has been exceptionally mild. A. extre
7、mely B. identically C. fashionably D. faithfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Bees and ColorOn our table in the garden we put a blue card, and all around this blue card we put a number of different gray cards. These gray cards are of all possible shades of gray land include white and
8、black. On each card a watch-glass is placed. The watch-glass on the blue card has some syrup (果汁) in it; all the others are empty. After a short time bees find the syrup, and they come for it again and again. Then, after some hours, we take away the watch-glass of syrup which was on the blue card an
9、d put an empty one in its place.Now what do the bees do? They still go straight to the blue card, although there is no syrup them. They do not go to any of the gray cards, in spite of the fact that one of the gray cards is of exacfiy the same brightness as the blue card. Thus the bees do not mistake
10、 any shade of gray for blue. In his way we have proved that they do really see blue as a color.We can find out in just the same way what other colors bees can see. It turns out that bees can see various colors, but these insects differ from us as regards their color-sense in two very interesting way
11、s. Suppose we train bees to come to a red card, and, having done so, we put the red card on the table in the garden among the set of different gray cards. This time we find that the bees mistake red for dark gray or black. They cannot distinguish between them. This means that red is not a color at a
12、ll for bees; for them it is just dark gray or black.That is one strange fact; here is another. A rainbow is red on one edge, violet on the other. Outside the violet of the rainbow there is another color which we cannot see at all. This color beyond the violet, invisible to us, is called the ultra-vi
13、olet. Although it is invisible, we know that the ultra-violet is there because it affects a photographic plate. Now, although we are unable to see ultra-violet light, bees can do so; for them ultra-violet is a color. Thus bees see a color which we cannot even imagine. This has been found out by trai
14、ning bees to come for syrup to various parts of a spectrum, or artificial rainbow, thrown by a prism on a table in a dark room. In such an experiment the insects can be taught to fly to the ultra-violet, which for us is just darkness.（分数：7.00）(1).Experiment with bees described in the first and secon
15、d paragraphs tell us that bees regard blue as a color.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not mentioned(2).The third paragraph tells us that bees also regard red as a color.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not mentioned(3).The experiment described in the second paragraph aimed to find out that bees are not able to see g
16、ray as a color.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not mentioned(4).An artificial rainbow was created for the experiment to see whether bees can recognize the ultra-violet as a color.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not mentioned(5).The fourth paragraph tells us that bees may be harmed by ultra -violet light.（分数：1.00）A.
17、TrueB.FalseC.Not mentioned(6).We can conclude from the passage that bees recognize colors in the same way as human beings.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not mentioned(7).Bees are more sensitive to colors than human beings.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Paper Chase
18、“Running a house is a lot like running a business,“ says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in Cincinnati, Ohio, who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on organizing documents, bills, and other materials, Denton suggest
19、s the following tips.Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system. If you cant devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family r
20、ecords. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office, or family room.When in doubt, throw it out. The first step to implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you dont use, dont need, or that you coul
21、d easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings youll never have an opportunity to use or even read.Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesnt fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and sugges
22、t a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders at the front of your system for current billsone to correspond with each bill-paying dayand file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced.Think of your fi
23、ling system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible.Everyones needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filling system, ask yourself: “Where would I look for this?“ Crea
24、te main headings for your filing system, such as Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under the main headings. Never overstuff your files.（分数：8.00）(1). A. Find a place to work on. B. Implementing a workable filing system. C. What is a good filing system. D. How to
25、invest in a rolling file cart. E. Get rid of unimportant things. F. Dealing with bills.Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5). A. they are useless B. in paper chase C. that it is easily reached D. that different
26、 people have different requirements E. they are not comfortable F.in investing in couponsStephanie Denton is expert _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).You can put your file cart anywhere you like, on condition _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Coupons should be thrown away because _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).“Mentally flexible“ indi
27、cates the fact _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Attitudes to AIDS NowMost people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS. But they dont know theres no cure and strongly disagree that “the AIDS epidemic is over.“The findings, released Thursday by the Kais
28、er Family Foundation, reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths.“While people are very optimistic about the advances, theyre still realistic about the fact that there is no cure,“ says
29、 Sophia Chang, director of HIV programs at the foundation.The Kaiser survey, like a recent USA today Gallup Poll, does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the countrys top health problem has fallen. In the Kaiser poll, 38% say its the topconcern, down from 44 % in a 1996 poll; in the Gall
30、up Poll, 29 % say AIDS is N0.1, down from I 41% in 1992and67% in 1987.Other findings from Kaiser, which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November52% say the country is making progress against AIDS; up from 32% in 1995.51
31、% say the government spends too little on AIDS.86 % correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives: an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures.67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year; 24% know deaths fell.Daniel Zingale, director of AIDS Ac
32、tion Council, says, “Im encouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isnt over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message.We have seen signs of complacency.“Epidemic n.流行病; (流行病的)流行,传播Reassure vt.向.一再保证,安慰,使放心,使消除疑虑.Poll n.民意测验,民意测验结果
33、Complacency n.自满(情绪),沾沾自喜;满足,满意（分数：15.00）(1).What do activists worry about?（分数：3.00）A.Recent news about AIDS is not true.B.People may stop worrying about AIDS.C.Deaths caused by AIDS may not decline.D.Advances in AIDS treatment are too slow.(2).According to the passage, peoples attitude toward the c
34、ure of AIDS is_（分数：3.00）A.optimisticB.realisticC.pessimisticD.hopeless(3).The Gallup Poll shows that the number of people_（分数：3.00）A.who suffer from the worst diseaseAIDS has fallenB.who think AIDS threatens the countryside has fallenC.who worry about AIDS and health problems has fallenD.who think A
35、IDS is the countrys top health killer has fallen(4).According to the Kaiser Poll, which of the following is NOT correct?（分数：3.00）A.The country is making progress against AIDS.B.AIDS drugs still cannot save peoples lives.C.AIDS drugs can now make people live longer.D.More and more people die of AIDS
36、now.(5).The word “message“ in the last paragraph means（分数：3.00）A.printed newsB.contactC.meaningD.central idea六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Driven to DistractionJoe Coyne slides into the drivers seat, stars up the car and heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion, and Coyne
37、hits the brake as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him.But even if he hadnt stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isnt real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isnt really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at O
38、ld Dominion University (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel.The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distractingor whether any distractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help findi
39、ng their way in unfamiliar locations.“Were looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,“ said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor leading the research, which involves measuring drives reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues.The researc
40、hers just completed a study of the mental workload involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy vs. light traffic. Preliminary results show that as people “get into more challenging driving situations, they dont have any extra mental energy to respond to something else in th
41、e environment,“ Baldwin said.But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. The next step is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational information and how those methods change the drivers mental workload.“Is it best if they see a picture “ that shows their position, a map kind of display
42、?“ Baldwin said. “Is it best if they hear it?“Navigational systems now on the market give point-by-point directions that follow a prescribed route. “Theyre very unforgiving,“ Baldwin said. “If you miss a tarn, they can almost seem to get angry.“That style of directions also can be frustrating for pe
43、ople who prefer more general instructions. But such broad directions can confuse drivers who prefer route directions, Baldwin said.Perhaps manufacturers should allow drivers to choose the style of directions they want, or modify systems to present some information in a way that makes sense for peopl
44、e who prefer the survey style, she said.Interestingly, other research has shown that about 60 per cent of men prefer the survey style,while 60 per cent women prefer the route style, Baldwin said. This explains the classic little thing of why men dont like to stop and ask for directions and women do,
45、 Baldwin added.（分数：15.00）(1).Which statement is TRUE of the description in the first two paragraphs?（分数：3.00）A.If Coyne had stopped the car in time, he wouldnt have hit the woman.B.The woman would have been knocked over, if Coyne had followed the traffic regulations.C.Coyne is not really driving so
46、it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.D.If the woman had not crossed the street suddenly, Coyne would not have hit her.(2).What do researchers want to find out, according to the third and fourth paragraphs?（分数：3.00）A.Whether or not audible or written directions are distracting.B.How long it
47、 will take the driver to respond to auditory and visual stimuli.C.How the driver perform under certain mental workload.D.All of the abov(3).What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.Drivers are afraid of getting into challenging driving situations.B.In challenging driv
48、ing situations, drivers still have extra energy to handle other things.C.In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else.D.Drivers mental load remains unchanged under different situations.(4).The sixth paragraph mainly state that the re
49、searchers _（分数：3.00）A.is designing a visual navigational information systemB.is designing an audio navigational information systemC.is designing an audio-visual navigational information systemD.want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system(5).What kind of directions do men and w
