1、职称英语综合类 B级-42 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Very often bacteria or viruses inhabit the body without causing illness,a condition known as the “carrier state“.（分数：1.00）A.surroundB.repelC.occupyD.devitalize2.On the fourth of July 1776 the Declaration of Independence was adop
2、ted by the Continental Congress.（分数：1.00）A.acceptedB.nominatedC.appointedD.recommended3.In studying social groups, sociologists often gain insight through the use of such devices as questionnaires.（分数：1.00）A.accessB.credibilityC.publicityD.understanding4.After seeing some of Louis Kahns architectura
3、l plans,Jonas Salk asked him to build a laboratory in La Jolla, California.（分数：1.00）A.permittedB.wantedC.requestedD.hired5.It is not possible for people to remember everthing that they have thought.（分数：1.00）A.recallB.appreciateC.repeatD.discuss6.A ballet is theatrical entertainment that combines the
4、 arts of dancing, stage design, and music.（分数：1.00）A.replacesB.promotesC.simplifiesD.blends7.Many people think that she takes after her father.（分数：1.00）A.supportsB.resemblesC.caresD.looks for8.After his military defeat in 1865,Robert E. Lee entreated the people of the South to work for national harm
5、ony.（分数：1.00）A.warnedB.urgedC.commanded D recruited9.Nashville, Tennessee, boasts some of the finest country music performers in the United States.（分数：1.00）A.playsB.attractsC.recordsD.claims10.Dating from around A. D. 1000,the largest mound surviving from the Mississippian culture was one hundred fe
6、et high and had a base of nearly fifteen acres.（分数：1.00）A.civilizationB.formationC.sectD.edifice11.By conducting experiments on brave volunteers, Walter Reed was able to identify the particularkind of mosquito that carried yellow fever.（分数：1.00）A.thinB.heartyC.curiousD.courageous12.Sophonisba P. Bre
7、ckinridge, the first woman admitted to the bar in Kentucky,eventually abandoned her legal career and became a social worker.（分数：1.00）A.supportedB.prosecutedC.gave upD.tired of13.Dotting the marshy expanse of the Florida Everglades are little islands known locally as hummocks.（分数：1.00）A.generallyB.to
8、 allC.in that areaD.occasionally14.Theories of teaching have not been as fully developed as have theories of learning.（分数：1.00）A.thoroughlyB.liberallyC.eagerlyD.properly15.The nucleus of the atom is composed of swiftly moving protons and neutrons that are held together by very strong forces.（分数：1.00
9、）A.mixedB.propelledC.poundedD.bound二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Computer MouseThe basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like sele
10、cting text for copying and pasting, drawing,and even scrolling on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. we learn to point at things before we learn to speak
11、, so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Other computer pointing devices include light pens, graphics tablets and touch screens, but the mouse is still our workhorse.The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular
12、and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text,it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse,with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the roa
13、d to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks.How does the mouse work? we have to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As me mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are
14、 connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light-emitting diodes(LED) mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets th
15、rough to the LED on the other side. But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detect a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body.
16、 This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen.Sofar we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used. One problem with this design is that the mo
17、use gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.（分数：7.00）(1).Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Accor
18、ding to the author, general computer users need not to know how the computer mouse was invented.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body,which looks like the tail of a mouse.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The key c
19、omponents of a computer mouse are the two LEDs.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not men
20、tioned(7).The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) AFunctions of Lucents SoftSwitch BSingle number concept-basis for the integrated technologies CIntegrated telecommunication network D
21、Single number conceptE Higher service qualityF Inconvenience of disintegrated communication means（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 7_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 9_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ Aone communication method without integration Bdevelopment of new
22、 telecommunications equipment Cthe brain of the next generation network Dhis particular assigned numberE different devices and mediaF transformation of old circuit-based networks（分数：4.00）(1).It is not so convenient to use only_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).With the use of multi-service networks,users would be
23、 able to communicate with one another across_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).SoftSwitch is developed by Lucent as_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).From this passage we know that in the near future everyone is contacted by others through_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Shrinking Water Supply P
24、oses Threat to Peace“Water, which is essential for life, costs nothing. On the other hand, diamonds, which are essential for nothing, cost a lot. “ Unfortunately, the world has changed considerably since an 18th century economist made this remark.What was true over 200 years ago is certainly no long
25、er true now. In a number of countries people pay as much for water in their homes as they do for electricity.Like health, we ignore water when we have it-unless there are floods, of course. Once there is a threat to our water supply, however, water can quickly become the only thing that matters. We
26、know only too well that, without water, there can be no life.The situation is now becoming so bad that environmentalists feel it many be necessary to shock the world into saving water in a similar way to the shock caused by the oil crises in the 1970s.At that time, the oil crisis became such a serio
27、us threat to the lives of everyone in the developed countries that it made people conscious of the importance of saving oil and provided powerful encouragement for governments to look for other forms of energy.The result undoubtedly was of major benefit to energy conservation.There is now no longer
28、an unlimited supply of fresh water. About 97 percent of the planets water is seawater. Another 2 percent is locked in icecaps and glaciers. There are also reserves of fresh water under the earths surface but these are too deep for us to use economically.Unfortunately, competition is growing fiercely
29、 for what little water is available. It may be a matter of time before that competition becomes a conflict.To make matters worse, the worlds population is increasing so rapidly that it is expected to grow to about 8 billion in 30 years-an increase of 60 percent.Moreover, in many developed countries
30、throughout the world, flush lavatories and washing machines mean the average person now uses 300 litres of water a day compared with 50 at the beginning of the century.At the other extreme, according to the World Health Organization, one quarter of the worlds present population still lacks safe drin
31、king water and proper sanitation. Most live in the southern hemisphere, where supplies of fresh water are put in jeopardy through dirty industrial practices, poor irrigation and erosion.The social stability of the world is no longer threatened by global wars, the Cold War However, the supply of wate
32、r could soon become the chief threat to such stability. There is already evidence of this happening, especially in Africa.Recently the Egyptian Government threatened to destroy and dams built on the Nile if they considered the dams would affect their supply of fresh water.What is required immediatel
33、y is an awareness of the true value of water and the formation of sensible water conservation strategies.It is also of vital importance to have a consensus on how best to use shared water resources for the benefit of all the countries in the world as well as an examination of the best methods for th
34、e distribution of the worlds water.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?_（分数：3.00）A.People now pay as much for water as they did 200 years ago.B.People now pay as little for water as they did 200 years ago.C.Water now costs as much as it used to.D.Water n
35、ow has become more expensive than it was.(2).Which of the following is NOT the authors purpose of mentioning the oil crises in the 1970s?_（分数：3.00）A.To prove that water is as expensive as oil.B.To warn the world of a possible water supply crisis.C.To call peoples attention to the importance of energ
36、y conservation.D.To shock the people of the world into saving water.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor that is making the water situation in the world more and more severe?_（分数：3.00）A.The increase of population.B.The use of washing machines.C.The use of flush lava
37、tories.D.The popularity of swimming pools.(4).Which of the following is cited by the author as the place where the supply of water is most likely to threaten social stability?_（分数：3.00）A.Africa.B.The southern hemisphere.C.Egypt.D.All the developed countries.(5).To solve the water supply problem the
38、world today faces, the author suggests at the end of the article doing all the following except（分数：3.00）A.calling peoples attention to the true value of waterB.blowing up dams that affect the supply of fresh waterC.adopting sound water conservation policiesD.finding the best way to distribute the wo
39、rlds water六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Oseola McCartyLATE ONE SUNDAY AFTERNOON in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something
40、quite exceptional about this woman.In the summer of 1995, MeCarty gave $150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a yo
41、ung child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.She led a simple, frugal existence, never spending on anything but her most basic needs. Her bank also advised her on investing her hard-earned savings.When she retired, she decided that she wanted to u
42、se the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go to university. She had wanted to become a nurse, but had to leave school to look after ill relatives and work. When asked why she had given her life savings away, she replied, “Im giving it away so that children wont have to work s
43、o hard, like I did. “ After news of her donation hit the media, over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund. One was given by media executive, Ted Turner, who reputedly gave a billion dollars.She didnt want any fuss made over her gift, but the news got out and she was invited all over the U
44、nited States to talk to people. Wherever she went, people would come up to her to say a few words or to just touch her. She met the ordinary and the famous, President Clinton included. In the last few years of her life, before she died of cancer, McCarty was given over 300 awards, she was honoured b
45、y the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizens Medal. Despite having no real education, she found herself with two honorary doctorates: one from the University of Southern Mississippi and the other from Harvard University. Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proof that
46、 true selflessness does exist.（分数：15.00）(1).This woman shocked and inspired the world because _（分数：3.00）A.she gave her money to African AmericansB.she only spent money on cheap thingsC.she had managed to save so much moneyD.she gave her life savings to help others through university(2).She managed t
47、o save so much money because_（分数：3.00）A.she had opened a good bank accountB.she had worked hard, saved hard and invested carefullyC.she had ironed and washed clothes all her lifeD.she knew how to make money(3).She gave her money away because_（分数：3.00）A.she want to be remembered after her deathB.she
48、wanted others to have the chance to become nursesC.she wanted to help the universityD.she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life(4).When her generosity was made_（分数：3.00）A.people donated billionsB.hundreds of people put money into the fundC.she was sent to universityD.hundreds o
49、f students got scholarships(5).McCarty became famous because_（分数：3.00）A.she travelled all over AmericaB.she had saved $150,000C.of her exceptional skillsD.of her generosity七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Eating Meat-Less or More?Every second in the United States alone, more than 250 animals are slaughtered for food, adding up to more than 8 billion anim
