1、职称英语综合类 C 级分类模拟 8 及答案解析(总分：100.03，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读判断(总题数：7，分数：100.00)G8 SummitLeaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations (G8) will meet in Scotland in July this year. Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil have also been invited. Here“s what the G8 leaders
2、want from the meeting. British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world“s poorest countries. He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010. He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports. This has
3、 not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests. On climate change, Blair wants concerted (共同的) action by reducing carbon emissions (排放). US President George W. Bush agrees to give help to Africa. But he says he doesn“t like the idea of increasing aid to countr
4、ies as it will increase corruption. Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit, according to media. The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol (京都议定书). Although the US is the world“s biggest polluter, Bush so far refuses to believe
5、there is sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem. French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change. He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal. German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair“s Africa
6、proposals. Schroder“s officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa“s problems as “old thinking“. Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove they“ve solved the corruption problem. Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value
7、of more aid to Africa. But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage. Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard (跳板) next year to propose aid to the former Soviet Republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldova. Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi“s priorities
8、 are a seat on the UN Security Council, for which he will be lobbying (游说) at the summit. And he“s concerned about the Democratic People“s Republic of Korea“s nuclear weapons programme.（分数：14.00）(1).The G8 countries include China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not m
9、entioned(2).Blair hopes that the G8 countries will work together to reduce carbon emissions.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).India has accepted the invitation to attend the G8 meeting.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Bush agrees to increase aid to Africa.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.No
10、t mentioned(5).Chirac takes a stand similar to Blair“s on Africa and climate change.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).According to media, Bush will sign the Kyoto Protocol at the summit.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Japan will reject Blair“s proposal to increase aid to Africa.（分数
11、：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedWhy Is the Native Language Learnt So Well?How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often suc
12、ceeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference? Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the
13、behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right in
14、tonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation. Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-stu
15、dent has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage, he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in
16、language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled. Finally, though a child“s “t
17、eachers“ may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.（分数：14.00）(1).Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language with ease.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.No
18、t mentioned(2).Adults“ knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Plenty of
19、practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children“s success of learning their mother tongue.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year round.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(
20、6).Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).So far as language teaching is concerned, the teacher“s close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he
21、has received.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedNew Product Will Save LivesDrinking water that looks clean may still contain bugs (电子), which can cause illness. A small company called Genera Technologies has produced a testing method in three stages, which shows whether water is safe. The new tes
22、t shows if water needs chemicals added to it, to destroy anything harmful. It was invented by scientist Dr. Adrian Parton, who started Genera five years ago. He and his employees have developed the test together with a British water company. Andy Headland, Genera“s marketing director, recently prese
23、nted the test at a conference in the USA and forecast good American sales for it. Genera has already sold 11 of its tests at $42,500 a time in the UK and has a further four on order. It expects to sell another 25 tests before the end of March. The company says it is the only test in the UK to be app
24、roved by the government. Genera was formed five years ago and until October last year had only five employees. It now employs 14. Mr. Headland believes that the company should make around $19 million by the end of the year in the UK alone.（分数：14.00）(1).Genera Technologies has developed a method that
25、 determines whether water is clean.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Before he set up Genera, Dr. Parton had worked for a British water company.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The new product has been a commercial success in the USA.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Each of
26、 the tests costs $42，500.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Genera Technologies orders 25 more tests before the end of the year.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The British government is helping Dr. Parton to sell the tests abroad.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Genera has
27、increased the number of its employees recently.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedMother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous. George Snyder was driving the fire
28、 truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared,“ Snyder said. Snyder onl
29、y saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fell onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down. Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the sto
30、rm began. “Knew something was wrong,“ she said. “I saw the sky go green and pink. Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection.“ The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long ti
31、me and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes. The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The
32、river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble. Many people who live near the river had to leave
33、 their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated. The Red Cross served meals to them. “This was a really intense storm,“ said Snyder. “People were afraid. Mother Nature can
34、 be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed.“（分数：14.00）(1).The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).George Snyder was a firefighter.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement whe
35、n the storm began.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Rescue vehicles had a har
36、d time getting to people.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Several people were missing during the storm.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedCosmetic SurgerySurgery that can improve the way a person looks is becoming more and more popular in the United States. This kind of surgery is called
37、 cosmetic surgery, and both men and women are turning to this treatment as a way of keeping their appearance young as well as keeping competitive (有竞争力的) in their jobs. Men especially are beginning to turn to face-lifts, liposuction (taking fat out of the body), and implants (putting artificial part
38、s into their bodies) to help them look younger. As companies downsize and move younger employees into higher positions, older employees in their late forties and early fifties feel the need to look and act younger in order to stay competitive. These operations are not without dangers, however. One y
39、oung woman had an eye operation to get rid of the bags under her eyes. She described her experience as terrible. She said, “When he started cutting, I was fully awake. Even though he“d given me an injection near my eyes, I saw everything.“ She went on to explain, “I knew I had to keep still because
40、of what he was doing. He was scraping away fat underneath my eyes. It took about ten minutes. After he finished, I felt I couldn“t walk. I was so faint.“ Her troubles did not end after the operation for two weeks. Her eyes were swollen and almost completely closed, and even dark glasses could not hi
41、de the side effects of the operation. Liposuction, taking fat out of the body, is probably the most popular cosmetic operation in the United States. It seems simple enough. First, a small cut is made over the place where the patient wants the fat removed. Next, a small pipe is put into the cut. A ma
42、chine like a vacuum cleaner is then used to suck the fat out of the body. However, as one doctor explained, some problems can happen after the operation. He warned, “Irregular lumps and loose skin can result from this operation. If it is not evenly done, liposuction can produce a very lumpy result.“
43、 Patients often must have more liposuction to correct the problem.（分数：14.00）(1).Cosmetic surgery is more popular in the US than anywhere else.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The way a man looks has little to do with the job opportunities which may have.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentione
44、d(3).There are hardly any risks involved in cosmetic operations.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The young woman was by no means satisfied with the eye operation.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The eye operation was such a failure that the woman refused to pay for it.（分数：2.00）A.Ri
45、ghtB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Not everyone is a good candidate for liposuction.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Sometimes liposuction patients may have to undergo more than one operation.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedWinners and LosersWhy are the biggest winners in the past decade of
46、 trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc (集团) and Sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading tradition, lately reinvigorated (给以新的活力) by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet U
47、nion, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years. In Africa, some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure (基础结构); Many countries have little to trade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years. In some regions, certa
48、in countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund. First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a
49、system of business law, and all adequate method for collecting taxes. Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the US Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsin“s regime privatized the state- owned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs (寡头政治集团成员), who knowing how unstable conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home. In contrast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula. Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF ad
