1、职称英语综合类 C 级模拟 69 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.I wrote him a letter to show my appreciation of his thoughtfulness.（分数：1.00）A.achievementB.agreementC.attentionD.gratitude2.John is crazy about pop music.（分数：1.00）A.sorryB.madC.concernedD.worried3.The policeman asked him to
2、identify the thief.（分数：1.00）A.nameB.distinguishC.captureD.separate4.He holds an important position in the company; nevertheless , I don“t quite trust him.（分数：1.00）A.thusB.furthermoreC.otherwiseD.however5.The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning.（分数：1.00）A.bottom of the mountainB.foot
3、of the mountainC.top of the mountainD.starting point6.There is a growing gap between the rich and the poor.（分数：1.00）A.conflictB.tensionC.gulfD.confrontation7.The workers finally called off the strike.（分数：1.00）A.put offB.endedC.cancelledD.participated in8.The author of the report is well familiar wit
4、h the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.（分数：1.00）A.acquaintedB.informedC.enlightenedD.advised9.Many of novelist Carson McCullers“ characters are isolated , disappointed people.（分数：1.00）A.solitaryB.gloomyC.feebleD.frugal10.We“ll give every teacher space to deve
5、lop.（分数：1.00）A.chanceB.employmentC.roomD.opportunity11.The two girls look alike .（分数：1.00）A.beautifulB.similarC.prettyD.attractive12.Mary finally accepted Bruce as her life-long companion.（分数：1.00）A.receivedB.adoptedC.madeD.honored13.The secret of his success is that he does everything efficiently .
6、（分数：1.00）A.effectivelyB.curiouslyC.anxiouslyD.sufficiently14.This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language.（分数：1.00）A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic15.We“re happy to report that business is booming this year.（分数：1.00）A.failingB.riskyC.openD.successful二、第
7、 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)TV Games ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best sellers“ list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well know
8、n, overnight. This is the principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s
9、, quiz shows were very popular in the U. S. and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It
10、turned out that the show“s producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didn“t like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. Based on his story, a movie under the title “Quiz Show“ is on 40 years late
11、r. Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they aren“t taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on
12、TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.（分数：7.00）(1).TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned
13、(2).The principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).One of the TV personalities, C
14、harles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Show“s producers to give him the answers beforehand.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The huge scandal of cheating in TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie “Quiz Show“.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mention
15、ed(6).Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Winners of present-day TV game shows no longer get money from the shows.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)How We Form First Impression1. We all hav
16、e first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or heraside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits. 2. The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so
17、sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person“s eyes, ears, nose or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory informationthe sights and sounds of your world. These
18、incoming “signals“ are compared against a host of “memories“ stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals mean. 3. If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe“. If you see someone new, it says, “new-potentially threaten
19、ing“. Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “known“ memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I don“t like this person“. Or else, “
20、I“m intrigued“. Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestureslike your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person“. But these preliminary “impressions“ can be dead wrong. 4. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the
21、 immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of peopletheir history, interest, values, strengths, and true characterwe categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks. 5. However, if we resist initial
22、stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person“s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinkingand the most complex areas of our cortex, wh
23、ich allow us to be humane.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions B. Comment on First Impression C. Illustration of First Impression D. Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories E. Threatening Aspect of First Impressions F. Differences among Jocks, Ge
24、eks and Freaks Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).A. a stranger“s less mature type of thinking B. the most complex areas of our cortex C. the immature form of thinking of a very young child D. the meaning of incoming sensory inform
25、ation E. the sights and sounds of the world F. an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking Sensory information is one that is perceived through 1.（分数：1.00）(6).You interpret 1 by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.（分数：1.00）(7).The way we stereotype people is a le
26、ss mature form of thinking, which is similar to 1.（分数：1.00）(8).We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)StressWhile still catching-up to men in some spheres of modem life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirab
27、le category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,“ according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York“s Veteran“s Administration Hospital. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow
28、 affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to th
29、ose of the males. Adding to a woman“s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities“ for stress. “It“s not necessarily that women don“t cope as well. It“s just that they have so much more to cope with,“ says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater
30、 than men“s,“ she observes, “it“s just that they“re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.“ Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repea
31、ted nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one shot deals
32、. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.“ Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to s
33、chool, and get ahead and do better.“ Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother, “It“s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.“ Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic
34、 stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez“s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the
35、following is true according to the first two paragraphs?（分数：3.00）A.Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.B.Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.C.Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.D.Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.(2)
36、.Dr. Yehuda“s research suggests that women _.（分数：3.00）A.need extra doses of chemicals to handle stressB.have limited capacity for tolerating stressC.are more capable of avoiding stressD.are exposed to more stress(3).According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be _.（分数：3.00）A.domesti
37、c and temporaryB.irregular and violentC.durable and frequentD.trivial and random(4).The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.“ (Line 6, Para. 5) shows that _.（分数：3.00）A.Alvarez cared about nothing but making moneyB.Alvarez“s salary barely covered her household expensesC.Alvarez got paychecks
38、from different jobsD.Alvarez paid practically everything by check(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the text?（分数：3.00）A.Strain of Stress: No Way Out?B.Responses to Stress: Gender DifferenceC.Stress Analysis: What Chemicals SayD.Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：
39、15.00)World Crude Oil Production may Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some PredictIn a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions. Their
40、study is in ACS“ Energy Fuels. Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting “peak oil“. “Peak oil“ is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to f
41、orecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model. It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve, a related concept is that of “Peak Oil“. The term “Peak Oil“ indicates the moment in which world wide
42、 production will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline. The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970. The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide. However, recent studies show that t
43、he model is insufficient to account for more complex oil production cycles of some countries. Those cycles can be heavily influenced by technology changes, politics, and other factors, the scientists say. The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more
44、realistic and accurate oil production forecast. Using the new model, the scientists evaluated the oil production trends of 47 major oil-producing countries, which supply most of the world“s conventional crude oil. They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014, yea
45、rs earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that the world“s oil reserves are being reduced at a rate of 2.1 percent a year. The new model could help inform energy, which related decisions and public policy debate, they suggest.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is closest in meaning t
46、o the word “sparked“ appearing in Paragraph 2?（分数：3.00）A.flashedB.stimulatedC.changedD.ended(2).The term “a bell shaped curve“ appearing in Paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production will _.（分数：3.00）A.take the shape of flat curveB.keep growingC.keep decliningD.start to decline after global oil
47、 production peaks(3).Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?（分数：3.00）A.It successfully predicted that oil production peaked in the U.S. A in 1970.B.It has been used to predict oil production in many countries.C.It is insufficient to explain oil production cycles in some countries.D.
48、It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.(4).What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014.B.It predicts oil production will decline in 47 countries.C.It confirms further the effectiveness
49、 of the Hubbert model.D.It discovers a new trend of worldwide oil production.(5).Who develop the new version of the Hubbert model?（分数：3.00）A.American scientists.B.Kuwaiti scientists.C.British scientists.D.Scientists of 47 major oil-producing countries.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The SaharaThe name Sahara derives from the Arabic word for “desert“ or “steppe“. At 3.5 million square miles, an area roughly the size of the United States, the Sahara Desert in northern Africa is the largest desert in the world. It spans the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea. Daytime
