1、职称英语综合类 C 级模拟 83 及答案解析(总分：128.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：18.00)1.We“ve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.（分数：1.50）A.regularB.greatC.clearD.quick2.The microscope enables scientists to distinguish an incredible number and variety of bacteria.（分数：1.00）A.unavoidableB.un
2、changeableC.unbelievableD.unpredictable3.Can you mend the hole in my shirt?（分数：1.50）A.repairB.findC.despairD.compare4.I“m afraid that your daughter has failed to get through her mid-term exams. _（分数：1.00）A.pass offB.pass awayC.passD.pass out5.The two banks have announced plans to merge next year.（分数
3、：1.00）A.combineB.sellC.closeD.break6.John is crazy about pop music.（分数：1.00）A.sorryB.madC.concernedD.worried7.The game requires us to find out two simple but effective ways to solve this problem. _（分数：1.00）A.efficientB.cleverC.stupidD.easy8.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, par
4、ticularly some of their specialized branches.（分数：1.00）A.conventionallyB.obviouslyC.especiallyD.inevitably9.Did anyone call when I was out?（分数：1.00）A.everyoneB.someoneC.nobodyD.anybody10.Bad food is a source of illness.（分数：1.50）A.resourceB.originC.reasonD.step11.These animals migrate south annually i
5、n search of food.（分数：1.00）A.exploreB.preferC.inhabitD.travel12.While we don“t agree, we continue to be friends.（分数：2.00）A.BecauseB.WhereC.AlthoughD.Whatever13.In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.（分数：1.50）A.leavesB.dropsC.reducesD.changes14.Jane said that she couldn“t tolerate th
6、e long hours.（分数：1.00）A.spendB.takeC.standD.last15.The book made a great impact on its readers.（分数：1.00）A.forceB.influenceC.surpriseD.power二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA, stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the he
7、arts of people with heart failure. Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery. They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged. They then compared their hearts with those of people
8、 who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them (they had also suffered from severe heart failure). The patients who had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump (用泵抽运) more blood than the others. According to Professor Robert Kormos, one of the researche
9、rs, these results could revolutionize heart treatment. Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit, this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the failing heart work better. All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump
10、blood properly. The scientists measured their ejection fraction (射血分数). It is a measure of heart performance; you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle (心室). Healthy people“s ejection fraction is about 55%. These patients had ejection fraction of under 35%. They all had by
11、-pass surgery (搭桥手术) performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle. Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1% while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37.2%. No si
12、de effects were reposed. Heart failure is a common problem all over the world. In the UK alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant. Current treatm
13、ents relieve the symptoms. This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.（分数：7.00）(1).The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The experiment proved to be satisfacto
14、ry.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The control group patients regretted not having had stem cell injections.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The study actually proved for the first time the benefit of stem cell therapy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The ejection fractio
15、n rate of the patients with stem cell injections decreased.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned
16、三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Searching for Smiles1. Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be: “To be happy.“ Ed Deiner, an American psychology professor, has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy, comparing level
17、s of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves. 2. Many people would say that this question does not need an answer. But Professor Deiner has one anyway. “If you“re a cheerful, happy person, your marriage is more likely to last, and you“re more likely to make m
18、oney and be successful at your job. On average, happy people have stronger immune (免疫的) systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer.“ 3. So who are the world“s happiest people? It depends on how the word is defined. There is individual happiness, the sense of joy we get when we do some
19、thing we like. But there is also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave. According to Professor Deiner, the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction. 4. “In the West, the individualistic (个人主义的) cul
20、ture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East. People ask themselves, what can I do that“s fun or interesting? They become unhappy when they can“t do any of these things. If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy, they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their
21、 lives. If not much has gone wrong, then they are satisfied.“ 5. People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture, Professor Deiner found. “The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame. Hispanic (西班牙语言的) cultures report much more pride and much less sh
22、ame than others.“ 6. Income also made a big difference to people“s happiness, but only at the lowest levels. Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty. But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes. It seems that money makes us happy w
23、hen we have enough to feel secure. 7. But can we be too happy? “You get people who are actually happy, but they think happiness is so important that they try to be even happier. This desire to be always happy is a product of individualism, where the emphasis is on you individually, your emotions and
24、 feeling good. People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good enough for them. “ A. Happiest Culture B. An Unhappy Person C. Definition of Happiness D. Cultural Differences in Happiness E. Reasons to Be Happy F. Individual and Ordinary Happiness（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数
25、：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).A. a question B. ordinary happiness C. individualism D. cultural differences E. much F. illnesses Professor Deiner has spent many years studying 1 in happiness.（分数：1.00）(6).Professor Deiner believes that a happy
26、person is less prone (易患) to（分数：1.00）(7).Once we have got enough to feel safe, money does not make 1 difference to our happiness.（分数：1.00）(8).According to Professor Deiner, some people feel unhappy because they cannot appreciate 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Cheroke
27、e NationLong before the white man came to America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations. The nation of the Cherokees lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States. After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how imp
28、ortant reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossiblethere were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. U
29、sing his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper. In 1830, the US Congress pa
30、ssed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi river? The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surro
31、unded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and
32、hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died. It was indeed a march of death.（分数：15.00）(1).The Cherokee nation used to live _.（分数：
33、3.00）A.on the American continentB.in the southeastern part of the USC.beyond the Mississippi riverD.in the western territory(2).One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of _.（分数：3.00）A.writing down the spoken languageB.making word picturesC.teaching his people readingD.prin
34、ting their own newspaper(3).A law was passed in 1830 to _.（分数：3.00）A.allow the Cherokees to stay where they wereB.send the army to help the CherokeesC.force the Cherokees to move westwardD.forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper(4).when the Cherokees began to leave their lands _.（分数：3.00）A.they
35、 went in cartsB.they went on horsebackC.they marched on footD.all of the above(5).Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because _.（分数：3.00）A.they were not willing to go thereB.the government did not provide transportationC.they did not have enough food and clothesD.the journey wa
36、s long and boring六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Dorm Food More ComfyOnce upon a time, eating in an American college dorm meant soup in a hotpot or getting pizza delivered. The most interesting thing about the campus dining hall was often the salad bar. No more. These days, US college students have refined tas
37、tes and a growing interest in preparing their own food. Mini-refrigerators and microwaves in dorm rooms are as essential as laptops. “The cooking awareness of college students is increasing,“ said Tom Post, president of campus dining for Sodexo, a major food service company. “Students today grew up
38、watching celebrity chefs on TV, eating organic food and valuing good nutrition.“ In response, cafeteria menus have changed. Sodexo“s top campus foods for 2009 include Vietnamese noodle soup, goat cheese salad, and Mexican chicken. But colleges are also catering to student demands for more flexible a
39、nd personalized dining options. Chartwells, the company that prepares food for dining halls at Ohio Wesleyan University in the state of Ohio, offers microwaveable meals that students can take away, as well as a program where students can have food individually prepared. Or they can even do their own
40、 cooking. This fall, Sarah Lawrence College in New York will offer students on its meal plan a chance to pick up groceries in the cafeteria as an alternative to a cooked meal. “Students want things that are easy to make, things that don“t take long and will still taste good,“ said Rachel Holcomb, a
41、University of Massachusetts-Amherst student who updated recipes for the new edition of The Healthy College Cookbook. Angelo Berti, a chef at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, teaches cooking in dorm kitchens. But Berti says he“s not just teaching recipes. He“s encouraging st
42、udents to use dining together as a way to socialize and as a means of self-expression. “The meal is your canvas,“ Berti said. “You paint what you want.“ That“s why at the College of William you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle (心室). Healthy people“s ejection fraction
43、is about 55%. These patients had ejection fraction of under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery (搭桥手术) performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle. Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1% wh
44、ile those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37.2%. No side effects were reposed. Heart failure is a common problem all over the world. In the UK alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in
45、the world in general these findings are particularly significant. Current treatments relieve the symptoms. This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.（分数：7.00）(1).The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.
46、（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wrong C.Not mentioned解析：解析 根据第一段第二句话和第五段第三句话可知，这 20 名病人也接受手术治疗，题目说这 20名接受干细胞注射，而不是手术治疗，此说法错误。(2).The experiment proved to be satisfactory.（分数：1.00）A.Right B.WrongC.Not mentioned解析：解析 根据第二段最后一句话可知，接受干细胞注射的病人的心脏比其他人能运输更多的血液，所以题目说法正确。(3).The control group patients regretted not having
47、 had stem cell injections.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned 解析：解析 纵观全文可知，本文并未提到病人抱怨没有接受干细胞注射。(4).The study actually proved for the first time the benefit of stem cell therapy.（分数：1.00）A.Right B.WrongC.Not mentioned解析：解析 根据第三段最后一句话可知，这是第一个证明干细胞治疗能帮助失灵的心脏更好地工作的试验。(5).The ejection fraction rate of
48、 the patients with stem cell injections decreased.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wrong C.Not mentioned解析：解析 根据第五段最后一句话可知，六个月后，他们的射血分数率是 46.1%，而那些只接受手术而没有干细胞注射的病人平均分数率是 37.2%，所以题目说法错误。(6).Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned 解析：解析 根据第七段内容可知，
49、心衰是一个世界普通问题，在英国，每年约有 650,000 人遭受心衰，但并未提到心衰在英国比世界其他国家都普遍。(7).Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects.（分数：1.00）A.Right B.WrongC.Not mentioned解析：解析 根据最后一段最后一句话可知，这种新的干细胞治疗确实修复了心脏中损坏的肌肉，对治疗疾病有很大的前景，所以题目说法正确。三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Searching for Smiles1. Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be: “To be happy.“ Ed Deiner, an American psychology professor, has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy, comparing levels of happiness between cultures
